Ziintshulube yokuhlala. Iimpawu ze ziintshulube

Xa iyonke kukho ezingaphezu kwama-20 amawaka. Iintlobo ezi zidalwa. Kodwa abasesikolweni ukufunda omnye nje kuphela kubo. Kuxhomekeka neempawu ababazalayo, aphile ngayo ezahlukahlukeneyo iimeko. Lomhlaba, amanzi acocekileyo kunye nolwandle - oko kukuthi yemvelo ziintshulube. Kwakhona, kukho ezinye abameli yokuphila indlela ekumfimfitheni yobomi.

iimpawu ngokubanzi

Ngayo izilwanyana unsegmented. Initial umzimba uvuleke izaliswe ulwelo. Bona bayakwazi intshukumo esebenzayo. Food for iintlobo free-eziphilayo iintsholongwane, lisiza nabangatshatanga-elilodwa. Nabo ke, zitya Qhotsa intlanzi intlanzi ezincinci.

Isikolo badla ingqalelo abameli ezifana iintlobo olwaye lwamfimfitha njengoko pinworm kunye amile. Ziyakwazi ukuphila ngaphakathi womkhosi yayo, ogama indima edlalwa izilwanyana kunye nabantu. Xa abantu, akhokelela ukonakala kweendlela zempilo, ngelixa ngo iintaka, intlanzi kunye nezinambuzane, maxa wambi kukho amatyala kukufa abaninzi. Iintlobo ezithile lweentshulube kwi nomngundo kunye nezityalo.

isakhiwo

ziintshulube Ulwakhiwo busenza ukuba zezindlu okanye iqumrhu edibanise-ezimile. Ulobuza asisibeke nangaphandle. Egumbini lokuqala ibekwe phantsi isikhumba bag-dystrophy.

Receipt Ukutya lwenziwa ngomlomo kungena emqaleni. Ukusuka apho iya kungena ityhubhu yokwetyisa, equka ngaphambili, phakathi kunye umva amathumbu. It liphethe empundwini. amadlala isikhumba modified - yinxalenye yenkqubo excretory.

Ezi zinambuzane dioecious. Abanawo iinkqubo ezifana bokuphefumla igazi.

ukukwazi Universal ukumelana neemeko zokusingqongileyo kungachazwa umaleko ashinyeneyo langaphandle (Ulobuza).

ziintshulube ezihlala kwezinye iimeko iquka moss. Kokuba zibe nokufezekiswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesityalo: neziqu, iingcambu, amatswele kunye namagqabi.

Ummandla zokusasaza ezi zidalwa ububanzi.

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo

Isakhiwo ziintshulube yahluke kancinane iimpawu yokwakheka of noogxa babo tyaba. Le mbono cross-wecandelo ibonisa ukuba umzimba ngokumila setyhula. Kuyinto macala evuthelweyo. Isikhumba kunye bag kwezihlunu usebenza kuwo eludongeni yokuqala. Ulobuza engaphandle ukhonza elimele.

iindlela zifo ziimpethu olwaye lwamfimfitha abantu abanjalo ukuba lo maleko akuthethi folokohlo phantsi kweempembelelo incindi host yokwetyisa. Kwakhona ukoyika kwezinye exposure iimeko imichiza.

Okulandelayo lo hypodermis. Esi sikhumba senziwe of protoplasm. Phantsi kulo izihlunu longitudinal. Bona ezahlulwe sisithuba a yimivumbo eyahlukileyo.

iiseli Muscle kuquka iinxalenye ezimbini:

• cancellable;
• plasma.

Abamele ziintshulube umlomo lokuvula ephambi komzimba. It olunga- epithelium abangekhoyo. Ukongeza enyama yangaphakathi, kubekho fluid esiswini. Kwezinye iintlobo, ukuze abe iipropati ezinetyhefu. Yavelisa a xi enkulu inika inkxaso emandla kwisingxobo kwezihlunu. Kubalulekile kwakhona ngokwemiqathango ukutya.

