Ziziphi iimpawu ze-meningitis ezifunyenweyo?

Emva kokuba oogqirha be-Middle Ages baphoqelelwe ukuba bafumane ukuxilongwa, bekhokelwa kuphela ngezikhalazo kunye nezo mpawu, ezenziwa ngabaososayensi abanobulumko. Kwaye kwanokuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela sasisetyenziswe, esekelwe kwisampula somchamo yesithandwa somguli: umchamo omnandi - izinga eliphezulu leswekile egazini. Kamva, iindlela ezahlukahlukeneyo zenzelwe ukunceda ugqirha ukuxilongwa, kubandakanywa uphando lweebhoratri. Ukususela ngoko, ezininzi izifo ziye zachazwa, kwaye ezinye iimpawu zingaphumelela phantsi kwezifo ezininzi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nokonyango.

Kutheni le ntsingiselo? Ukuze ufumane impendulo yombuzo: "Ziziphi iimpawu zesifo se-meningitis?", Awuzange ulibale ukuba uthathe okanye wenze ukuxilongwa, okuqinisekisiweyo kuphela ngesiseko sokutshitshiswa kwe-lumbar. Iimpawu kunye neempawu eziza kubangela ukugqithiswa ziya kuchazwa ngezantsi.

Kutheni i-lumbar ikhefu?

I-Meningitis i-serous and purulent. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngaphandle kokugqithiswa, akunakwenzeka ukuhlula, okona unyango lwezi zimbini ezihlukeneyo zesifo luhluke kakhulu. Nangona ubukho bobuqhetseba obunzima buthetha ukuba umntu uye wakhula i-meningitis. Oku kunokuthetha nje ukuba umntu une-meningococcal (ingaphantsi kwe-pneumococcal okanye i- hemophilic- induced ) i- sepsis, apho i-meningitis ikhula ngokuphantse, kodwa kungekhona into yokuba ngoku. Isifo esifanayo sinobungozi kwaye singenayo i-meningitis, ngoko ke xa ubona ukukhawuleza okanye umntu ovela kwiintsapho zakho, ungachitheli ixesha lokufunda iimpawu ze-meningitis, zibiza i-ambulensi.

Ukongezelela, ngokugqithiswa, i-cerebrospinal fluid iya kuthathwa, inxalenye yayo iya kuthunyelwa kwisifundo se-bacteriologist, ngokwemihla engama-3-5 kuya kucacisa ukuba yiyiphi i-microbe eyabangela ukuba isifo kunye naluphi uhlobo lwe-antibiotics lufanelekile ukutshintsha unyango olukhoyo. Ukuba i-serous meningitis izimisele, i-0.5 ml ye-CSF ingathunyelwa kwi-genome kwi-herpes simplex virus, i-cytomegalovirus kunye ne-Epstein-Barr iintsholongwane, ezizona zifo ezisongela ubomi be-meningitis.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-meningitis?

Esi sifo sinokuqala ngeengxaki ze- catarrhal: ukukhwehlela, impumlo yebhola, ukudibanisa kwamanzi, ukuphefumula emqaleni. Iimpawu zokuqala zokufumana i-microbe emzimbeni (ezi zibonakaliso zesifo se-meningitis) zingabangela ukunyuka kokushisa komzimba, ubuthathaka, ukuphazamiseka, ukuphazamiseka kwezinto ezingafaniyo okanye izibonakaliso ezinxulumene nokusuleleka kwintsholongwane ka-HIV: imasel, rubella, inkukhu yenkukhu. Ngamanye amaxesha ekuqaleni kwesi sifo sinokuhlambalaza i-otitis, sinusitis okanye i-phlegmon tisses ezinobuso okanye umhlathi.

Iimpawu zokuqala ze-meningitis zi:

- ukuvela kweentloko ezinamandla kwiitempile, ebunzini okanye kuyo yonke intloko; Intlungu ikhula kunye nokunyuka, ukujika intloko. Unako ukukhulisa ngezandi ezivakalayo, ukukhanya (photophobia), ucinezela kwiibhola. Intlungu enjalo isuswe ngezilwanyana zokubulala i-anesthetic okokuqala ngethuba elifutshane, kwaye emva koko liye laphela ukuphendula kubo;

Ukunyuka komzimba komzimba: luphawu - ukufikelela kumanani aphakamileyo, kodwa akusoloko kunjalo: yonke into incike kwi-microbe kunye nombuso wendalo, inkqubo yayo yokukhusela;

- ubuthathaka, ubuthathaka, ukulala;

- ukwanda kwengqondo yesikhumba: ukuchukumisa ngokuqhelekileyo isigulane akubi.

