Amashishini omatshini ekuhambeni: isizathu. Iimbangela ze-injini yokuvalwa kunye nezisombululo

Eli nqaku liza kukuxelela ukuba kutheni imoto igcina. Isizathu salo mcimbi sinokuba sisona sikhulu, kodwa ufumana inkathazo eninzi kule "ndlela yokuziphatha" yemoto. Ukongeza, injini iya kugcina kwaye ingenzi lutho. Ekholisa kule ncinane, injini ibonakala iqala, kodwa emva kwexesha iyeka ukusebenza. Kungenzeka ukuba injini ayifuni ukuqala ukuba iqondo lokushisa likufutshane nokushisa okusebenzayo. Ubushushu bokusebenza benjini bu malunga nama-90 degrees. Kwaye kukho izizathu ezininzi, kodwa kufuneka ucinge ngezinto eziphambili.

Isizathu esiqhelekileyo

Kufanelekile ukuthobela ingqalelo ukuba zonke izizathu zingahlula kwiindidi eziliqela. Kutheni umshini ugxotha ekuhambeni? Isizathu sinokuba sesincinci okanye sincinci. Ukuba sithetha ngeenjini ze-injection, ngoko ngokuqhelekileyo umlawuli ojongene nesantya sokungena kwiqhosha uyahla . Nguye onika inani elifunekayo lomoya kumzila wezitroli. Umlawuli wezantya ongenzi lutho ngumqhubi wombane, uvula kwaye uvale umgca ngomoya ococekileyo owela kwinqanaba lomxube womxube. Ngoko, into yokuqala kufuneka uqiniseke ngokusebenza kwe-regulate regulator. Ukwenza oku, kuyimfuneko ukupheqa i-crankshaft kunye ne-starter, ngelixa lixinzeleleke i-pedelerator. Imoto iqala kule nto, kodwa inani leenguqulelo lihlala liguqukayo. Kukho ukuphazamiseka kweRHX - izitampu zeemoto xa ucinezela igesi. Yaye indlela eyona ndlela iphumelelayo yokukrazula inkathazo enjalo inguquko epheleleyo yento. Udinga ukufakela umlawuli omtsha wezantya. Iimoto zeVAZ zenza ngolu hlobo kumzuzu.

Iingxaki ze-valve ze-valve

Ngokuqhelekileyo, isizathu sokuthi injini iyaqala ukugaya i-throttle ngokwayo. Kungenzeka ukuba ifayili yomoya yayigqoke, ngoko ke ngaphakathi kwiplanga lonke le-flap lalinakonakaliswa. Ukulungisa lo kuphazamiseka, kwanele ukuhlambulula ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi kwidamper. Qaphela ukuba emva kokucocwa ngokugqibeleleyo, ingxaki ingaphikelela, kodwa i-injini izitye xa igesi igxininiswe. Kule meko, qiniseka ukuba inzwa yendawo inokusebenza kakuhle. Le senzwa yinkinga echaseneyo. Ikhutshwe kwi-shaft shaft. Kwaye ininzi ingubo igcinwa kwindawo ephezulu (ihambelana nesantya sokungena). Ukuba ayiphumeleli, kufuneka ithathelwe indawo. Iindleko ze nxalenye ziphantsi, kwaye ukutshintshwa kwenzeka kwimizuzu embalwa nje. Kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba injini iyaqala ukugubha, nangona kunjalo ukuba zonke iisenjini zisesimo esiphelele.

