Yintoni ingxoxo kunye omnye in Russian

Eli nqaku liphendula lo mbuzo: "Yintoni na le incoko yaye omnye?". Lunikeza iimpawu zezi ntlobo zimbini ze intetho, inkcazelo, kwahluka ngamnye kubo, iziphumlisi, kunye nezinye iimpawu. Sinethemba lokuba Inqaku lethu liza kukunceda kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngokweenkcukacha ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwabo, ukuba bafunde izinto ezintsha.

Dialogue: definition

Ingxoxo - yinto uhlobo yokuthetha, nto leyo incoko phakathi kwabantu ababini okanye nangaphezulu, nto leyo iquka utshintshiselwano amazwi phakathi kwabo. Eyona unit main yencoko ebizwa umanyano dialogical - sukuba (lebyi) yokudibanisa kwelinye kwemifanekiso eziliqela ngamnye, kukuba ukuba babelane iingxelo, izimvo, yonke elandelayo leyo enxulumene kowangaphambili, kwaye kuxhomekeke kuyo.

Ubukho umanyano dialogic luchazwa ukudityaniswa kwemifanekiso ezingafani (yongeza, ukusasazeka, ibali, kwemvume inkcaso, umbuzo-impendulo formula yokuziphatha intetho).

Maxa wambi khona ukuze ngenxa iingxelo, izinto ezo ngokubange- ukuba ikopi efanayo interlocutor edlulileyo, kodwa ngokubanzi imeko yokuthetha apho nxaxheba ukuthetha ubuza omnye umbuzo:

- Yintoni incoko kunye omnye ngokokubona kwakho?

- Ucinga ntoni?

ubhalo propositional ixhomekeke phezu ezahlukeneyo izinto, ngokuyintloko babantu ye incoko kunye namaqhinga zabo ngomlomo qhinga, inkcubeko yabo intetho, ombane ngokuba "ingozi umphulaphuli" (oko akuthethi ukuthatha inxaxheba kwincoko, nangona abafumaneka benaye), iqondo lokuba sesikweni le imeko apho nxibelelwano luqhubekayo phakathi kwabo.

iintlobo yentsebenziswano

Ngomhla iimpawu ikhowudi Umfuziselo kwaye ichaphazela inxaxheba kolunxulumano kwindawo ifowuni, ie, uhlobo yazo yokusebenza. iintlobo eziphambili ezintathu: co-ukuxhomekeka kunye nokulingana. The degree of bendawo kuxhomekeke kokusingqongileyo uncokola ulawulo iimfuno zakhe intetho kunye nokuthotyelwa ulwimi kunye nemigangatho.

Ubume yencoko

Russian incoko yababini ulwimi usoloko isakhiwo ethile kwiintlobo ezininzi zihlala zifana: lokuqala uya imvakalozwi, ngoko - inxalenye engundoqo, yaye ekugqibeleni - nesiphelo. Imvakalozwi isenokuba yenye iifomyula ezininzi yokuziphatha intetho (Molo, Vasily Vladimirovich!) Okanye basivumela lokuqala zogxininiso (Liliphi ixesha na?), Njengokuba kwakunye umfanekiso-umgwebo (yezulu Great namhlanje!).

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ubude yencoko kunokuba isondlo ongapheliyo, kuba evulekileyo inokuba umda osezantsi. Phantse wonke ulwimi incoko yababini Russian ungadluliselwa ngokwandisa onxwe dialogical ngawo iqulathe. Noko ke, xa kusenziwa na isiphelo dialogical (intetho yokuziphatha ibinzana (Sala kakuhle!), A ifane kwemvume (ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo!) Okanye ikopi efanayo-impendulo).

dialogue Iimpawu

Ingxoxo - oko luhlobo yendalo lonxibelelwano, yona zaseprayimari. Ngoko ke, xa ethetha le fomu oko kakhulu. Kodwa incoko (inkcazelo leyo ezinikelwe ngentla) lukhona journalistic, ezobunzululwazi kunye esemthethweni ulwimi ishishini.

Primary uhlobo lonxibelelwano, likwimo engalungiswanga intsebenziswano ngomlomo kulogo. Oku kusebenza kuqala ulwimi oluthethwayo, apho umxholo yababini kule khosi yophuhliso lwayo zinokutshintsha phantsi kwempembelelo zinto random. Noko ke, intetho journalistic, ezobunzululwazi kunye ngokusesikweni-ushishino xa kulungiselelwa owandulelayo kwemifanekiso (imiba becala), uphuhliso kunye nokwakhiwa yencoko (ulwimi Russian kunye nezinye iilwimi zehlabathi kule efanayo) iya kuba izinto ngokukhululekileyo, njengoko uninzi amatyala indlela Umfuziselo interlocutor ngeke neqembu nangaziwayo.