- isicasiso, ukuhlanza ngaphandle kokuxhamla nokutya okufunyenweyo kwangaphambili.

Kubantwana abancinci, iimpawu zokuqala zesifo se-meningitis zingaba zizithiyo zokukhala, ukuxhalaba, ukulahlwa kwesifuba, ukunyuka kwefonti enkulu. Usana luba lukhulu okanye lulele kangangokuthi kunzima ukumvusa, kuthatha intloko kunye nentloko yakhe iphonswe ekhongweni, iphikisana ukuba uyayithatha. Ngamanye amaxesha uphawu olulodwa lwe-meningitis kumntwana lunokubamba ingxaki ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yokungabi nomkhuhlane.

Ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliso ze-meningitis kubantu abadala :

- ukuphulwa kwengqondo: oku kungenakwanela malunga nemvelaphi yenkxalabo, leyo yatshintshwa yinkxalabo yokuqwashisa ukuya kwi-coma, xa umntu engaphenduli kwintetho eqinile;

- ukuxhamla: ngokumalunga nemvelaphi ye-meningitis, nazo zivela kubantu abadala;

- delirium;

- hallucinosis;

- jongene necala kunye nentloko eguqulwayo kunye nemilenze egobileyo.

Ukwelashwa kwamagciwane: iimpawu

I-Meningococcus yimizimba kuphela ye-pathogen, eyadluliselwa ngamaconsi aphuma kumgulane nge-meningitis, inokubangela ukuba i-meningitis kwenye yomntu (ngenxa yamanye ama-microbes iimeko zengxubeba).

Kwimizi ye-meningococcal meningitis, iimpawu ezichazwe ngasentla ziyimpawu. Ziyakubonakala zimbini kunye neentsuku ezingama-1-2 emva kokuqala kokubanda okubangelwa yimpembelelo kwimvelaphi yezinto ezinxilisayo kunye nokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa.

Olunye uphawu olwenzeka kwi-meningococcal meningitis lungaba ngumonakalo. Kubizwa ngokuba yimpembelelo, oko kukuthi, ngenxa yokungeniswa kwegazi lesikhumba (kufuneka ndixelele ukuba ukufakwa okunjalo kubonakala kwizitho zangaphakathi, kubandakanywa izilonda ze-adrenal kunye nengqondo).

Rash:

A) iphakama ngaphezu kwesikhumba;

B) ungaguquki xa ulula ulusu phantsi kwalo okanye ucinezela ngeglasi (umzekelo, iglasi);

C) ayifuni;

D) ngokuqhelekileyo iqalisa ngamagqabi, ngoko-imilenze, iziphambili, izandla kunye neenyawo, ngokusasazeka kwandiswa kuwo wonke umzimba;

E) ibonakaliswe ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziliqela kunye nokuvela kwe-necrosis-indawo yelikhumba elifile.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-meningitis ezihlolwe ngugqirha?

1. Ubunzima bemisipha yentamo. Kwimeko eqhelekileyo (ukuba akukho ntsholongwane yesibeletho somlomo wesibeleko) kwisimo esifanelekileyo umntu unokufumana i-chin yakhe kwi-sternum. Ukuba oku akunakwenzeka, uphawu lubhekwa luhle.
2. Ukuba, xa uhlola uphawu lokuqala, imilenze iyaguqa ngamadolo kwaye idonsa kwisisu, oku kungabonisa ukuba i-meningitis.
3. Akunakwenzeka ukuguqa umlenze emadolweni, ngaphambili wayeguqa ngamadolo kunye namajoni okuqhawula.
4. Xa ucinezela amathambo phezu kwe-pubic, imilenze iyagoba.
5. Abantwana bavavanyelwe le mpawu esikhundleni sezithuba zangaphambili: bathabatha intonga yakhe, bebambe intloko, bethwala imilenze kwisifuba kwaye bagcina (ngokuqhelekileyo umntwana uhambisa imilenze, ugoba kwaye angabikho).