Abantu kwamanye amazwe, ngaphandle eRashiya. Imizekelo Russia kunye namanye amazwe izizwe zehlabathi

Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwabemi ezahlukeneyo, ohlala malunga 5000 iintlanga ezahlukeneyo ehlabathini lonke. Uninzi lwazo ezininzi. Yohlanga zingahlukaniswa nje kuphela inani labameli, kodwa ulwimi.

yabantu Afrika

inani elikhulu amaqela eentlanga abahlala kummandla Afrika. Xa kuthelekiswa ne Black lelizwekazi abantu kwamanye amazwe azikho ezahlukahlukeneyo kangaka. Ngokomzekelo, eNigeria inani ifikelela 250. Izizwe inkulu Nigerian - Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo.

Xa zizonke, Afrika kwizizwe ezahlukeneyo ezimalunga nama-50. 24 ezi ntlanga akhawunti malunga 86% yetotali yenani labafundi bebonke ye-Black kwiZwekazi lonke. Ukongeza, ngamnye iintlanga ukuthetha ulwimi lwabo. Arabic kuphela kungekho ngaphandle. Oku oluthethwa phantse isahlulo sesihlanu Afrika.

Ikoloni elidlulileyo

Afrika lizwekazi, apho de kutshanje yayilawulwa ngabantu bamanye amazwe. Ixesha elidlulileyo yobukoloniyali ziviwa kuyo yonke indawo. Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi bamathanga yaseYurophu bawuphanga impahla yabantu basekuhlaleni, xhaphaza ngenxa yenzuzo. Kuwa kule nkqubo yaqala kuphela kwiintsuku emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Abemi belizwekazi Black - malunga 250 yezigidi zabantu. Xa sithelekisa nezizwe yamanye amazwe ehlabathini kuyenzeka ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwabantu.

Ukuhlelwa zabantu baseAfrika

abantu Afrika zahlulwe ngokweendidi isekelwe aliphi iilwimi. A Inani enkulu lweelwimi zaseAfrika zinokudityaniswa zibe ngamaqela amakhulu nomini - iintsapho. Le iilwimi iza kuquka nezo lwimi babe lweengcambu. Zonke kweli lizwekazi, kukho amaqela amakhulu kweelwimi ezininzi. Le uBantu, Afro-zaseAsiya, mande, Nilotic. Umzekelo, eMntla Afrika bahlala nabantu, ukuthetha ngeelwimi Afro-Asia. Olu didi lubandakanya Cushitic kunye neyabemi laseMelika. Xa ngundoqo lizwekazi kunye wasezantsi umiwe ngabantu, ukunxibelelana ngolwimi zeqela Bantu.

Kuphela VII-XI eminyaka. e Afrika Arabhu. Izizwe awayengabemi kummandla weSahara kunye Maghreb Kwamandulo,-mbali bamandulo babebizwa namaLibhiya. Phambi kokuba ukoyisa Arab kummandla phantsi, bethetha ulwimi zeqela neyabemi. Bafudukela apha ezizweni Arab kwinkulungwane XI ekuthiwa Hilal kunye Sulaym nzulu ngokumangalisayo indlela wobomi Berbers basekuhlaleni. Bomthonyama esamkelwa Islam, baqalisa ukulima ngathi Arabhu. Common waba zalapho. Kunqabile ukuba abantu abakwamanye amazwe yayingeyonxalenye ngomlinganiselo ofanayo ukuba Arabhu kunye Berbers ngoku. Phakathi kuzo phantse akunakwenzeka ukuba ukrwele umgca ecacileyo. Ngaphezu koko, inkqubo wokuxuba amaqela amabini uhlanga kakhulu kakhulu kwinkulungwane yokugqibela isiqingatha.

yobudala lokuthelekisa lenqaba uhlanga kunye nezinye izizwe

Ngokutsho kwezinye iingxelo, imeko Kievan Rus ezavelayo BC ngenkulungwane VI. e. Ezinye iinzululwazi zikholelwa ukuba Slavic karhulumente kwavela indlela yorhwebo yamandulo ebizwa ngokuba 'ukusuka Vikings ukuya namaGrike "kunyaka 862, xa ubulawuli odumileyo ubukhosi Russian. Abantu abaninzi ungathanda ukuba ukoluka imbali yabo. Noko ke, kukho abo "yobudala" ogama ayikho uyathandabuza - enyanisweni, sele bebadala kakhulu iqela Slavic uhlanga. abantu yamandulo kwamanye amazwe, ngaphandle Russia - na Armenia, amaYuda, Asiriya, Basques, koysantsy.

