Abaqambi basePoland kunye namanqanaba omphuhliso womculo

Abantu abaninzi abanetalente bahlala ePoland. Ukusuka apho bayaziwa abaculi, abaculi kunye nabaculi. Abaninzi bethu baye bakuva amagama abo.

Abaqambi basePoland baziwa kwihlabathi lonke kwiXIXX. Ngaloo ndlela uChopin wayehlala kwaye esebenza. Emva kwakhe, ezininzi zamagama eziPolesi zabhalwa kwimbali yomculo wehlabathi. Makhe sithethe ngezona zidumileyo.

Ukusebenzisa i-folklore yasePoland

Akunakwenzeka ukuqala ibali malunga nabaqambi beli lizwe ngaphandle kokukhankanya uCopin. Wazalelwa kufuphi neWarsaw, waza waphela ubomi bakhe eParis. Umqambi owaziwayo wasePoland nomdlali wepiyano bakhumbula isiko lehlabathi kunye nemisebenzi yakhe, ngoku idlalwa ngabadlali bepiyano emhlabeni wonke. Ngomsebenzi wakhe uCopin wasebenzisa ipolklore yasePoland kunye nee-motif zothando. Wayephawuleka ngocwangciso lwakhe lokudlala iipiyano, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngabadlali bepiyano baseYurophu.

Kamva kwinqanaba elifanayo omnye umqambi waselo lizwe waqala ukubhala imisebenzi yakhe - uStanislav Moniuszko. Ngekhulu le-19, babhala ii-opharetha zelizwe kunye neengoma ezinokuthi zivezwe kwinqanaba. Uninzi lwemisebenzi yakhe lungavalelwa kwiMidlalo yeMoniuski.

Indlela umculo washintsha ngayo iMfazwe Yehlabathi Yesibili

Kuze kube ngo-1939, abaqambi basePoland babesebenze kwaye basebenzisana ngokusebenzisana nabo basebenzeleni kwamanye amazwe. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, kwadalwa imincintiswano edumileyo, eyanika ihlabathi abantu abaninzi abatsha. Ngaloo ndlela, uDmitry Shostakovich wenza iqonga lakhe kwiKhintano yeChopin eWarsaw.

Ngaphambi kokuqhambuka kweMfazwe Yehlabathi Yesibili, umculo ogqithisileyo kunye ocacileyo wawucinezelekile kwaye unengqondo. Wonke umntu wayenalo igama elithi Karol Shimanovsky. Ibhola lakhe elithi "Harnassy" laduma ngeli xesha kwiYurophu. Kwakusasava iinjongo ze-folklore, kodwa akukho mbala wezopolitiko.

Kungenxa yezopolitiko abaqambi abaninzi basePoland bafudukela kwamanye amazwe emva kokuba imfazwe iqale. Abazange bafune ukukhawulela ngokwenza ubuchule kwaye babhale umculo ngomhla othile. Nangona kunjalo, kwanaxesha elinzima, kwakukho abantu ababeyazi indlela yokulwa nolawulo lwezopolitiko: uGrazyna Batsevich, uLjutoslavsky noBollala Shabelsky. UWoldold Lutoslawski, nangona emva kokuphela kwemfazwe, akazange atshintshe indlela awayeyithandayo emsebenzini wakhe - ukuthanda uthando. Wabhala imisebenzi elula ngokuvakalayo.

Sonorism

Iintsika zezopolitiko zafika kuphela ngo-1956. Ngelo xesha abaqambi basePoland babe nethuba lokudala ngaphandle kwemithintelo. Amanani amasiko atywesileyo ayenjalo ngelo xesha yayinguTadeusz Biard noKazimierz Serocki. Kodwa abazange balizukise kuphela ilizwe labo, kodwa baqulunqa umthendeleko "iWarsaw Autumn". Kucatshangelwa ukuba iyathandwa kwaye ihloniphekile nanamhlanje.

Abaqambi basePoland abadumile emva kwemfazwe bazama ezininzi ngezwi. Bafuna ukulandela inkcubeko yaseYurophu, ngenxa yeso sihlandlo sokuba "sonorism" yazalwa. Le yindlela ekhethekileyo yokwenza izakhiwo. Kwintliziyo yemisebenzi emitsha yayisetyenzisiwe kuphela. EPoland, ubuchule bokudala ubudala buzalwe. I-flagship kunye nommeli oqaqambileyo walolu hlobo nguKrzysztof Penderecki. Wayesebenzela imisebenzi yakhe kungekuphela nje kweengoma zomculo, kodwa kunye nezandi zendalo, ukukhwabanisa kwerhasi, ukukhwaza kunye nokugodla umatshini wokubhala. Impembelelo yokuqala yoluntu yayimangalisa, kodwa kamva imisebenzi yalo mqambi wangena kwimbali yesiko lomculo wehlabathi.

Wojciech Kilyar kunye ne-minimalism

Umculo wabaqambi basePoland asetyenziswanga kuphela kwisigaba esikhulu. Abalobi abaninzi babhala kwiifilimu kunye neeholide zenkolo. Ubugcisa bokudala buqhubeka bukhona kwii-70. Emva koko uWociciech Kilyar wathola ukuthandwa. Wabhala imisebenzi yakhe kungekhona nje kwiifilimu ezidumileyo zasePoland, kodwa nakwiimidlalo zama-orchestra. Ama-Melomaniacs ehlabathini lonke adumisa inkondlo yakhe ye-avant-garde "Kshesany", ngokubhekiselele kwisikhokelo se-minimalism. Ikwahluke ngobunzima befomu kunye nomxholo. Sekuyiminyaka engamashumi amane umbongo usuhlobo oluthandayo lwabaninzi.

Kamva usebenza nguKilard uhlala ethembekile kwi-minimalism. Abagxeki bathi ulwimi lomculo walo mqambi luyabonakala ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokukhanya okukhethekileyo. Akudingeki ukuba eze neefom ezinzima ukuphumelela abaphulaphuli bakhe. Ngomsebenzi wakhe, uWojciech wasebenzisa ifa lemveli yabantu basePoland. Izingqungquthela ezigqithisileyo zeKylar yezobugcisa ezihlukeneyo zivame ukusetyenziswa kwiifilimi zanamhlanje zasePoland.