AEK-971. Izibhamu zokuhlasela. I-Automatic AEK-971

Njengoko bathi kwi-encyclopedia yempi, i-Kovrov ngokuzenzekelayo i-AEK-971 kukuphuhliswa kwe-ZiD eKovrov phantsi kolawulo luka-SI Koksharov (ngokusekelwe kwinkqubo ye-Automatic Konstantinov). Makhe sijonge oko esi sixhobo sichaza kwaye sinjani imbono yayo kwimikhosi yanamhlanje yehlabathi.

Kwenzeka njani konke

Phakathi kowe-1982, ii-designers zaseSoviet-izibhamu zaqala ukuphuhliswa ngokusebenzayo kwezixhobo zokuzicwangcisa ngokuzenzekelayo kwisikhokelo somsebenzi wokuqulunqa umxholo ngesihloko esithi "Ukudala umatshini ozenzekelayo, owodwa kunye nesiqingatha amaxesha aphezulu ngaphezu kobuchule be-AK-74." Ikhowudi yale program yayiyi: "Abakan". Iinjineli zazixhomekeke ekunyuseni ukuchaneka kwezixhobo ezintsha zokutshiza izihlandlo ezi-5-10 ngexesha lomlilo oqhubekayo, ukuze kuphuculwe ukuchaneka, kwanajoni elincinane elingenamava. Izixhobo eziphuhlisiwe kufuneka zizuze zonke iimpawu zokulwa zenkqubo zangaphambili zokuqhuma. Okokuqala, oku kuhambelana nokuthembeka, inokwenzeka ukuba ifakwe kuzo zonke izakhiwo zasemkhosini-ezobugcisa, kunye nokukwazi ukufaka izixhobo eziqhelekileyo kuyo: i-grenade launcher, iqela le-bayonet, izixhobo zokusebenza, njalonjalo. Bonke abaqulunqi bezandla kunye neebhonculi ze-USSR bathathe inxaxheba kule phiswano. Ngowe-1984, ikhomishoni yaba neeprojekthi ezilishumi elinambini zezixhobo ezizenzekelayo. Iisampuli ezintathu zazisuswa kwiinqanaba zokuqala zokhuphiswano, ngoko kuphela ukuphuhliswa kwezinto ezithoba kufikelele kwisigaba sokuvavanya. Phakathi kwabo kwakuyi-Koksharov-Garev i-AEK-971 (5.45 mm) ehamba ngokuzenzekelayo, ene-automation echanekileyo kunye noyilo olwenziwe kwisikimu esingathintekiyo.

Ziziphi izinto ezintsha?

Ukuzenzekelayo ngokuchanekileyo kuyona nto ebonakalayo ebalulekileyo yoyilo lomshini. Eli cwangciso lenziwe ngokufana ne-AK-107 kunye ne-AK-108 matshini ngokuzenzekelayo esekelwe injini yegesi. Kule nkqubo, i-piston eyongezelelweyo yegesi ixhunyiwe kwi-anti-mass, ukuhamba kwayo kuhambelanayo kunye nesakhelo esiphezulu sokubhenqa, kodwa iphikisana (oko kukuthi, iya kutshintshela phambili). Ngale ndlela, iimpembelelo eziveliswe yindlela yokuhamba kwendlela kunye neempembelelo zabo kwiindawo eziphambili neziphambili zihlawulwa. Njengomphumo wokusetyenziswa kwesi sikimu, umatshini akayi kuhlutha xa etsha. Kwaye ibulela kuyo i-AEK-971 inechani lokuchaneka kwamaxesha amabini ngaphezulu kune-AKMi AK-74.

Umxhasi wokuhlawula umbane

Isici esahlukileyo somzekelo wokuqala we-AEK-971 ngumntu ongeyinto engavamile yokuqhawula umxhasi. Isiseko soyilo lwayo ngumgaqo omtsha ngokutsha wokudubula kwisimo esinqinileyo nesingaqinisekanga saloo nto. Xa umlilo ozenzekelayo uvela ngokuma, ukusuka emadolweni, ekuhambeni, kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa imingxuma kwi-compensator ngokusebenzisa i-lever ekhethekileyo ekhoyo kwicala lasekhohlo lebhokisi. Kwaye xa usuka kwindawo ezinzile ukusuka kwindawo, ngokulandelanayo, unako ukwandisa. Ingcamango yokutshintsha ububanzi beemingxuma zokusinda kwamagesi e-powder kwisihlawulelo sokuqhawula umbhobho kunye ne-automation echanekileyo yenza ukuba kufikeleleke kwinqanaba elongezelelekileyo lokuzinzisa le nkqubo ngelixa ugcina umlilo ozenzekelayo.

Inkcazo yomatshini

Isixhobo esitsha ngokuzenzekelayo se-AEK-971 sinikwe amandla ngeekrijiji ukusuka kwisitoreji esiqhelekileyo se-AK-74 esinamandla esahluko ezingama-30. Vala umzila wesigu ngokuguqula i-shutter. I-butt ifolda ibhekisela kwicala lasekhohlo lommkeli. Isisombululo esakhayo esichukumisayo sicetywayo ukuba iflegi yomguquli wefestile. Ihoxiswa kumacala omabini ommkeli. Nangona kunjalo, ibhokisi yokukhangela kwicala elingasobunxele alinalo umsebenzi wokubambisa, okwenza ukunciphisa amandla akhe. I-Shock-trigger yindlela yokwenza i-AEK-971 i-othomathikhi ivumela i-othomathikhi, umlilo omnye, kunye nemigca eqingqiweyo (iibhothi ezimbini). Oku kungenani elincinci lwandise ukusebenza kwesi sixhobo kwizinga lokukhwela kwee-1500 ngeenxa zonke ngomzuzu.

