Academician Legasov valeriy Alekseevich: biography, amabhaso

Siya kuba yinxalenye ikhomishini kukarhulumente iChernobyl amandla enyukliya, apho usuku phambi kokuba ngozi yenzeke, Legasov valeriy Alekseevich, uSekela-Mlawuli we-Kurchatov Institute, ukuba akukho ngcamango kwindlela kumaxabiso isiganeko sverhplanetarnogo. Kuya kuhla embalini njenge ntlekele efana ePompeii, kwaye ngokupheleleyo ukutshintsha ubomi bakhe kwaye ingcamango kuyo. Yaye oko kuya kubangela ukufa ubomi kunyaka-52.

amakhasi biography

ekhemisi zondle evela ehlabathini lonke wazalelwa e Tula 01/09/1936, kodwa wafunda eMoscow. Abazali bakhe baba ngabakhonzi ezilula, kunye nonyana wakhe bafaka ithemba kakhulu ziye phezu kwesitulo yesikolo, ndakuba ndikufinyezile oko kunye imbasa yegolide. Njengoko unobhala Komsomol, waba waduma ngenxa yokuba Ndipinde ndawabhala lo yitshata Young Communist League, ukubala okubi ezinye bemiqathango yawo. Kamva ke wakholiseka yobukomanisi kunye iminyaka emashumi mathathu, akuba ithathe air ezamahala 'gqira. "

Ukubhalisa 1956 kwi-Faculty of Physical Chemistry MHTI kubo. Mendeleev (okwangoku RCTU) Legasov valeriy Alekseevich kunye nabo bonke abathatha inxaxheba ufundo kwimibongo B. Ahmadullina, UYevgeny Yevtushenko, Voznesensky, spaceflight abantu bonwabile ocatshulwe wabetha izikrini ifilimu "alithoba Days of Unyaka One". Xa ukulandelwa akhe wenza amagama Kurchatov kunye Korolev. Kumzabalazo, ekupheleni kwesifundo koko wabubhekisa iKomiti Komsomol, bathatha inxaxheba lombutho uMthendeleko of Youth and Abafundi 1957, ngokuthatha igqiza langaphandle.

Wafunda kakhulu kangangokuba emva kokuphumelela wabelwa kwikhosi post-graduate. Kodwa wayishiya unikezelo kwi kwisityalo amachiza e Tomsk, kuba ukwenza njalo nako.

lwesayensi

Ngowe-31 Legasov valeriy Alekseevich waba umfundi, yaye ngowe-36 - udokotela inzululwazi lwekhemikhali, ukwenza iingxaki igesi amanene. Sele uphuhliso 40 kummandla anemichiza ziya kuvavanywa yi-State Prize. Wakhe usebenza 1977-1984 gg. Siye Nizise lo mkhwa uye encotsheni ehlabathini; ngokuba apho mlawuli kunye neqela lakhe zanikwa iwonga liphezulu - i uLenin Prize. Enye into ezijolisa kuyo umsebenzi wakhe inkqubo energotechnological, nto leyo nayo enxulumene kunye neegesi amanene. Ukuqhagamshela inzululwazi, ubuchwepheshe kunye nophuhliso zobunjineli, yena inxaxheba kuphuhliso uhlobo olutsha zepetroli, leyo njengenyathelo elibalulekileyo nokudalwa zamandla zenyukliya.

imiba yokhuseleko kwi shishino yayindikhathaza elide phambi kokuba ingozi eChernobyl. Inkulumo ingqikelelo zero kunye nomngcipheko elamkelekileyo, nayo leyo wadibana ukuqonda kuluntu lwezenzululwazi. Le Isazinzulu waba academician omncinane yiSoviet, ukuba kunyulwa Academy of Sciences ye-USSR kwiminyaka engama-45.

Ukusebenza kwiSebe Chemistry, eMoscow University State, ngowe-1983 waba usekela mlawuli we Kurchatov Institute, elikhokelwa Academician Aleksandrov.

