Imithombo yamandla. Inkcazelo

Imithombo yamanzi ne-energy ithathwa njengesiseko somsebenzi wezoqoqosho wanamhlanje kweli lizwe. Ngeli xesha, eli shishini liyi-polluter enkulu yendalo. Ngokukodwa, igalelo elibi elingqongileyo kummandla linikezelwa ngophula kweoli kunye namalahle ngeendlela ezivulekileyo.

Izixhobo zamandla aseRashiya zibhekwa njengezona zikhokela kwiofisi yezoqoqosho kweli lizwe. Ubuchwepheshe obuphambili kwi-extraction kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphathekayo ze-hydrocarbon zetyenziswe kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphuhliswa kweli shishini. Kwiimeko zanamhlanje, akunakwenzeka ukwenza ngaphandle kwabo. Oku kubangelwe kumgangatho ophezulu ukhuphiswano, ngenxa yokuba kuyimfuneko ukukhangela lonke ixesha iifom ezisebenzayo zeenkqubo zokuvelisa ngokwazo, kunye neendlela zokwenza ummiselo.

Iimithombo zamanzi zibhekisela kwiinkqubo ezinzima zokuvelisa kunye nokukhutshwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuthutha, ukusetyenziswa nokusabalalisa.

Uphuhliso lolu shishino luxhomekeke kubukhulu bezobugcisa kunye nezoqoqosho, umlinganiselo, ukuguqulwa kwemveliso yentlalo, imboni kwindawo yokuqala. Ngokuhambelana nemimiselo yombutho wenkundla yombutho ekubhekiselele kuwo, indawo ehambelana nemithombo yezinto ezibonakalayo yimiqathango ephambili eyenziwa yoshishino. Izibonelelo zamandla eziphumelelayo zibhekwa njengesiseko sokwakhiwa kwemimandla eyahlukeneyo yokuvelisa, ukuchonga udidi lwabo kwiinkampani ezinamandla zamandla. Abathengi abakhulu basemaphandleni aseYurophu aseRashiya. Ngexesha elifanayo malunga neepesenti ezingamashumi asibhozo zeendawo zokuhlala ezihlala kwimimandla yasempuma. Oku kubeka uluhlu lwezothutho, oluye lwachaphazela iindleko zemveliso.

Imithombo yamandla inikwe umsebenzi obalulekileyo wokwenza isithili. Ngoko, kufuphi nemithombo yabo kukho ukuphuhliswa kweziseko ezinamandla ezichaphazela kakuhle imboni, uphuhliso lweendawo zokuhlala kunye nezixeko. Ngexesha elifanayo, malunga ne-90% ekhulwini lokukhupha i-greenhouse emissions, inxalenye yesithathu yemichiza eyingozi ekungeneni kwamanzi, iwa ngokuchanekileyo kule candelo lemveliso.

Inkomfa yamandla ibonakaliswe ngophuhliso lwezakhiwo zophuhliso, olumelelwe ngendlela yeepayipi. Zenzelwe ukuthuthwa kwegesi yendalo, iimveliso zeoli.

Izibonelelo zamandla zixhamene ngokubanzi kunye neendlela ezininzi zoqoqosho lukazwelonke. Ukukhutshwa kwabo, ukuhanjiswa kwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kweemveliso zedolophu, isakhiwo somatshini. Phantse ama-30 ekhulwini lwemithombo yezemali isetyenziselwa ukuphuhliswa kobunzima bamandla kunye namandla. Amasebe alo mkhakha wolawulo anikezela ngokumalunga ne-30% yemveliso yeziveliso.

Ngobunzima bamandla kunye namandla anxulumene ngqo nenhlalakahle yabemi beli lizwe. Ukuphuhliswa kweli shishini kwenza kube lula ukujamelana neengxaki ezifana nokungasebenzi kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Okwangoku, eRussia isebenzisa amabhizinisi angaphezu kwamakhulu amabini, isebenzisa abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezimbini.