Dzhon Lilli: engobomi, iincwadi, iifoto

Iingcali ezininzi endle sengqondo kunye kwengqondo basebenzisa ulwazi ukuba enye neurophysiologists abaziwayo American. Wafunda dolphins ezingqondweni, wakwazi ukuba sicebise kwingcingane iindlela olululo yophando lwenzululwazi. Kwakhona ngexesha amalinge akhe, ISAZINZULU wafumana data yenzululwazi umdla kakhulu. Ngubani na lo mntu twisiseni?

D. Lilly - ubuntwana

Oku Dzhon Lilli - nogqirha, a biophysicist, i-buchopho kunye yesazi. main elithile kwakhe wanyula isifundo ithi lokuqonda. Lilly wazalwa EyoMqungu 6, 1915 e Saint Paul, Minnesota. Ukuze ixesha elide waba ngummeli abaziwayo counterculture yaye elilungu esikolweni efanayo Ram Dass kunye Timoti Liri. Xa lo mfana wayeneminyaka 10 Abazali ubudala abo kakhulu namaKatolika zonqulo, wazilungisela ngenxa yenkonzo zesibingelelo. UYohane inkwenkwe ogulayo, antywiliselwa kwihlabathi iingcinga zakhe kunye neminqweno.

Okokuqala, ethanda impumelelo yabazali 'kwintsimi enzima umbingeleli elizayo: umntwana wathandaza, bacule iingoma ekwayaleni yokomoya, waya inkonzo. Noko ke, Lilly waqonda ukuba ibandla - oku asiyiyo indawo apho angathanda ukubona ngokwakho. Ngapha koko, nemfundiso yonqulo usoloko iyakuqhwalelisa inkululeko yabantu. UYohane usoloko ezama ukukhusela ilungelo izimvo zabo, yaye ubomi ecaweni kuba nako ukudityaniswa nembono efanayo. Abazali ngesicelo le nkwenkwe yadluliselwa ukusuka esikolweni yecawe kwezemfundo.

Ulutsha kunye umdla kwisayensi

Kwiminyaka 13, Lilly waqalisa ukuba nomdla zenzululwazi ezahlukeneyo. Waye ngokukhethekileyo umdla ngemichiza. Ukususela kwelo xesha, UYohane uqala ukuba baqhube imifuniselo eyahlukeneyo imichiza. Emva kokufunda le Academy of St. uPawulos, waphumelela kwisikolo bezempilo Dartmouth, uze - California Institute of Technology kunye University of Pennsylvania.

Ngowe-1942 wafumana ngesidanga Doctor of Medicine. De 1956 Dzhon Lilli ebefundisa kwiyunivesithi efanayo. Kunye ukufundisa, ukufunda theory psychoanalytic kunye biophysics.

tank wedwa

Ngowe-1954, Lilly wamvavanya itanki yokugquma yokuqala, apho oko kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuphumeza imifuniselo ezahlukahlukeneyo nokuswela oluvo. Ukuveliswa le itanki yaba sisiphumo umdla layo linyuke kuphononongo lokuqonda koluntu.

Kwaye ke amalinge okuqala lwaqhutywa kwi nomhloli onesibindi ngokwakhe. Ekugqibeleni, amatanki ngenxa nasekusweleni ngokoluvo kunye wazisa udumo kuYohane Lilly. Ngoku wonke umntu Ungandwendwela i inkqubo nasekusweleni oluvo, leyo kuthiwa floatation. Noko ke, asinguye wonke umntu uyazi ukuba ngubani yaye xa umenzi ukuya kwigumbi siswele oluvo kuqala.

Nofundo lokuba sezingqondweni iinkqubo

De 1968 Lilly isebenza njengoko ngumlawuli we-Institute of Communications, umseki ogama ngokwakhe. Ngeli xesha ke wafunda iimpawu ezingqondweni ihlengesi. Ngelo xesha, Lilly waba nomdla ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi - LSD kunye ketamine. Iziphumo zolu phando ziye zapapashwa kwenye yeencwadi Dzhona Lilli - "Programming and metaprogramming i biocomputer abantu".