Kakhulu ngokucacileyo ngendlela yokuthetha ubonisa umgaqo, obizwa ngokuba "umgaqo jikelele imali yokuthetha ngomlomo." Oku kuthetha ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba kwi imeko anikiweyo minimum angqine ngomlomo, oko kukuthi ngamazwi, kuthetha ukuzaliswa ngenxa ezahlukeneyo iindlela ezingezizo ezomlomo yonxibelelwano ukungabikho yokuvakalisa ngomlomo. Ezi fom non-ngomlomo ziquka yobuso, imvakalozwi, izijekulo neentshukumo zomzimba.

Iimeko ukwenzela iziganeko yababini

Ngokuba ukuvela yababini kwelinye icala, kufuneka isiseko yokuqala eliqhelekileyo iinkcukacha eziya kwabelwana amalungu, yaye kwelinye icala, kuyimfuneko ukuba kukho umahluko ubuncinane ulwazi-nxaxheba 'intsebenziswano ngomlomo. Kungenjalo, abayi kuba nako Kwathi nenye inkcazelo nganye efanelekileyo malunga nomba intetho, nto leyo ethetha ukuba incoko iya kuba sengozini. Loo nto ifuthe elibi uninformative kwi imveliso indlela ezibangela intetho. Loo into angavela nje kuphela ibe phantsi eliphantsi incoko izwi nxaxheba, kodwa ukuba akukho umnqweno ukuqalisa incoko ukuphuhlisa nto.

Incoko yababini, apho kukho kuphela indlela yokuziphatha intetho ebizwa iifom Ehtiketnye, umntu uyakwazi ukubona ngokusesikweni, ngamanye amazwi, akukho ulwazi. Kulo mzekelo, abathathi-nxaxheba akukho mfuneko okanye umnqweno ukufumana ulwazi, kodwa incoko ngokwayo ngokusesikweni yamkelwe kwezinye iimeko (umzekelo, kwintlanganiso kwiindawo zoluntu)

- Hello!

- Hello!

- Unjani?

- Kulungile, enkosi. Kwaye wena?

- Kulungile, ndisebenza kancinci.

- Kaloku, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ngovuyo!

- Bye!

Yimeko esifunekayo incoko ukwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuba ingcaciso entsha imfuneko yonxibelelwano. Lo mba ke ziziphumo enokubakho msantsa ilifa ulwazi kunye nolwazi phakathi kwamalungu ayo.

iintlobo yababini

Ngokutsho iinjongo kunye neenjongo, iindima ze interlocutors kunye imeko wonxibelelwano ntlobo zilandelayo iingxoxo: incoko Business, incoko yababini abathengi kunye nodliwano-ndlebe.

Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zencoko yemihla ngemihla - ecaleni kunokwenzeka ukususela isihloko, okungacetywanga, ukunqongophala iinjongo kunye nemfuneko nasiphi na isigqibo, iintlobo kwezihloko ngxoxo, ubuntu ibinzana, enye yezibninzi ezisetyenziswayo izixhobo (okunye) unxibelelwano lenta kunye nobuchule, nebuncoko.

incoko Business - ingxoxo ikakhulu phakathi kwamaqela amabini incoko, leyo ibizwa isimilo kangaka nabanye abantu. Kulo mzekelo, kukho ubuchule kunye iindlela zempembelelo nxaxheba ngamazwi nangezenzo ukuya kwenye ezahlukeneyo. incoko Business, nangona oko kusoloko isifundo esithile, ubuntu ebomini (njengoko kuchasiwe, umzekelo, kwi thethwano zoshishino) kwaye kwenzeka ubukhulu becala phakathi kwamalungu nkampani efanayo.

Udliwano - Unxibelelwano ummeli zosasazo kumntu ungubani na iimfuno zoluntu. osemqoka yayo lokwahlula - dvuadresnost, oko kukuthi i-dliwano-ndlebe (oqhuba ndlebe) ne dilesi ngqo kumamkeli wakha incoko idrama ezizodwa, ukubala ubukhulu becala iimpawu umbono wayo zabafundi elizayo.

Kweziphumlisi dialogue

iingxoxo Upelo in Russian - umxholo elula kakhulu. Ukuba izithethi inkcukacha ezifanayo uqale umhlathi omtsha, phambi ngamnye kubo kwathiwa liyahlasela, umzekelo:

- Yintoni incoko kunye omnye?

- Ezi ntlobo zimbini zentetho.

- Yaye njani ukuba zahlukile enye kwenye?

- Inani labo bathatha inxaxheba.

Ukuba kukhethwe inkcukacha ezifanayo hamba ngaphandle ekuso umntu, ngamnye kubo iya kuba kuchaphulo olu phindwe kwaye ohlukene kwelilandelayo dash. Umzekelo: "Yintoni na le incoko yaye omnye?" - "The neendidi zentetho." - "Enkosi uncedo!".

Ukuba, emva kokuba izitetimenti lombhali elandelwa amagama, phambi kokuba lowo dash olandelayo lishiyiwe: "? Unjani" - wabuza UMaria Petrovna. "Ayikho, ngokucotha", - watsho Igor Olegovich.

