Izenzi Perfective: ingqiqo, imfundo, ngababini ezithile

Enye iinxalenye ezahlukahlukeneyo zentetho ulwimi Russian i kwisenzi. Kukungabi isenzi isenzo, chaza into. imibuzo yakhe esisiseko: ntoni ukwenza ntoni? ntoni ukwenza ntoni? Le yinxalenye ntetho baninzi abalinganiswa morphological, nto leyo echaphazela indawo yayo kwintetho kunye nendima syntactic kwisivakalisi. Umxholo weli nqaku, "izenzi perfective", ngoko ke, phambi kokuba sithethe ngazo, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ixabiso kwihlelo lwabo: uhlobo. Udidi Uhlobo - yinto yegrama udidi yesenzi, ukuba ikhona kuzo zonke iintlobo zayo kubonisa ifuthe ngokuhamba kwexesha. Isenzi esithi "wagqiba" yaye "isigqibo" ziyafana intsingiselo kodwa zahluke ngokwegrama. I Ikhethwa - yesenzi ekoneni. uhlobo, ukhomba intshukumo zigqityiwe, isibakala sokuba ludlule kwaye lunomnyino. Isonjululwe - isenzi abangafezekanga. ukuchwetheza yaye ayiqulathanga imida okanye ukuphelela amanyathelo. Ngolwimi Russian kukho iintlobo ezimbini kwezenzi: okupheleleyo abangafezekanga.

uhlobo Perfect yesenzi

Kakade igama elinye - Izenzi perfective - bayakuqonda oko sithetha isenzo olwaqaliswa wenza, ezigqityiweyo okanye ugqibile. Kukho umda, umda, result amanyathelo. Ngoko ke, lo mbuzo xa zambethe loo ogqibeleleyo isenzi: ntoni ukwenza ntoni? Enza (a)? yenziwe? yintoni onokuyenza?

Umzekelo: kwixesha elidlulileyo

"Ndifunda incwadi ethi 'uthetha: funda lonke kude kube sekupheleni;

"Mna wabhala ileta" kuthetha ukulungele incwadi;

"Ndiye ndafunda ulwimi" uthetha: Ndiyayazi ulwimi;

"Siye wacula iculo" kuthetha ukuya ekupheleni.

Nangona sithembiso: "Mna wabhala ileta," "Ndifunda incwadi ethi," "Ndiya kuvuma ingoma," "Ndiye ndafunda ulwimi," kuthetha ukuba amanyathelo kwenzeka, kodwa nokuba sele kwaziswa ekupheleni - ayaziwa.

Iintlobo yomlomo ziyahluka ikakhulu iifom kunye nemilinganiselo ixesha. izenzi Perfective abe elidlulileyo elizayo prime eziphezulu ixesha (eziphezulu), wabhala (bhalani), wadlala (Dlala), funda (funda), wafunda (Study). Iziqu kwixesha elizayo ngokulula efanayo ukuba izenzi ezikwixesha langoku kwi abangafezekanga. hlobo: I ukufunda, ndidlala.

izenzi abanesono. zezinto eziphilayo luhlobo ngoku., proshed. kunye elizayo. ixesha nzima. Ukunikezwa "Siya kwakha", "Siza kufunda i" bathi kanye oko kuya kwenziwa amanyathelo, kodwa hayi malunga nokuba kuza kugqitywa. Ekubeni isigwebo "Siya kwakha", "Siza kufunda" ithi into iya kwakhelwa phambi kokuphela, iya kuphandwa yaye siya kwazi. Le ntlobo uqhagamshelwano kunye uhlobo ezahlukeneyo iifom yethutyana kukhokelela iimpazamo ukusetyenziswa kwentetho, eli xesha endaweni elizayo, ikamva endaweni langoku.

Ngoko ke, kunokuba ukuyilwa oluchanekileyo ixesha elizayo: Ndiza kukuxelela, ndiza kuhamba, ndiza, ndiza kuqala - abantu abathetha kakubi ulwimi, ngokungachanekanga bathi: Ndiya kuthi, Ndiya kuhamba, ndiya kuqala.

Imfundo neentlobo ngababini

Ifomu yokuqala perfective izenzi emfundo izenzi becala abangafezekanga. Uhlobo kongezwe izimaphambili, izimamva, inkcaso izimamva, ngelinye ixesha kwi ingcambu, ihamba ntshikilelo, ibinzana elithi iintlobo ngeentlobo neengcambu ngamagama. ngababini Species kwakheka.

