Yintoni into mutagenic yaye oko kuyingozi?

Ngokuguqula imizila usoloko kwenzeka ngesiquphe. Zofuzo lwe ephilayo yahluka: into eyenzekayo phakathi zofuzo okanye yemfuza, yaye ezi nguqu ngokubanzi alibonakali ngeliso lenyama. Kwezinye iimeko, imiphumo zinzima, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umzimba kunokwenzeka ekufeni. Le ukuguquka akwenzeki ngokwalo. Isizathu usoloko ufumana factor mutagenic.

Yintoni arhente mutagenic?

Utshintsho zofuzo zofuzo, inzululwazi efunda imizila yemfuza. Kwakhona inika inkcazo mutagens zenzululwazi.

imiba njengoko ipapashwe - arhente iikhemikali nezinye izinto ezibangela utshintsho impahla yemfuza iiseli. Uhlobo ezi arhente inokuba ezahlukeneyo, kwaye kule Indawo yokwahlukanisa esekelwe.

iintlobo mutagens

Kuxhomekeka imvelaphi yazo bekela ngokwasemzimbeni, iikhemikhali kunye mutagens eziphilayo. Naziphi na izinto mutagenic ekunokuthiwa enye yezi maqela ezinkulu ezintathu.

Nefuthe agents iseli Uqonde ingabhekiswa ngqo zinemoletyhule DNA, kwaye ngoko ke genetic material uphelelwa ubume bayo boqobo. Ezinye mutagens iphazamise inkqubo division yeseli, kunye nezinto genetic ngenxa abelwa ngokufanelekileyo. Kukho, ngoko ke, izinto leyo bebodwa ngeke zibangelwa mutagens. Kodwa ke ifuthe yikhompawundi imichiza enqanda ezithile esenza sibe yinto yokwenene mutagenic. Ezi izinto ukuba "amandla" mutagenic, wabhekisela promutagens.

izinto mutagenic. izibonelo

Ngu mutagens imvelaphi ebonakalayo ziquka imithombo ye ionizing radiation, engenisa ukukhanya UV, ngokungaqhelekanga amaqondo obushushu aphezulu okanye asezantsi kunye nokufuma.

Umzekelo, ombala ultraviolet radiation ukuba ubude ngaphezu kwe-260 NM sebenzi weseli izityalo kwaye ibangele sheet Ukuqulunqwa kulo uncharacteristic of dimers pyrimidine (le khompawundi kwikhonkco DNA) nto leyo, ukuba imzisele iimpazamo zokufunda mbandela yemfuza. Ngenxa yoko, iiseli ezintsha zivela DNA ukusuka isakhiwo "ephosakeleyo,".

imichiza abaninzi mutagenic kunye promutagens. Imizekelo iintlobo ioksijini lovukelo, nitrate nitrites, ezinye iintsimbi, iziyobisi kunye nabo ziimveliso de uluntu zikho kwindalo (iikhemikhali indlu, ongeziweyo ukutya kunye kwisigcinakaliso).

Ngokomzekelo, ukuze abe komithiyo bazazi imeko yabo uthabathe ezinye nemithi, yingozi olungekazalwa. Ngenxa yoko, usana lisenokuba yesifo azalwa esibangelwa ukuguquka.

Le mutagens zebhayoloji ziquka iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, iimveliso inkunkuma abanye lenyama kunye gazi.

Isiphumo ifuthe arhente ezifana yebhayoloji kwiiseli yinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba mutagenesis esosulelayo. Umzekelo, igciwane Helicobacter pylori, abahlala esiswini yoluntu emathunjini kunokubangela ukudumba isifo. Ukudumba lutshintsha ukugeleza iinkqubo redox xa iiseli ezonakeleyo ukuba liyitshintshe isakhiwo genetic material kuzo. iinkqubo ukulungisa DNA eyaphukileyo ikhondo ungumqobo molecule obuqhelekileyo. Isiphumo - uguquko.

A amagama ambalwa malunga nenkqubo mutagenesis

Mutagenesis - yinkqubo ingenzeka izakhi. Luni mechanism, loo nto inokwenzeka?

Imiba kakhulu mutagenic ukuba ekuthiwa-chromosomal xenga. Ngenxa ye-genetic material or isasazwa edyokhweni kwi ehlukanisiwe iiseli okanye zofuzo isakhiwo ngokwayo kuyahluka. Umzekelo, zofuzo ezimbini abakhuselekanga arhente ndlongondlongo bacebisane nemizi yawo.

into mutagenic nayo ukulungisa ukulandelelana DNA nucleic. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba loo yemfuza iyabulala okanye abangele ukugula kakhulu xa abachatshazelwa nucleotides ebalulekileyo, kodwa kwakhona lwenzeka ngaphandle ezimbi, ukuba ulandelelwano acid loo nucleic akangeniswanga yonakele.

Indlela yokukhusela wena ekuveleni mutagens?

imiba njengoko ipapashwe bengengabo ikuyo, ngoko uya kuba luncedo ukuba athathe amanyathelo ezithile zokuthintela.

Antioxidants - iqela ebalulekileyo iikhompawundi ezithintela sesichengeni carcinogens. Yaye zinokukunceda ukuba ukukhusela nxamnye nazo zonke iintlobo kwemichiza ezinobutshaba. Imizekelo Antioxidants ukuba iivithamini A, C no-E, beta-carotene kunye flavonoids. Ezi izinto zibe ngamanani amakhulu kakhulu zifumaneka imifuno kunye neziqhamo, ngokunjalo tea eluhlaza.

Kubalulekile ukuba azame ukuzikhusela ngokwabo ezisuka kwii-arhente ezibi zomzimba ezifana UV radiation okanye umsi wecuba. Umzekelo, e-Australia, likhaya inani elikhulu labantu ukukhanya-ngebala, kwaye basoloko apho imozulu enelanga. Ipesenti kumatyala wolusu kweli lizwe, ngelishwa, iphezulu.

Amanyathelo kufuneka kuthathwe antibiotics, ziwubazele ukutya uze uzame ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwisigcinakaliso. Ngokusesikweni, Kakade ke, oko kuya ngqo imigaqo yokudla okunempilo.

Imiba mutagenic yokusingqongileyo ninamandla. Noko ke, ukuba uzikhusele ngokwakho kwimpembelelo yabo Inokwenzeka, ukuba ngenyameko impilo yabo.