Iindawo Independent zentetho

Amanani ngolwimi Russian igama ukwabelana yonke into. Inxalenye yokuthetha kumiselwa iimpawu morphological, imisebenzi kunye nexabiso lungelelanisa syntactic.

ukwakhiwa kwawo luqokelelane lonke elo xesha, lo gama ukuphuhlisa igrama Russian. Ngelo langoku nqanaba uyazimela iindawo ezizimeleyo zentetho (eziqingqiweyo) kunye nenkonzo. Ukusebenzisa iindidi zesigama ngokwahlukeneyo ngazo, amagama zizilabalabi kunye onomatopoeic.

Independent yinxalenye kwintetho (kwezinye imithombo kwakhona ke wabhekisela njengoko eziqingqiweyo) zibonisa izinto, ubungakanani, iimpawu, intshukumo, umgangatho, imeko. Zinelungelo intsingiselo zegrama lungelelanisa. Ukongeza, besenza umsebenzi syntactic kwisivakalisi, uthetha ilungu eliyintloko okanye aphakamileyo.

Independent le umbuzo OMNYE ziikhowudi ezisixhenxe magama: inani, igama asilogama kunye sisibizo, isenzi, isimelabizo, isandiso, kunye nemeko didi. Ayizizo zonke kubo ukutshintsha ifomu kwayo ngokusebenzisa ezahlukahlukeneyo ngeendlela. Leli khono uphawu kuphela izichazi, izibizo, amanani, kunye nezenzi kunye nezimelabizo. Udidi karhulumente (akukho xesha, Rad buhlungu) kunye nezihlomelo kungekho ndlela yokutshata iimilo ezahlukeneyo. Ngaphandle kukho izihlomelo ezincinane qualitative, ezinako ukudala isidanga yokuthelekisa.

Oludidi karhulumente (okanye isivisa) kufuneka uhlale ngaphandle, njengokuba ukukhululwa yawo yonke neecwadi. Kwakunjalo kwixesha lokuqala V. Vinogradov kunye L. V. Scherba. ukuqonda isivisa kwaye imxinwa yaye ububanzi. Kwimeko yokuqala, ukuya kudidi karhulumente zibandakanya kuphela ezo amagama kwisivakalisi esithi (kwakhona apho ibinzana oyintloko kubonakaliswa i nethi) zidlala indima syntactic lwe isivisa: enelanga, ebandayo, kunzima ukuqonda, asinakukwazi athule, kanye, sinako uyavuma, kumanzi, ubushushu . Kwimeko yesibini kwicandelo likarhulumente kuquka onke amazwi ezingekhoyo izenzi, kodwa isenzo njengesivisa: awukwazi, nje kakuhle, kufuneka, nigcobe unyanzelekile, ungakwazi, ngomumo.

iimpawu zegrama Isimaphambili: sebenzisa kunye neqela yexabiso kunye nobume. Kwimeko ukuqonda elimxinwa apha esongezwa ukungaguquleki ilizwi.

Kukho uncwadi oluninzi, leyo kakhulu esivakalayo ayinyaniso ngayo status sokubala udidi ukuya izigaba zentetho. Enyanisweni, ngenxa yokuba kukho ngolwimi amazwi ezingekhoyo izenzi, kwaye parses umsebenzi izenzi nesivisa. Abanye iwonga kwiilwimi ingqiqo udidi ngamazinga kunye umsebenzi Iifomu igama neglagolnyh kwisivakalisi. Kodwa ke, nangona kunjalo, lo mba nangoku yingxaki kwaye ihlala ivulekile.

Kwamkelwa ukwabiwa izigaba zentetho ngeke ekucingelwa ukuba rhoqo, njengokuba ulwimi badla wemiqondiso utshintsho ukusuka kwenye inxalenye zentetho ukuya kwenye. Noko ke, asingabo bonke amazwi angayenza ngokukhululekileyo. Ezinye iindawo ezizimeleyo zentetho uya ukufudukela kwezinye ezizimeleyo, ubuncinane - e-ofisini. Umzekelo, nezihlomelo ungaya kwi kudidi kwezalathandawo; ngeenxa zonke, ngeenxa zonke. Xa izibizo kukho izimelabizo ixabiso: Le nto (it) kwaba ekwindla. Kwathi ento e izalathandawo kunye nezihlomelo: nangona, ngenxa ehleli cwaka bemi. izibizo basoloko inxalenye amaxhama complex amasuntswana izihlomelo: joke, ngokuba, ngoxa, kunye nabanye.

Izigaba zentetho ngolwimi IsiNgesi, kwakunye in Russian, yahlulwe eziqingqiweyo (eziqingqiweyo, ezizimeleyo) kunye nenkonzo. Owayesakuba kwakhona ziquka amagama athethayo epheleleyo lungelelanisa, kukubonelela amalungu wabiza inyathelo, iimpawu kunye izinto. IsiNgesi Igrama sibaphatha lwesihlomelo, isenzi, isimelabizo kunye isiphawulo, isibizo kunye nani.