Legasov academician of iChernobyl

April kusasa 26 ka-1986 eMoscow kuxoxwa iziganeko eChernobyl, apho safumana inkcazelo malunga ngengozi. isikali Its akukho namnye babecinga kwi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa of Energy bafumana ezinebhakhowudi nemiqondiso 1,2,3,4, ethetha kokuvela imeko enyukliya, imitha, umlilo kunye nobungozi Uyadubula. Kwi-USSR Commission kaRhulumente phantsi B. E. Shcherbina beza Legasov valeriy Alekseevich. Wayengenguye yesayensi zenyukliya, kodwa wasebenza kukhuseleko, ngoko ke ukhetho bawa phezu kwakhe.

Ukufika kwizithuthi zikarhulumente ku EChernobyl, waza wabona izulu ebomvu, Legasov, efana nabanye abaninzi, ndaqonda ukuba kukho intlekele yokwenene. Xa ufaka flyby le reactor liqhuma ngehelikopta wahlala umbuzo evulekileyo malunga nokwenzeka a dubulo yesibini. Ebonisa isibindi buqu, academician kwi carrier yabasebenzi vehicles, ephethwe imikhosi imichiza, wabagxotha kuyo reactor ukuze uqinisekise ubukho nokukhululwa neutron. Sele ngayo kuloo maxesha lokuqala lokufumana iChernobyl yezizathu wavuka yokuqala 100 X-reyi bakhe.

yokufaneleka lwayo usendleleni yokuba walungiselela ukuba amanyathelo akhawulezileyo, kamva wasindisa ubomi babantu abaninzi, baphikelela ngobungxamo Pripyat, nangona oogqirha bayathandabuza, elinde Imiyalelo evela eMoscow, waququzelela reactor bephosa ngomxube wesanti, ndimalathise, boron, ngokuthi abathintela ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezinemitha mifanekiso. Kodwa khumbula ukuba kwixesha elizayo ukusebenza eli nyathelo ukuba umngeni. Kwimeko apho phantsi eChernobyl Legasov ukuba ningoyiki ukuthetha ngoMeyi 5 kwintlanganiso ye-Politburo nemibuzo kunye neengcebiso ukuphelisa njani imiphumo kwingozi emanyumnyezi, ebonisa umfanekiso yokwenene ntlekele bafuna ukwamkelwa kwinkqubo imveliso.

Intetho ingcali IAEA

Ukususela Ukwakhiwa kwayo iKhomishini le karhulumente yokuqala emva kokuba intlanganiso Politburo e eChernobyl akayi kubuyela mntu kodwa ezifundweni. Uya ubambe iChernobyl iinyanga ezine, ifihla ufundo dosimeter lobuqu, ebonisa inqanaba radiation nguye ngexesha imisebenzi zohlangulo. Waba ke njalo lobunkokheli eli lizwe ukuba ngoyaba iimfuno yenyukliya sokhuseleko olungxamisekileyo isityalo amandla engekho amayeza. Ezi ngqwalasela kwi Politburo yabiza abamthandi M. S. Gorbachova, nangona ukuba uza siphathiswe intsebenzo kule Arhente ekupheleni ehlotyeni eVienna.

Kuye Kulindeleke ukuba iingcali ziya kufuna isohlwayo kweUSSR kunye izibonelelo ngenxa yomonakalo obangelwe ilifu radioactive luqonde Europe. Kodwa nokuvuleleka kunye nobuchule njengababambeleyo iiyure ezintlanu,-nzulu eSoviet, ukutyhila uhlobo oyinyaniso nobungakanani ntlekele, ukulondoloza igama elo lizwe waza waphakamisa iinkxalabo malunga nenkqubo ukhuseleko zonke izityalo amandla enyukliya. Legasov academician iya ingqalelo yi-United States Man of the Year, kodwa uloyiso emva ukusebenza bakhe abangayithandiyo wonke.