Uphawu amile iquka iimpawu ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba amaziko hematopoiesis nokudandatheka zokuphefumla kwezi zidalwa abangekhoyo. Breathability benza ngalo integument. Iifom olwaye lwamfimfitha nangazo zonke akwazi ukuphila ingekho i-oksijini.

buphindwe

Kwiimeko ezininzi, abameli ziintshulube - eziphilayo dioecious. Ngenxa kule inzala zeyantlukwano ezahlukeneyo izakhi zabo. Kuba abantu luphawulwa ekuthiwa dimorphism ngokwesini, oko kukuthi, amadoda musa bafana iimazi imbonakalo.

Development wenziwa ngokungathanga ngqo. Kukho isigaba mibungu. ingafuneki ukutshintsha umnikazi. uhlobo kokukhulelwa - lwangaphakathi.

Izitho kunye nenkqubo luvo

luvo

It ibhekisa kudidi amanyathelo. Libizwa ngokuba "ortogon". umqala Special eziyingqongileyo ring-luvo. Kukho iingcambu 6 luvo lokuba ukwandisa emva naphambili. Phakathi kwabo, livelise kakhulu - amanakani okuba kunye ventral. Bona eziqhagamshelene kwo.

ingqondo

Ezifumanekayo izitho selungu lokuva kunye nengqiqo imichiza, oko kukuthi, iimpethu uyakwazi ukubona amavumba. Amehlo kule ndlela yakudala yokuba ngoku babo nabameli free-ophilileyo.

Kukho iiklasi eziliqela, kodwa amaninzi kakhulu ke nematodes. Ukuba umntwana wakho iya kwibakala 7, ziintshulube baya kufundwa kule program eziphilayo. abameli zemveli, babonwa esikolweni:

• amile;
• pinworms.

Amile. yeempawu ezibonakalayo

Uhlobo lokuqala ziimpethu ukhokela ubomi obusekelwe ekumfimfitheni kwaye uhlala emathunjini amancinci. Helminth ufikelela ubude ngeesentimitha ukuya ku-40. Imazi unako ukubeka ngaphezu kwamawaka 200. Amaqanda ngosuku. uphuhliso lwabo akunakwenzeka ingekho i-oksijini. aba bahamba kunye esingxotyeni salo sokuzikhusela ilahlwe ngokwemaleko eziliqela. Ngaphakathi ke imibungu. Maxa wambi yokuthembeka kwazo igcinwa ukuya kwiminyaka-10.

Ngezwi ohlaselo nococeko kwenzeka, okt ungcoliseko. Kulo mzekelo, amaqanda iwele kwisisu ngomlomo ukusuka kumphezulu iziqhamo ezingahlanjwanga kunye nemifuno, ngokunjalo izandla. Konke oku kubonisiwe kwisifundo "Biology". Ziintshulube Akuyomfuneko utshintsho abanini kuphuhliso.

Kanye emathunjini Imibungu ziyaphuma amaqanda. Bona lula ukungena inwebu yangaphakathi kwaye angene kumlanjana igazi. Emva koko, bafumana kungena entliziyweni ukuya emiphungeni. Ukusuka apho baye bronchi kunye noqhoqhoqho. Ngeli xesha lo mntu ukukhohlela esiphawuliweyo.

ezidla Ukuhambisa ingahlala ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-12. Lonke eli xesha beya bekhula kwaye unokuluguqula na ulusu ezininzi zazo. Emva kwakhona nghena emathunjini amancinci, baya kuqhubeka bekhula iinyanga ezintathu. Emva kweli xesha, iimpethu babe abadala. Ngamnye kubo ohlala 1 ngonyaka.

