Njengokuba kanye uthe sobulumko enkulu German Fridrih Nitsshe, "yonke into isihlobo". Eneneni, abantu linama uluhlu kweempahla kunye neenkonzo. Abantu bakhuphisane, khetha abahlobo babo kunye nabo ubomi bentsapho. Ngoko ngengqondo sisoloko into enokuthelekiswa omnye komnye. Kwaye ukuba kubhaliwe ngokubhaliweyo, sisebenzisa eyahlukileyo izigaba zentetho ezibonisa iimpawu zezinto, iimpawu okanye ezinye izenzo. Ukuze wenze oku, kwaye kukho yokuthelekisa lwezihlomelo kunye nezichazi, apho ilungelo lokufumana imfundo kwaye kuthetha ngayo kweli nqaku.
morphology
Isihlomelo - kuba yinxalenye ezimeleyo yokuthetha, oko bamele uphawu yesenzo (ukubaleka njengokuba - fast ;? Funda njani? - ngononophelo), Iimpawu imiqondiso (ekwezi ezifana - okuqaqambileyo ;? Eliqine -? Kakhulu), Yaye kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, kunye kufuphi izibizo ezithile, ifitsha into (yayisathe umntwana, ukufunda ngokuvakalayo). Iziphakamiso badla zibekwe ecaleni izenzi, izichazi kunye nezinye nezihlomelo, idlala indima iimeko, yaye ukuba zezikaYe- yesibizo, iinkcazelo. Amaqondo yokuthelekisa nezihlomelo va umahluko okanye ratio izenzo ezininzi okanye iimpawu ngaphezulu, ibanike omnye wâbo bafundi babini okanye omnye kubo bonke. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba imithetho kusekwe kwaye isicelo zesindululo ayafana kakhulu izichazi, ngoko ukuwakhumbula kwi iwayini.
Ngawaphi amagama anokusetyenziswa
Amaqondo yokuthelekisa lwezihlomelo nga kuyilwa kuphela ngabameli le nxalenye yentetho, ezinxulumene bobabini qualitative attributive, t. E. Libonakaliswe njengoko bebubalaselisa okanye amanyathelo. Umzekelo: ukuya nkqi, ukuba alwe kweyisa, ukuba uthando nobubele, kundibanekela izibane eziqaqambileyo. Ukuze uqonde oko ngokukhawuleza, ukhumbula indlela elula: iqondo lokufanekisa kuphela akhiwa iziyelelane, nabanako kalukhuni yaba izichazi. Fast - fast, okhaliphileyo - nesibindi, babe nokuthantamisa - nokuthantamisa, eqaqambileyo - eqaqambileyo, njl Kunye nabanye kwezihlomelo (soloko efika emva kwexesha), iindawo (kude phambili), ebangela (engathandi, kwi ngumsindo), iinjongo (e jest, ngabom .. ), ukulinganisa kunye isidanga (lukhulu, nje kancinane), indlela yokusebenza (ukuhamba, equmbile) ukwenza oko akunakwenzeka ngokucacileyo. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba kuphela lwezihlomelo qualitative kwasekwa phindwe izichazi obhobhozayo ngokususa yokuvalwa kunye nokongeza isimamva "kodwa kuyoze".
liphawule
Oku kukwaquka ingozi ukuba iphutha ekuqapheleni izigaba zentetho. Oko kukuthi, iintlobo ezimfutshane zezichazi ziyabhidisa lula kunye nezihlomelo qualitative. Ngokomzekelo, cinga izivakalisi ezibini ezilula: "Kuyinto Jokes funny" yaye "Ewe, loo nto funny." Kwimeko yokuqala oko kuthetha lwesihlomelo, ekubeni unxulumene nesenzi (isivisa) kubonisa umqondiso esi senzo, ngaloo ndlela usabela i "njani" kwaye lo ngumba. Kwisivakalisi yesibini, igama elithi "high" luhlobo esifutshane isiphawulo, kuxhomekeke isimelabizo (isifundo), uveza sepropati uphendula lo mbuzo, "yintoni?" Kwaye ugxininisa indlela vavisa. Ngoko ke, ukuze ukwazi ukwahlula phakathi kwezi iinxalenye ezimbini zentetho kwisivakalisi, kuhlahlelo olungentla le ngxaki kuyimfuneko ukwenza ilizwi, yaye emva koko yonke into iya kucaca.
Indlela ukwenza uhlobo lokuthelekisa i isandiso
Kukho elinye ithuba ukudideka ngempazamo. Ingxaki kukuba uhlobo isihlobo lwezihlomelo isidanga Uthelekiso yenziwa ngendlela efanayo izichazi, t. E. Ngokufaka isimamva 'e, -s, kwalo, akayi-, -zhe "ukuya phezulu, ngamanye amaxesha thumbanails okanye indawo ngoonobumba yokugqibela, kwaye kwezinye iimeko eguqulwe ngelizwi yonke. Umzekelo, i "kude - on close - sisondela, intle - amahle / ezintle / ezintle, kakuhle - ezincinane ngcono - ngaphantsi". Okoko kwasekwa ezilula (zokwenziwa) ukwenza izidanga yothelekiso izihlomelo, itafile iya kuquka oku emazantsi kwikholam yokuqala, yaye ukuba iyafana kusini na isichazi kwisicatshulwa. Kwakhona thatha izindululo ezimbini umzekelo: "Wehla phezulu" yaye "Le nkwenkwe ephezulu." Kwakhona kufuna Uhlalutyo: Kwimeko yokuqala, kuba sisihlomelo, libhekisela isivisa, luphawu inyathelo, uphendula lo mbuzo, "njani?", Yaye umzekelo wesibini - isichazi. Enye indlela yokuthelekisa weqondo (icandelo / zohlahlelo) kwezi iindawo ezahlukeneyo zentetho, nangona ngokulinganayo ukusekwa ngokongeza igama oluncediswayo "ngaphezulu" okanye "ngaphantsi kune". Umzekelo, i "ephezulu" yaye "ngaphantsi close" ukususela izichazi 'ephezulu "yaye" ngaphantsi close "ngeelwimi.
Indlela fomu ifomu eliphezulu
Izihlomelo degree oluthelekisayo ukuveza ukuba eli lizwi senzo / attribute zibonakaliswe luphawu ngaphezu enye. Ukongeza, kukho omnye uhlobo, leyo ibizwa ngokuba "ezigqwesileyo". Lukhangela intshukumo / usayine onke zokuveza kuyo iqondo eliphezulu lwezihlomelo yokuthelekisa, kwaye kwasekwa ngokongeza igama oluncediswayo "bonke" (icandelo), okanye isimamva "-eyshe, -ayshe" (ezilula). Uphawu lokugqibela kuphela amagama athile, ubukhulu becala lixesha (ngokuthobeka, ngokuzithoba), kwaye ke ngoko phantse ayi veli iincwadi reference ngolwimi Russian. Kodwa wasebenzisa icandelo zenza yokuthelekisa kwezihlomelo. Uqheliso nemizekelo kusenokwenzeka ukuba beze nayiphi na magama: jump ngaphezu kwabo bonke, ibe ngaphantsi kwe bonke, yiya ngaphaya bonke, ukuze enze konke okusemandleni, njalo-njalo ..