Ukuphucula umshini

Emva koko, ukuyila komatshini kwakulula kakhulu. Ngoko ke, i-blower-compensation-blower-repensator yatshintshwa ngumgangatho omnye ukusuka kwi-AK-74, eyakhokelela ekunciphiseni okukhulu kwinqanaba lomlilo. Isicelo senziwe sisigxina, kwaye ibhokisi kufuneka ivuselelwe ngokupheleleyo. Umpu ophuculiweyo ophuculweyo wabonisa iziphumo zokudubula ngomlilo oqhubekayo, ama-20 ephakamileyo aphezulu kune-AK-74 esemgangathweni. Nangona kunjalo, i-AEK-971 yenzelwe ukuchaneka kweyesibini ekhunjiweyo ekuqhubeni komlilo ngokuzenzekelayo - umpu wemishini ye-Nikonov, nangona yayidlula kule parameter xa ibetha i-bursts ende. Ngoko, ngokwemiphumo yokhuphiswano, isikhali esizenzekelayo se-Nikonov samukelwa ngezobukhali, esayifumana i-AN-91.

Imbali entsha yomatshini

Le ibali le-AEK-971 alizange liphele. Ekupheleni kweminyaka engama-90, uMphathiswa wezoKhusela ukhumbule ukuphuhliswa kwezixhobo kunye neenkqubo ezizenzekelayo, apho abaqulunqi beCapepet benza khona. Umatshini waphinde wafumana ukuhlaziywa, okwangoku ngokuhambelana neemfuno ezintsha. Ngenxa yoko, ibhondi yendawo yonke yenziwe kwicala lasekhohlo lommkeli ukuba unamathele zonke iintlobo zobusuku nobusuku. Ingasetyenziswa ngokufaka indawo ye-butt endala ngesinyithi esitsha, ukunyathela ngakwesokudla. Kwakhona kuphunyezwe urhulumente wokuqhuba umlilo ekugqibeleni kweempawu ezintathu. Emva koko, umatshini wafakwa kwimveliso ye-serial. Ezi zixhobo zokuhlaselwa zaveliswa ngamabhakethi amancinci. Baye bakhonza ngenjongo ekhethekileyo yamasebe eMphathiswa weMicimbi yangaphakathi kunye nezinye i-arhente zokuthotyelwa komthetho. Ngo-2006, i-Kovrov Machine-Building Plant yayeka ngokupheleleyo ukuveliswa kwemveliso yemikhosi. Ngoko ke, yonke imveliso yahanjiswa kwisityalo. Degtyarev (ZiD).

Izixhobo

I-Degtyarev entsha ye-AEK-971 iqulethwe ngamacandelo alandelayo kunye neendlela:

• I-trunk ene-receiver kunye ne-cover receiver;
• I-bolt kunye nesakhelo sokuvala;
• Ukuthutha kunye ne-bar ibhalansi;
• Indlela yokubuyisela;
• Khu seleko;
• USM, iqhutywe njengeyona node ehlukeneyo;
• Isikhokelo se-Balancer;
• Umguquleli womlilo;
• Ukubheja kweTrunk kunye nokugqibela;
• Umzabalazo wokuhlawulela;
• I-Shop kunye ne-bayonet-knife.

Izibhamu zokuhlaselwa kwehlabathi

Igama elithi "ukuqhuma isibhamu" laphuma kwisiNgesi "isibhamu sokuhlasela". NgesiRashiya kuyisiko ukuthetha "umatshini ozenzekelayo", nangona kunjalo, isitshixo sifana. Namhlanje, olu hlobo lweengalo ezincinci luyehlukile kwiiyunithi zentsapho. Izibhamu zokuhlaselwa zamanje zine-caliber ukusuka ku-5.45 mm ukuya ku-7.62 mm. Umthamo wezitolo zazo zijikelezi-30 okanye ngaphezulu. Izibhamu ezizenzekelayo ziyakwazi ukutshaya kwimodi yokuzenzekelayo, izibhengezo kunye kunye nokugqithwa okufutshane. Uluhlu oluphumelelayo luyi-600 m. Umlinganiselo osebenzayo womlilo kwizixhobo ezizenzekelayo zanamhlanje zifikelela kumajikelezo angama-400 ngomzuzu (ukugqabhuka). Ngokuqhelekileyo zonke izixhobo zale klasi zinako ukunamathisa izixhobo ezincedisayo: iibhaonet, i-night, i-optical okanye i-collimator, i- grenade kunye nezinye. Namhlanje izibhamu zokuhlaselwa ziveliswa kumazwe angama-30 ehlabathini lonke, ukusuka kumazwe ahamba phambili (eRashiya, eU.SA, eJamani, eFransi, eNgilani) kwiindawo ezibizwa ngokuba yihlabathi lesithathu (i-Iran, iTaiwan, Korea, njl.).

Isiphelo

Ngenxa yesiseko se-AEK-971, iinguqu ezimbini zenziwe. Iyokuqala kwezi zi-AEK-972. Iphinda iphinda iphindwe ngokusisiseko, umahluko nje kuphela - u-5.56 x 45 mm (umphathiswa we-NATO), kodwa ayikho enye ingqinano eyakhayo. Utshintsho lwesibini ngu-AEK-973. Lo mzekelo wenzelwe i-cartridge yeSoviet 7.62 x 39 mm. Ngalo mshini kusetyenziswe isitolo esivela ku-AK-47, ngaphandle koko iyafana nesiseko esisodwa.