Armenia - Haik impucuko ukumkani

ethnos Armenian kugqalwa oyena mncinane phakathi kwezinye izizwe bamandulo. Nangona kunjalo, xa kwimbali Armenia unexplored kakhulu. Kude ekupheleni XIX mbali benkulungwane babekholelwa ukuba uhlanga Armenian imvelaphi yayo kukumkani Ike, apho umntu wambu amavo. Ike bokuqala bagqiba ekubeni delimit imida karhulumente entsha kummandla Ararati. Ndikholelwa ukuba egameni ukumkani Ike and self Armenia - "high".

Okwangoku, yamkela inguqulelo eyahlukileyo ngemvelaphi Armenia. Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba ookhokho babo - iimpukane urumeytsy - abantu ekuhlaleni kwinkulungwane XII BC. e., kwanangaphambi kokuba yasekwa umHeti karhulumente. Abantu kwamanye amazwe apho Armenia wayehlala ebumelwaneni - kungcono Urartu kunye Luvians. Ezinye izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba imvelaphi yobuhlanga Armenian kufuneka kufunwe phakathi ubungqina yobukumkani Hurrian, wamzalela igama Armagh-Shubiya.

amaJuda

AmaYuda basekhona abantu omnye, ogama imbali ubuyela eminyaka. Iimfihlelo ngaphambili amaYuda kungekho ngaphantsi kwe imbali Armenia. Ukuze ixesha elide kwakucingwa ukuba ingqikelelo ye olu hlanga alukho uhlanga, kodwa kunokuba zonqulo. Phakathi mpikiswano izazinzulu abaziingwanyalala malunga into oyenzayo - enye bucala amahlelo zonqulo, isebe maleko ekuhlaleni, okanye mhlawumbi abantu abazimeleyo. Ngokutsho umthombo ongundoqo wonqulo lwamaYuda - iTestamente Endala - amaYuda aba inzala ka-Abraham, ababevela isixeko eMesopotamiya saseUre.

Ekunye noyise wakhe, uAbraham bafudukela "kwilizwe lesithembiso" - ezweni lakwaKanan. Emva koko, wathabatha ilizwe zezizwe abahlala kufutshane, owathi, ngokutsho legend, kwakukho inzala kaNowa. Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba abantu yamaYuda iya emva BC II kwiwaka. e. - ngoko ke kwasekwa ibe iqela elahlukileyo zezizwe kwamaJuda. "Izihlobo" ikufutshane amaYuda ngolwimi zizizwe wama-Amori, kunye namaFenike.

Inguqulelo zale mihla ngemvelaphi yamaYuda

Hayi kudala wabonakala ngenxa kuphuhliso yenzululwazi kunye neembono ezintsha kwi imvelaphi yamaYuda. Izazinzulu ucazululo yemfuza amaqela amakhulu amathathu uhlanga lwamaYuda. Ashkenazi (ayehlala eMelika naseYurophu) ziye uphando, Mizrahim (abemi yakuMbindi Mpuma kunye naseMntla Afrika) kunye Sephardim (abahlala Iberia). Ndafumanisa ukuba zonke ezi iintlanga babe genetics efanayo. Oku kuqinisekisa imvelaphi yazo ukusuka kumthombo eqhelekileyo. Isiphelo ezirhuqwa zizazinzulu - izinyanya amaYuda ekuqaleni wahlala eMesopotamiya. Ukwahlukana yenzekile ngexesha lokulawula kaKumkani uNebhukadenetsare.

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga amaYuda

Russia kunye namanye amazwe izizwe zehlabathi ezininzi ukunganqondwa amaYuda. Enye kakhulu kukuba le ncwadi zonqulo engundoqo amaYuda weTestamente eNdala. Eneneni, incwadi engcwele kubo - oku neTalmud. Unqulo yamaYuda amasebe amaninzi - i kwicala Orthodox, loHlaziyo, elondoloza. Noko ke, onke amakholwa zisetyenziswa incwadi engundoqo neTalmud.

