Yintoni efunda nefonetiki kunye orthoepy? Oko kufuneka ufunde nefonetiki?

Zentetho izandi, iipateni izandi ukuhlanganisa ulwazi, imixube isandi - yiloo yonke loo nefonetiki ukufunda. Le inzululwazi isebe eninzi uqeqesho - Ezolimi, leyo uphonononga ulwimi hlobo.

Imithetho izandi zamazwi

Ukuyenza ibonakale ncono ukuba ifonetiki ukufunda, ngokwaneleyo ukuba ukucinga icebo kwalo naluphi na ulwimi. Ngaphakathi kuyo, kukho unxibelelwano ebalulekileyo phakathi intetho yomlomo olubhaliweyo lwangaphakathi. Izandi zamazwi - oku inzululwazi undincinayo isakhiwo. izifundo ezibalulekileyo ayo orthoepy (imithetho pronunciation) kunye nemizobo (ngencwadi ebhaliweyo).

Ukuba ufaka incwadi enye umfanekiso (character) kunye nesandi yayo, sifumana sisixhobo esibalulekileyo intetho yabantu. Le nto kanye ukufunda nefonetiki. Ukongeza, oko liphonononga icala eziphathekayo amagama, oko kukuthi, izixhobo ezisetyenziswa yi umntu kwintetho yakhe. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-unit ezinekhono - iseti amalungu eziyimfuneko ukuze ngqo. ziingcali Ifonetiki siqwalasele iimpawu ive izandi, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu kunxibelelwano eqhelekileyo.

Ukuvela nefonetiki

Ukuze siqonde oko ukufunda nefonetiki, kufuneka sijonge imbali kwale nzululwazi. Kumaphononongo okuqala kwinkqubo isandi ulwimi, yabonakala phakathi zobulumko zamandulo zamaGrike. isixhobo Ntetho abanomdla Plato, Heraclitus, Democritus noAristotle. Ngoko VII BC. e. igrama wabonakala, kwaye nayo uhlalutyo -fonetichesky kunye nokwahlukana lwezandi kwi consonants kunye izikhamiso. Kwaba kuphela imiqathango awazalelwa bezenzululwazi.

Ngexesha Ukukhanya, izazinzulu yaseYurophu kuqala wabuza umbuzo malunga nemo ukuyilwa izandi. Owasungula le thiyori wokudlala zezikhamiso ive yaba ugqirha waseJamani Christian Krattsenshteyn. Inyaniso yokuba amagqirha ziye ngoovulindlela nefonetiki, akumangalisi ngokwenene. izifundo zabo yokuthetha baba nokomzimba endalweni. Xa oogqirha ezithile ezinomdla uhlobo abangevayo-mutism.

Kule Ifonetiki Ngenkulungwane XIX sasifunda sele zonke iilwimi ehlabathini. Izazinzulu baye basungula indlela lothelekiso-yembali ukufunda Ezolimi. Waba ukuthelekisa iilwimi ezahlukeneyo omnye komnye. Ngenxa olu hlalutyo bothi phonetic ayiphumelelanga ukungqina ukuba iziyelelane ezahlukahlukeneyo kufuneka lweengcambu. Ulwahlulo zolwimi amaqela amakhulu kunye neentsapho. Busekelwe phezu ezifana hayi kuphela nefonetiki, kodwa igrama, isigama, njalo-njalo. D.

Izandi zamazwi ngolwimi Russian

Ngoko ke oko kufuneka ufunde nefonetiki? Imbali wophuhliso yayo ibonisa ukuba ngaphandle le uqeqesho kunzima ukuqonda uhlobo lwe yolwimi yesizwe. Hi xikombiso, le nefonetiki ulwimi Russian kuqala uphando Mihailom Lomonosovym.

Waye umphengululi ubhetyebhetye kwaye ezizodwa kakhulu kwinzululwazi yemvelo. Noko ke, ulwimi Russian isoloko unomdla University ukususela kwinqanaba ngenxa yokuthetha esidlangalaleni. Le Isazinzulu yaba neciko owaziwayo. Ngowe-1755 wabhala i "igrama Russian", ethe aphandwa iziseko phonetic yolwimi yesizwe. Ngokukodwa, umbhali echaza yokubiza izandi kunye nohlobo lwawo. Kwisifundo sakhe, wayesebenzisa zakutshanje ngexesha beengcamango yaseYurophu Ezolimi.

IPA

Ngenkulungwane XVIII, izazinzulu of the World Endala idibene laso. Le yenye lwimi Indiya. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba zezi lwimi yenye yezinto indala ngoku ekhoyo kwi senkcubeko yoluntu. Olwimi azihli Indo yaseYurophu-. Oku kuye kwatsala ingqalelo lwabaphandi Koloni.