sesayensi baiting

Le minyaka mibini idlulileyo Legasova ubomi labasibekela yi imo yempilo, ukunqongophala inkxaso ababesebenza imvelaphi nentiyo kunye ngabandayo nabasemagunyeni ukuwonakalisa sisazinzulu ukuze kupheliswe ngozi eChernobyl. Ezinye iingcali ukusuka kwiziko baqalisa ukuqwalasela ukusebenza Valery njenge beceba Academician Alexandrov, soloko ngokuqinileyo kukhuseleko zamandla zenyukliya. Enyanisweni, Anatoly Petrovich ngokwakhe wayemlwela ngenxa ukwakhiwa kwawo "ukhuseleko iminqwazi", kodwa wanika phantsi xi bezimali, ngokuba ezi zamandla uya kubiza ilizwe ukuya kwi-30% olubiza kakhulu. Akazange va ezingqubana Legasov kwaye kuqala ingxelo ngale mbasa ezayo uSekela Star of the Hero.

Kodwa ukupapashwa kwezintlu amabhaso lokuphelisa nya iChernobyl igama ingozi Academician wayengekho kubo. Kamva wachaza isigqibo kuphela MS Gorbachev ukholelwa ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba ibhaso abameli Kurchatov Institute, ngenxa yokuba "abantu baqonde ntoni." Ngowe-1987, bekukho imeko owenzakalisayo apho Legasova ukuba Umphathiswa kwiBhunga Academic. Uyayiqonda le meko yaye wayefuna ukuba kwiziko recuse, kodwa Alexander wafumanisa ukuba ephosakeleyo ukuba isekela lakhe elingelilo ilungu leBhunga Academic. iziphumo Ukuvota ebanjwa nzulu.

Khohlo, isicaphucaphu, ukulahlekelwa bubuthongo - bonke ubungqina kuphuhliso sifo. Legasov ubunzima emva ukudandatheka kakhulu ngo-1987, ukuthatha libanda kakhulu ipilisi zokulala. Emva koko ke wamhlangula, yaye le nto ingabi kwaziwa kuluntu. Le Isazinzulu waqonda ukuba unolwazi obalulekileyo iChernobyl ntlekele, uzama ukushicilela inqaku lephephandaba "PRAVDA". Amagama ukuyithenga. Njengabo musa ukuxhasa isindululo ekuhlaleni lwenzululwazi nokusekwa kwe-Institute of Safety Nuclear.

Ukufa Legasova academician

Ngomhla olwandulela isikhumbuzo yesibini iChernobyl yentlekele Legasov wamsa kwikhaya a lot of amaphepha. Kodwa ke ningabaniki ingqalelo ngephanyazo ukuba, ucinga ukuba abanye iifoto usapho ngokuhlwa. umfazi noMargarita M. wothuka ngandlel 'ukuba indoda yakhe azange aphendule iifoni eziye koogxa, kodwa abangazange baqhoboshele nayiphi ebaluleke kakhulu. Le zemizi elihamba, unyana wayehlala nentsapho yakhe kunye nabo, lowo kuqala zabuya ngosuku olulandelayo kunye lesidlo sasemini emsebenzini. Ukuba wafumana uyise lokusila ngaphandle inqaku ukuzibulala.

Le mfihlelo yokufa Legasova wafundela yoko, wabeka phambili iinguqulelo ezimbini okubulala kunye nokuxhokonxa ukuzibulala. Umphandi Boris Pogorelov wathi namnye kubo, yaba ayiqinisekiswanga. It Wagxothwa ekuzibulaleni nomonde lithemba emzimbeni nasengqondweni umntu. Kodwa ke kule meko kusekho litshatshazi, kuphakamisa imibuzo. Legasov washiya audiotapes ezintlanu, apho iinkumbulo waza wathandaza iziphumo zakhe phezu iziganeko e Chernobyl. Lowo ephambili kukuba le ngozi yaba apotheosis kwezolimo ngokungafanelekanga amashumi eminyaka. iirekhodi Inxalenye ngezi iikhasethi umntu emehlweni isusiwe.

hero of Russia

Ubulungisa iye yenziwa ngo-1996. Valeriy Alekseevich Legasov laphakanyiswa kokufa kwakhe ukuya kutsho kwisikhundla Hero of Russia inkalipho lwabo ngethuba ukutshona ngozi iChernobyl mveliso samandla enyukliya nguMongameli Yeltsin.