Ezi ntlobo ze ziintshulube ziyingozi kuba bakufikise ngobuthi emzimbeni. Ukunxila kwenzeka phantsi kweempembelelo izinto eziyityhefu ziziphumo msebenzi ubalulekileyo gazi. Ngapha koko, emva kokungena amalungu ascaris ukusetshwa eyenza ukuba umonakalo.

Pinworm. Iimpawu ze amile

Enye iklasi ummeli - pinworm. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku uhlala ikholoni. Luphawulwa ubungakanani omncinane. Iimazi ezinkulu kuno abangamadoda baze kufika 12 mm. Usulelo lwenziwa ngendlela efanayo xa ascarids.

Isizathu ayehlasela - ukunqongophala yezempilo. Ukuba kakubi wahlamba izandla zabo emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, ezi ntlobo ziintshulube kusichukumisa kwinkqubo wakho lula. isilumkiso Kufuneka kusetyenziswa ngexesha kwiindawo zoluntu.

Ukuba amaqanda pinworm ukufumana phantsi lezikhonkwane, kulula ukungena emlonyeni. Emva kweeyure 6, kuvela ezidla aba. Kanye apha emathunjini amancinci, baya bafudukele ofisi yayo yokugqibela. Emva kwenye kweentsuku ezili-14, loo maphalo aqale nokuzala. Mntu ngamnye akahlali ngaphezu kwenyanga. Kodwa ukuba kukho kuphindwe self-HIV, isifo zilibaziseke. Ngamanye amaxesha, iyabhabha namaphela usengathwala amaqanda helminth.

Ixabiso ubomi kunye nendalo jikelele,

Uhlobo bubonakaliswe izitshabalalisi nje kuphela, kodwa zamarhamncwa. Izityalo - ziintshulube yokuhlala ezilandelayo iintlobo:

• anyanisi;
• beet;
• kwengqolowa;
• Potato.

Zilwanyana kuba nefuthe ngxelo imbi ekukhuleni kwezityalo. Ngenxa nemveliso yazo yehliswe kunene.

Phakathi data ekhoyo ingafunyanwa zeBRT detritus. umthombo ukudla nabo iintsalela organic, wamatye. ezo ntshulube abanenxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo ekubunjweni emhlabeni.

Apho kukho nematodes?

Ukuze ufumane kubo ingabi kunzima njengoko kubonakala. Ukuba ngebhaqo uzifumana ngaphandle kwedolophu, hamba uye emlanjeni elikufutshane okanye echibini. Nikelani ingqalelo esantini, ibekwe elunxwemeni. Ezi zidalwa afunyanwa rhoqo kuwo. Kwakhona efanelekileyo ukukhangela neziqu imithi kunye amanzi endala. Oku kwakhona indawo yemvelo ziintshulube.

Ezinye iintlobo bahlala lona lisiza. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba inokufumaneka phantse kuyo yonke indawo. Ngamnye kubo unikezelo layo igunya lakhe. Ngaphandle koku, akukho mfuneko yokuba yindlala. Umntu wemba esantini yaye ukhangela iintsholongwane kunye namanye nzima ukutsala amanzi ayo zezityalo.

nabo ubomi ziintshulube ehlathini. Ukuze ufumane kuzo, kufuneka eze apha semvula. Ukuba ukhetha, ungakwazi ukuthatha nje intwana moss okanye ulele, kwaye zinokuwehlisa emanzini. wena ngokuqinisekileyo uya kufumana khona bale hlobo.

Kodwa njani atya, ukuba emhlabeni okanye izityalo iqulethe ukufuma ngokwaneleyo? Bona babe nenkxaso yokhuseleko yendalo. Xa moss iyoma, nematodes nobusika. Ngaloo ndlela aqhubeke ephila. Loo imeko kuyimfuneko ukuze ndikhwele ngaphandle ngempumelelo maxesha anzima. Kunjalo wathi loo maphalo, apho silindele ukuba umnini omtsha. Baya kuba esebenzayo kuphela xa iimeko ziya kwamkeleka ubomi.