Kungekudala, ngoncedo zophando phonetic, bafumana ukuba iilwimi Indian kwaye aseYurophu ulwimi okude eqhelekileyo. Ngoko Ifonetiki iphela. Abaphandi baye wabeka usukelo: ukwenza oonobumba enye, nto leyo eza ndasinqabisela izandi zazo zonke iilwimi behlabathi. inkqubo Ukuloba yokurekhoda International yaziswa kwinkulungwane XIX emva kwexesha. It ukhona kwaye zincediswe namhlanje. Ngoncedo yayo kulula ukuthelekisa zikude ngalinye iilwimi kwezinye kunye ayaba.

iiForam izandi zamazwi

isayensi United phonetic yahlulwe yangamacandelo eziliqela. Bonke bephela befunda nomba ezahlukeneyo zolwimi. Umzekelo, Jikelele Ifonetiki uphonononga iipatheni anokufumaneka iilwimi kuzo zonke iintlanga. Ezi uphando zisinceda ukuba sifumane iingongoma eliqhelekileyo reference kunye neengcambu.

Ifonetiki achazayo idlulisela imeko yangoku kulwimi ngalunye. Injongo yokufunda zayo inkqubo ephilileyo. Ifonetiki Historical kuyimfuneko umkhondo uphuhliso kunye "ikhula" kolwimi oluthile.

orthoepy

Ukususela Ifonetiki owabelwe isayensi orthoepy. It is a uqeqesho elimxinwa. Yintoni efunda nefonetiki kunye orthoepy? Izazinzulu specialising in zenzululwazi, ukuhlola yokubiza amagama. Kodwa ukuba izandi zamazwi lunikezelwa yonke imiba uhlobo isandi intetho, lo orthoepy kuyimfuneko ukuze kufunyanwe umkhomba-ndlela efanelekileyo umdlalo igama njalo njalo. D.

Ezi zifundo baqala yomlando. Ulwimi ngendlela yayo omzimba ophilileyo. Uqala nabantu. Ekubeni isizukulwana ngasinye esitsha, ulwimi ubani ayeke izinto ezingafunekiyo, kuquka amagama. Ngoko ke archaisms ke kulityalwa indawo le mimiselo mitsha. Le nto kanye ukufunda nefonetiki, imizobo, orthoepy.

egweba izithethe

pronunciation Imigaqo ngolwimi ngalunye ifakelwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, ubunye ulwimi Russian kwenzeka emva kokuba i-Oktobha Revolution. Kwakukho kuphela entsha norm ukubiza, kodwa ulimi. Le ngeelwimi Russian yonke XX kwinkulungwane sihlolisise iintsalela eseleyo elidlulileyo.

Ulwimi kuBukhosi Russian waba kolwabelo olungalinganiyo. imigangatho Orthoepic kwingingqi nganye yahlukile kwezinye. Oku kwaba ngenxa yenani elikhulu neziyelelane. Naxa eMoscow kwakukho lwesigodi yayo. Phambi kokuba revolution, yena ingqalelo udidi ulwimi Russian, kodwa emva kokuba izizukulwana ezimbalwa ngendlela eyothusayo watshintsha phantsi kwempembelelo kwexesha.

Orthoepy lokufundisa izakhono ezifana imvakalozwi kunye aksenti. Izithethi ngaphezulu, kokukhona amathuba ukuba iqela elithile kuya kufuneka eyabo imithetho phonetic. Baya zahlukile umgangatho boncwadi yokwahluka yabo ukuyilwa phoneme ntetho. iziganeko ezinjalo unique ziqokelelwa systematized zizazinzulu, ngoko ngenisa ukubiza dictionary ekhethekileyo.

yemizobo

Enye ebalulekileyo ukuba ifonetiki yengqeqesho ngemizobo. Libizwa ngokuba yokubhala. Ngoncedo wophawu data kwinkqubo esisigxina lusekiwe, apho umntu afuna ukuba adlulisele ngolwimi. Okokuqala, ubuntu ukunxibelelana kuphela intetho, kodwa waba ethile ezininzi. Chief phakathi kula ekungakwazini ukulungisa iingcinga zakhe ukuze bakwazi ukuziphilela nayiphi eliphakathi ngokwasemzimbeni (umzekelo, iphepha). Ukuvela yokubhala awuyitshintshanga le meko.

Graphics liphonononga yonke imiba yale nkqubo entsonkothileyo imiqondiso. Undincinayo inzululwazi nefonetiki nalo uqeqesho enxulumene ngokusondeleyo? Ukudibana iileta izandi isintu ukuba sikwazi ukudala inkqubo ohlangeneyo ulwimi, ngalo emphakathini. Unxulumano oluphakathi iinxalenye ezimbini ezibalulekileyo kuso (orthoepy kunye nemizobo), isizwe ngasinye lalo. Iingcali ngeelwimi ukufunda kwabo. akukho nto ibaluleke ngaphezu imizobo nefonetiki ukuba nokuqonda ulwimi wendalo. Yintoni uphando lweengcali ukusuka kwindawo ekhangele ezi nkqubo zimbini? iiyunithi zabo lwesemantiki zincwadi nezandi. Zona - izinto eziphambili zokufunda zenzululwazi kweelwimi.