1. Izenzi ifomu efezekileyo bekuya ngokongeza izenzi isimamva -nu- ifomu abangafezekanga: jump-jump-ujingi uyisele. Ezi zenzi qhoboshela ukubaluleka nabubufutshane kunye nje ngephanyazo.

Ezinye izenzi isimamva nesimamva -nu- ukuze bawe amaqabane yokugqibela: isimemo, ulilahle, isinki-iyatshona, ngelithi-ukuhleba. Isimamva -nu- izenzi ifomu ogqibeleleyo ezibonisa yoko, ukunyina hetiseka isenzo (shwaka ukufikelela) ye-ngokwenza enye (atyhale, nitsholoze wave) ukwenzela abaqala omkhulu isenzo (kwakuvele, sathi qwele)

2. Iziqhoboshelo ukunika ixabiso isenzi ukuphelela, ngaphandle kokutshintsha intsingiselo esisiseko lungelelanisa yeli gama: ukubhala, ukubhala, bhala kude; ukuya iimfama-iimfama; Ukungaboni-uyibone; ukwakha, ukwakha; ukwenza-do; esomelela-aliqini.

Kodwa umthuthuzela ukunika intsingiselo entsha lungelelanisa yesenzi ukuba enze. Uhlobo: funda - ukufunda, ufunde, sifunde

ibhokisi Misela-top kunye nexabiso nokuphelela kunokuba ngamazwi kwezinye abangasekhoyo, thelekisa umlinganiselo isenzo ngelo xesha. Umzekelo, isimaphambili uziqonde Ezinye izenzi kuzisa ixabiso intshukumo encinane ngexesha, umzekelo: namhlanje ndifunda, basebenza, wahamba (ngelixa ukufunda zaphela, wayesebenzela ixesha elithile yaye wayeka ukusebenza, hamba elide.)

Isimaphambili za-, uziqonde xa zidibene nezinye izenzi bazise ilizwi ixabiso ekuqaleni imisebenzi Libetheleni-ukucula (ukucula waqala); ingxolo-kwingxolo (saqala ukwenza ingxolo); Bhabha-fly (waqala impukane)

Umzekelo:

wankqonkqoza ehlathini, wagcuma, lachachamba, Hare wamphulaphula, waphuma wabaleka. (Nekrasov AN)

Eaglets ikhwelo yaye squeaked kalusizi okwangoku. Emva koko ke ukhozi ngesiquphe wakhwaza kakhulu, lolule amaphiko alo labhabha nzima elwandle ... (Leo Tolstoy)

3. Maxa wambi ntlobo akhiwa iperi yezenzi kweengcambu ezahlukeneyo, amagama: ubeke-ubeke. Khumbula amagama kunye nendibaniselwano, ezo izenzi babesebenzisa perfective: ngesiquphe, kungalindelekanga, ngesiquphe, kwakhona, ngokukhawuleza zonke ngequbuliso, ngenye imini.

Sebenza phandle!

Nantsi i itekisi enemifanekiso. Fumana okubhaliweyo yezenzi perfective. Cacisa umahluko kwixabiso kwenza izenzi. kunye abangafezekanga. eziphilayo.

ukuzingela

eagle handsome kancinci yenza isangqa phezu kolwandle. Flight kwayo ezolile ubukeka. Apha ke wayeka umzuzwana emoyeni, ngokungathi umntu uyibambile kuye umsonto. Kukho into eyenzekileyo. Le irhamncwa kubonakala yokutsala amanzi ecacileyo. Ngesiquphe, njengexhalanga, ngokukhawuleza yaba lilitye esiwa phantsi.

Udini kwamanzi, kubhabho, wambamba ixhoba kunye ngomlomo wayo, kwaye wavele wasukuma. Fish uyankwantya umsila wayo, efuna ukubaleka kumlomo, kodwa ukhozi igcina ukukrwitsha ixhoba ngaphandle kokuphazamisa moya.

Ekugqibeleni, wafumana indawo sasemini kude ziintshaba. Okubalulekileyo, kunye inqwelo abanekratshi, ngomlilo emehlweni akhe, ukhozi yomveleli isidlo.