Kulo msebenzi, Lilly ubiza ngamnye omdala kwangaphambili emiselwe bio-computer. Zonke iinkqubo omdala ngokwabo kwaye akwazi ukuya kwiprogram enye. Noko ke, nangona ukwahluka zonke iintlobo iinkqubo, ukhetho ezandleni ndoda isoloko kuphela. Lilly ukholelwa ukuba ezinye lwenkqubo umntu iye ilifa neyezingaphambili - yavela kulo ulwandle olunye-elilodwa, iziponji, nekorale, iintshulube. Inkqubo Ebalulekileyo sisasazwa ikhowudi yezofuzo.

Njengoko luvo, kwaye ubukhulu baso ophilileyo lwakukhula, zokuhlela uba lunzima kakhulu. Oku aziphelelanga kwimiba ukusinda nokuzala. Lilly wabiza neuron womntu "ikhompyutha omtsha", elavela ngethuba ngendaleko ukwenzela ukulawula kutshona kwezisezantsi iindawo ingqondo, yaye ukuzilawula.

Xa iminyaka kwesigidi embalwa edlulileyo, ubungakanani neuron bafikelela ubungakanani ebalulekileyo, bekukho amandla self-learning. Ukuvela lwamacandelo ezahlukeneyo - zemathematika, inzululwazi, intanda, ubugcisa, njl - .. Ngaba kunokwenzeka kuphela xa phambi neuron ukuba lifikelele kubukhulu.

egcinwe ngeentsipho yokuphila

Uphando lwakhe phezu nasekusweleni oluvo, yena zidibene iziyobisi. Waye watshata izihlandlo ezithathu, inkosikazi yakhe yokugqibela, Antonetta Oshman, wafa ngo-1996. Dzhon Lilli ngokwakhe wachitha iminyaka yakhe yokugqibela Hawaii. Wafa ngowe-2001 e-Los Angeles. Kubomi bakhe bonke Lilly babhala amaphepha enzululwazi 125 kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Uphando kwi dolphins kwakhokelela ekubeni ngo-1972 eUnited States yamisa umthetho ngokukhuselwa lolu hlobo ezincancisayo.

uphando Dolphin

Ukufunda ubuchule ukunxibelelana dolphins kubonakaliswe kwimibhalo Dzhona Lilli. "Dolphin okucinga", "Indoda eku xhulumaneni" - ukuba umsebenzi wakhe kulo ndawo. Noko ke, abanye abaphandi ayiqinisekiswanga iziphumo amalinge bakhe elabhoratri. Ngokomzekelo, izazinzulu ziye wawancamisa ekuhleni isityholo ukuba dolphins abafundise alfabhethi kunye amazwi ulwimi IsiNgesi.

Ngesinye isihlandlo, xa omnye dolphins kwehliswa singene echibini, isilwanyana hit intloko yakhe andabikho zingqondweni. Dolphin waqalisa ukutshona ukuya ezantsi. Ngeli xesha namaqabane akhe ebeka isilwanyana kwabangxwelerhiweyo phezu kwamanzi yaye yabanjwa logama nje le ngxaki eku xhulumaneni ayikwazanga ngokuqhelekileyo kwakhona ukuba aphefumle. Emva kwesi siganeko, Dzhon Lilli wagqiba ukuba dolphins zizilwanyana zentlalo, ukulungele ukunceda nye likaxakeka.

Okunye isebenza Lilly

Omnye iincwadi odumileyo Dzhona Lilli - ". Centre of the yinkanyamba" Lo msebenzi sisiphumo ukufuna intsingiselo ebomini, apho umbhali wathabatha malunga-50 iminyaka. Ukufunda ingqondo yomntu, umsebenzi bengasenasazela kweemeko osweleyo oluvo kunye psychoanalysis, Lilly wayezama ukufumana umsonto lakhe lenyaniso. Kwakhona kwi Lilly ichaza iziphumo amalinge bakhe, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi - LSD kunye ketamine.

Zeziphi ezinye iincwadi Dzhona Lilli onokuba nomdla kuzo abalandeli ukusungula wakhe ongaqhelekileyo? umsebenzi "kabini yinkanyamba" Le, "yiNkanyamba Centre. Grain ukuya lokusila. " Uninzi lwabo khange zaguqulelwa Russian, kodwa abe umdla kwabo ngeempumlo IsiNgesi - Ukulinganisa kaThixo, umntu enzulu, The Scientist: A Inoveli Autobiography.