Ukwazi le mithetho elula, yaye siyisebenzisa ku umkhuba, ungasoloko ubhale incoko elungileyo.

Omnye: Inkcazo

Omnye linobude isalamane sexesha (le nto ndiyibhalayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngokomthamo, ezinxulumene emele intsingiselo kunye nesakhiwo welizwi), kunye iyantlukwano nobutyebi isigama ezahlukeneyo. izihloko ezahlukeneyo kakhulu omnye, nto leyo ngokuzenzekelayo ukutshintsha ngexesha kuphuhliso lwayo.

Iindidi omnye

EyamKelekileyo ukunika iindidi ezimbini ezisisiseko monologues.

1. monologues, leyo yinkqubo, imiyalezo abazi ngabom kunye nezibheno kumphulaphuli, busetyenziswa kakhulu kwintetho yomlomo ncwadi: zenzululwazi yomlomo (Umzekelo - ingxelo okanye isifundo academic), ngomlomo kunye nentetho yoluntu kwezomthetho. Enkulu yaba omnye kwimizobo zentetho.

2. omnye ngentetho yedwa, loo nto ku ukwalathisa umphulaphuli, kwaye ngokwabo. Olu hlobo yokuthetha ngokuba "omnye elingaphakathi." It ayenzelwanga zizama ukubaphembelela impendulo yomntu.

Omnye, imizekelo apho baninzi, kunokuba zombini ezizenzekelayo ningekalungi (amaninzi lisetyenziswa kwintetho yemihla ngemihla), kwakunye pre-izicwangciso, bayilungisa.

Types omnye izisulu

Ngokutsho kwiinjongo lukho kwingxelo, kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili: intetho ezinika ulwazi, beyiseke kwaye uxhase.

Eyona njongo kwengcaciso - ukudluliselwa kolwazi. Ethetha kulo mzekelo ukuthathela ingqalelo kuqala zonke ngokwasengqondweni kunye nobuchule nasengqondweni kwimbono zabaphulaphuli yombhalo.

Iindidi omnye yolwazi na ezahlukeneyo iintetho, iingxelo, iintetho, iingxelo, imiyalezo.

omnye ekholisa ibhekiswe ngokuyintloko iimvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo kumphulaphuli. Ukuthetha uqale zonke ingqalelo nobuntununtunu yokugqibela. Ngu iindidi zentetho ziquka: festive, umbuliso, ndlela-ntle.

Abashukumisele omnye (imizekelo apho - ethandwa kakhulu ngexesha lethu, intetho yezopolitiko) usifunela sijolise ngokuyintloko ukukhuthaza abafundi ukuba izenzo ezahlukeneyo. Oku kuquka: intetho loqhankqalazo, intetho yezopolitiko, intetho, ikhwelo lokuba kusetyenzwe.

Ifom labalandeli omnye

Le omnye umntu isakhiwo imilo edityanisiweyo ukuba kuxhomekeke kuzo ukwenza uchazo ezisebenzayo-lwesemantiki okanye ngohlobo okuloba. Kwiintlobo ngeentlobo kunye omnye zesimbo zezi zilandelayo: intetho oratorical, ushishino olusemthethweni yaye omnye yokuluka kulwimi Russian, kwakunye nezinye iintlobo. By the ngemiba yezemfundo kwisemantiki ziquka mfanekiso, inkcazelo, ingxabano.

Monologues zahlukile kwi iqondo lokuba sesikweni kunye nokulungela. Umzekelo, intetho oratorical - kusoloko kukho omnye pre-acwangcisiweyo yaye ukulungele ukuba ngenene awasiwisayo kwindawo esesikweni. Kodwa elithile yinto uhlobo ngumntu zentetho, okwakha kusoloko ukuba incoko. Ngoko, nawuphi na omnye umntu iindlela ezahlukeneyo dialogization. Ezi ziquka, umzekelo, imibuzo buciko, izibheno, form imibuzo neempendulo yokuthetha nabanye. Ngamanye amazwi, oku konke awakuthethayo ngalo umnqweno ukwandisa ilizwi nokuphimisela umsebenzi intetho khona, umthombo, ukuba reaction yakhe.

Le omnye ziyahluka zokungenela (echazwe ndaba intetho isithethi), yinxalenye engundoqo kunye nesiphelo (apho isithethi kuzisa iziphumo zakhe intetho).

isiphelo

Ngenxa yoko, kokuba kuqwalaselwe ukuba omnye kunye nengxoxo - zezona ntlobo zimbini ezingundoqo intetho, ezahlukeneyo enye kwenye inani inxaxheba wobudlelane izifundo. Ingxoxo le fom zamabanga zendalo, njengendlela babelane iimbono neengcinga phakathi nxaxheba kunye omnye - ingxelo eneenkcukacha, apho umbalisi lo umntu omnye kuphela. Indlela omnye nentetho dialogic ekhoyo ngomlomo ngokubhaliweyo, nangona sisiseko yokugqibela usoloko ukuba umntu omnye, a dialogical - isiseko kwifom ngomlomo.