Absolutism bakhanyiselwa eRussia

Ngelo kwisigaba esithile uphuhliso kumazwe aseYurophu kukho ezithile uhlobo karhulumente, ebizwa "absolutism bakhanyiselwa." Ukukhanya iingcamango kwaba nempembelelo enkulu malunga nokumiselwa kunye nophuhliso absolutism bakhanyiselwa.

absolutism ukukhanyiselwa eRashiya wazama ukuba bakhusele imiba efana nokungalingani, indima kakhulu yeCawa kwintsimi kweyabo i nalwazelelelo koogunyaziwe. absolutism bazi ukuba ezisekelwe ubukhulu becala kwiziphumo umgaqo "amalungelo endalo" Mntundini, ezifana ukulingana, inkululeko, ilungelo kwipropati yabucala.

absolutism bakhanyiselwa bekufanele enguqukweni, nto leyo iza kukhokelela ekubeni urhulumente "Umthetho olwamkelweyo" phantsi kwesikhokelo "ngookumkani bakhanyiselwa". absolutism ukukhanyiselwa eRussia ibandakanya ukuphunyezwa efanelekileyo "okulungileyo kawonke", oko kukuthi, ukuchuma kwezoqoqosho, ukhuseleko kwezizwe kunye nobunye kwezentlalo.

Xa Europe alawula siseko absolutism bakhanyiselwa ngamandla Russian ephakamileyo wafuna yotshintsho lizwe, uphuhliso lorhwebo kunye nenkqubela kweli shishini. Yaba kwimfuno enkulu ukuzisa inkqubo yolawulo ngokuthobela kwinqanaba ihlabathi kunye "nomoya amaxesha." Oku ukomeleza amandla mda lo kumkani.

Bazi absolutism eRussia lalisetyenziswa njengendlela yokusombulula iingxabano koluntu kwanokunciphisa imimoya Ingxenye yabemi.

Ukongeza, eRashiya ngexesha ibango indima ekhokelayo eqongeni ngamazwe, ngoko uCatherine II ngononophelo kusetyenziswa amagama kunye ukweyisela kunokuba ugonyamelo.

Kodwa absolutism ukukhanyiselwa eRashiya wazama naziswe kumhlaba ngequbuliso. Society alikafiki liqalelayo wokuthathwa icala kunye nizenza. Kwakungekho zinto zifuneka kuqala zokomoya lenguqu ukuya nkqubo olawula. Ubuninzi abantu ababehlala abangafundanga, ngoohlohlesakhe bezindlu zasebukhosini nababenemihlaba yesizwe phantse non-ezingekhoyo kuluntu ngamadoda waba ngukumkani. Emva kokuba bethintelwe ekuphuhliseni uluntu kunye nohlobo sigqibo. ulawulo ngokupheleleyo elu- zonke iintlobo kubomi, ngubani ndandingasayi kunikeze- kulo naliphi na icala kwamandla abo, kwakhokelela ekubeni absolutism bakhanyiselwa eRussia ludale kakhulu.

Kukholelwa ukuba le ndlela uCatherine II wazama kulahlekisa eYurophu. Ukuba afihle uhlobo lokwenyaniso bamandla ayo - ukuba yintoni injongo. N 2 absolutism bakhanyiselwa - urhulumente udibaniso prodvoryanskogo kunye neengcamango zobunene.

UCatherine II Wabufunda absoljutizma unendima engundoqo. Ngeendlela ezininzi le nkqubo kwakubonisa ngeembono zabo kunye iimpawu uKumkanikazi. Yaba nokuqhubekeka imisebenzi okuqhubekayo kaPetros I, uzama ukomeleza amandla Russian.

UCatherine II yaba nani obalaseleyo yembali. Yena qondisa a umgudu omkhulu ekufundeni Russia: ngokubonakalayo bafundisa ulwimi, imbali nezithethe. Ngelo xesha yena waba nomdla nezimvo French yiEnlightenment. Abanye babo baye bafumana impendulo ngokwenene ukuya ukumkanikazi Russian. Ngoko iimpawu absolutism eRashiya linxibelelene ngokusondeleyo nobuntu bakhe.

UCatherine II wayesazi kakuhle ukuba izikhulu akazange ongazishiyiyo amalungelo kunye nempahla yabo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye wabalahla serfdom. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa yokoyika ukhuseleko lwabo namandla, uKumkanikazi wenza ukhetho esixhasa ubukumkani ngempumelelo, kunokuba ekufezekiseni iingenelo zobunene. Ngenxa yokuba la manyathelo eRashiya kwavalwa ukomeleza lobuzwilakhe ngenxa yotshintsho kweenkqubo zolawulo. Ngelo xesha eyandisiweyo ihambela amalungelo wabanumzana, kubhaliwe chu ajike abe kwiklasi bakhanyiselwa ngokwenene. Ngoncedo iseti amanyathelo eRashiya naa inkcubeko yaseYurophu kunye nemfundo. igunya Russia amazwe ukuba ikhule.