Yintoni na le kwezwi frequency

Ekuqaleni kusenokubonakala ngathi igama elithi "kwezwi frequency" lisetyenziswa kuphela ngabantu omsebenzi wakhe lubandakanya ukulungiswa okanye ulondolozo isixhobo esisebenzisa amaza erediyo elektroniki. Enyanisweni, yinto ukungaqondi eqhelekileyo. Frequency kwezwi uyiqhelile kwinkoliso, nje ngenxa yokuba kusetyenziswe izihloko IsiNgesi-lwimi, abantu abaninzi abazi nokuba yokuba ekuthethwa ngawo kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Ke amagama zesikhululo yomlomo wonke. Oku kwahlukile, "kunomathotholo FM". Ngaba ukhe uzibuze ukuba yintoni na isimaphambili "FM"? Nguwo lo kwezwi kwamaza, kuphela Russified shunqulelo - Frequency kwezwi, ie FM.

Ukuba ufuna nayiphi na kwezwi yomqondiso analog ithwele ulwazi oluluncedo isetyenziswa iintlobo ezininzi nokubunjwa kwayo. Iintlobo ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi zilandelayo awunandaba: oluqukuqelayo kunye namandla awo. Thina uqwalasela ngamnye kule zolwimi ngokunzulu.

Igama elithi "analog" kuthetha iqhawulwe ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngokuchaseneyo obubobu digital ukubasulela ukubetha alternation. Masikhumbule engundoqo zemvelo otshangatshangiswayo sine AC. zika cartesian kwi-moya: iilayini ezithe tye kunye nkqo. Ngokuthe tye yalityaziswa ixesha kunye nkqo imele izinga (ixabiso current). Sine Wave - a wave eqhubekayo, ngokungathi enziwe kwangexesha axis a. Ukuba usebenzisa i sinusoid ukudlulisela ulwazi, kuyimfuneko ukwenza iikhowudi ngendlela ethile, oko kukuthi, indlela eqhelekileyo ukuguqula ngumtshangatshangiso.

Simele sicinge ukuba singathatha nokulatyuza sine wamacala amabini (iingongoma ezimbini kumgama enye kwenye) ezo nto ngathi ikhodiyani. Ngenxa yoko, amaza aya kuba yondele kakhulu, ummandla ngamnye kubo uya ndinciphe, kodwa ke inani badlula ngeyunithi nganye kwexesha, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu. Enyanisweni khona, ubunjwe sine. Oko kukuthi, i-frequency litshintshiwe. Noko ke, iliza sine onjalo uphawu iluncedo: ukuba ukuthatha kunomathotholo, imvelaphi nefanayo kuphela iviwe (beep, hum).

Kule amaza carrier ziqulathe component luncedo, kuyimfuneko ukwenza encoding kwezwi, nto leyo enye efanayo. Khawucinge ngoku ukuba endaweni omnye ngumtshangatshangiso acudisiweyo yomelele enye, yaye ethile nokuba waneka wave sine, oko kukuthi, bakha ngendlela ethile. Ngenxa yoko, imvelaphi lwaba modulated, ukutshintsha ithowuni (isithethi lokudlala). Ukuba ngoku etshintsha rhoqo ithowuni, uyakwazi ukugqithisa ulwazi luncedo (isandi). Nguwo lo kwezwi frequency. Kakade ke, akukho izandla omnye ukuzolula sinusoid - kuba umsebenzi abaguquli ezizodwa.

Umgaqo efanayo isetyenziswa kwezwi awo (AM, Painter), kunye kuphela umahluko ukuba ivavanywa akukho lutshintsho amaza alwayo, ukuphakama kwawo. Makhe sithi iingalo mbambe sinusoid undulations ezininzi amalungiselelo ngasentla nangasezantsi ixesha iasi. Ngoku, malunga ezimanyeneyo isithabazi okanye nciphisa. Ngenxa yoko, ukuphakama iyahluka. Iqela elilandelayo amaza kwakhona ukutshintsha ngendlela efanayo, kodwa ncinane (okanye ngaphezulu) ngamandla. Ukuba uthumela "Ndayishwabanisa" amaza sine isithethi, uyakwazi ukuva utshintsho ithoni: apho amaza ephakamile, kukho umfutho Oluphawu mkhulu yaye apho ngezantsi - kukho ngaphantsi. Ke yonke into ilula: njengoko ukulicudisa ezinqwenelekayo (ukuzolula) lencinibakazi, ngaloo ndlela usebenzisa ikhowudi ulwazi. Njengoko kwimeko zobungakanani kwezwi, kukho kwakhona akukho namnye yolula izandla zakho - umsebenzi izixhobo.

Le ndlela usebenzisa awo uphawu kwezwi, ilinganiselwe kakhulu ububanzi ecacicleyo, kunjalo luncedo kangako ukugqithisa yesitiroyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa ezahlukeneyo kwamaza , negunya obuphumayo e-FM kunye AM, owokuqala kufuna ukubekwa rhoqo transponder. Kwelinye icala, ubonakala kakhulu irediyo AM luthathe umgama kunye ngokucacileyo umahluko phakathi icandelo luncedo, nkqu phambi ingxolo.