imvelaphi yamaYuda nguye Hristoforu Kolumbu. Oku kungqinwa amaxwebhu eziliqela. Sam esasihamba naye ngokuphindaphindiweyo okhankanywe omelwe ukwenziwa kwabantu bamaYuda. Ukuze abantu bamanye amazwe kunye nenzala wayenokufunda ngohambo, Columbus waqhubeka idayari navigation. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba imigca yokuqala ukhankanya ngembali ukugxothwa amaYuda avela eSpeyin. Kwakhona, utyikityo xa ngokuthanda Columbus ezinye izazinzulu esikholelwa ezenziwe ngesiHebhere.

abantu Asiriya

Yeyiphi isekhona abantu bamandulo kwamanye amazwe? Uluhlu siqhubeka Asiriya: aba bantu, mhlawumbi nokuba yamandulo ngakumbi amaYuda. Bavela mhlawumbi kwi-IV-II nkulungwane BC AmaYuda bayinzala abantu West isiJuda. I-Asiriya yayinjalo nabameli Semites wasentla. abameli Modern yeqela Asiriya uhlanga bazijonge kwinzala yimpucuko yamandulo. Ezinye izazinzulu abavumelani nalo le mbono. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba izinyanya baseAsiriya mihla ke Aram.

Chinese

Kukho abantu kwamanye amazwe, ngaphandle eRashiya, ezahluke ubudala, kwaye inani kubameli bazo. Enye amaqela ezinjalo Chinese uhlanga. Bazibiza "abantu kaHananiya." Chinese benza malunga ne-19% yabantu kwihlabathi lilonke. Ukuqala impucuko, uthathwa Han V-III nkulungwane BC Zokuhlala yokuqala kwakhiwa entilini kwiYellow River. Ukwenziwa iqela Chinese uhlanga waye kakhulu ifuthe abantu bamanye amazwe. Zibhale ibandakanya abameli kugqatso Mongoloid: i eTibet, Indonesia, Thais. Bonke zahluke ngokwesithethe sabo. Noko ke, namhlanje, i-Chinese ke inzala ngqo impucuko enkulu kaHananiya.

Basques

Ezi Basques i umzekelo abantu bamanye amazwe ndingenguye kokusingqongileyo ulwimi yaseYurophu Indo-. nokuhlaliswa Great kwezizwe yaqala BC IV nkulungwane Ngoku iqela iilwimi zaseYurophu Indo-ziyindlela zonxibelelwano phantse wonke abaMhlophe. Ezi nketho ke Basques - imvelaphi yabo akufani njengoko abantu bamanye amazwe. Uluhlu, ukongeza eRashiya kunye kumazwe aseYurophu, kunye research wafanisa uhlanga, njengoko Basques, omkhulu. Noko ke, abaphandi wafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba Basques - abantu bamandulo, abo ulwimi akazalani naliphi na iqela lolwimi yaseYurophu Indo-. Yezizathu ke zachongwa iqela eyahlukileyo uhlanga, malunga 16 namawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo, ngexesha Paleolithic.

Koysantsy

Kodwa Basques - hayi ngabantu yokugqibela samandulo kwamanye amazwe. Uluhlu, ngaphandle iRashiya (okanye, ngaphezulu ncam, izizwe Slavic), amaYuda, Asiriya, IsiTshayina, IsiBasque kwaye kuxhaswa yi Khoisan. Izazinzulu ziqikelela ukuba koysantsy wabonakala malunga 100 thous. Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. Eli qela enkulu uhlanga bobabo abantu Afrika zithetha 'ngokunqakraza' iilwimi ezingaqhelekanga. Ngu koysantsam ezi ngabaThwa kunye Hottentots.

Abaphandi bagqiba kwelokuba koysantsy yokuqala bahlukana kumthi efanayo yabantu zomyalelo 100 lamawaka. Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. Ngamanye amazwi, oku kwenzeka phambi kwabantu yalungisa kwilizwekazi Black kwihlabathi jikelele. sizwe kwiminyaka 43 engamawaka eyadlulayo koysantsev unenzondelelo olunye utshintsho - ukuba zahlulwe izizwe basentla nobasezantsi. Ezinye izizwe zabathwa igcinwe imvelaphi yabo. Okunye ixubene ekufuphi izizwe Bantu. Uhlalutyo yezofuzo ye-DNA koysantsev ibonisa ukuba zahluke kwezinye iintlanga. Baye bafumanisa zofuzo abajongene unyamezelo ephakamileyo emzimbeni, ukuba sesichengeni kwelanga.