Umgangatho wefeyile

Njalo gcina iliso ngoluphi uhlobo lwepetroli oqhuba imoto yakho. Kwiimeko ezininzi, zonke iimpawu ezingentla zivela xa ugcwalisa itanki ngombane. Ewe, injini iya kugcina kwaye emva kwexesha. Ngoko ke, kuya kuba nzima ukunquma ngokukhawuleza ukungaphumeleli. Kufuneka kwakhona ukuqwalasela: isizathu sokuba injini iqale ukuhamba, ukucima, kuyafaneleka ukukhangela rhoqo kwi-petroli ngokwayo. Ukuze uphilise le "sifo", kuya kufuneka uchithe igesi ephuma kwitanki, uze ufake indawo yefayili yombane. Ngelishwa, kwizikhululo zegesi awunaso ukuthenga i-fuel quality. Ngoko ke, kukufanele ukhethe uhlobo oluthile lomenzi, oluthengisa uphethiloli ophezulu. Kakade ke, kukho amaxesha apho izithuthi zemoto zihamba khona (isizathu salo asikho kwipetroli). Namela ingqalelo ukuba iindleko eziphantsi ngokweyona nto ibonisa ukuba ipetroli yinto engathandabuzekiyo. Uze uthele itanki - oku kufana nokuthumela imoto ngokukhawuleza kwisibonda.

Spark Plugs

Ukuze uqiniseke ukuba iiplaski ze - spark zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo , kufuneka ubenqamle bonke, khangela ubungakanani be-gap, kunye nobukho be-carbon deposits. Yaye imoto yakho igxininisa. Isizathu sinokufihlwa kwikhandlela. Kwimeko apho kukho idiphozithi eqinile, kodwa i-gap ingaphakathi kwexabiso elivunyelweyo, kuyimfuneko ukucoca i-electrode yekhandlela. Kodwa indlela engcono yokuphuma ukufaka ikhandlela ezintsha. Kwimeko efanayo, ukuba i-gap inkulu kakhulu, kukho ukugqithisa okugqithiseleyo kwe-electrode, ukucocwa akunakunceda, kufuneka ubeke indawo yamakhandlela ngokupheleleyo.

Isixhobo sokucoca

Kodwa kusekho isizathu esivakalayo sokuba umatshini ugqityiwe. VAZ okanye imoto yangaphandle - ayinandaba. Kodwa oku kuyinyaniso ngokukhethekileyo kwimoto endala. Abanye abaqhubi bayakhohlwa ukuba kukho ifayile yefololini kwimoto. Itholakala ngaphantsi kwepompoli yamanzi. Enyanisweni, ukuba kukho ukungcola kwisihlunu, i-petroli ayiyi kungena emzimbeni wombane kunye namagumbi okutsha. Kubalulekile ukuba kubekho ukuphazamiseka ekunikezeni amafutha. Ngexesha elifanayo, wena, ngokuchukumisa i-pedelerator pedal, ufeze injini. Ukukrazula le mpahla, kuyimfuneko ukususa ipompoli yepetroli kwaye ufake indawo yokucoca. Kwakhona kuyafaneleka ukuba sicinge ukuba itanki ngokwayo ingabangela ukukhawuleza kokuvala kwefayile. Ngoko ke, nokuba utshintsho lomandla okanye ukucocwa ngokucokisekileyo kuya kunceda.

Isihlungi somoya

Imeko efana nayo, njengoko kwimeko yefayile yefayile. Nceda uqaphele ukuba ukusebenza nokulungiswa kwemoto kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuhambelana neemfuno zomenzi. Emva kwakho konke, uyazi ukuba umxube wephesolli kunye nomoya utyiswa ekamelweni lokutsha. Ngoko ke, ukuba enye inxalenye yale mxube ingenanga umzila weetroli, injini iya kugcina. Cinga ngomzekelo wendlela umbane osebenza ngayo xa kungekho moya okwaneleyo. Igumbi lokufudumala lifumana umxube ocebile kakhulu , ngenxa yezizathu zokuthungulula ikhandlela. Ngaloo ndlela kukho ukuvakalelwa, njengokuba injini ayinayo i-air ngokwaneleyo, ityhola. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, abanye abahamba ngemoto abangayazi umgaqo we-injini yomsakazo wangaphakathi bangafihla igatsha lokungenisa ngendwangu ukuze kungabi namanzi angena kuwo. Kuhleka, kodwa kwenzeka.

Ipompo yepetroli

Ukuba ipompoli yepetroli ayisebenzi, ngoko ke, imimandla yeemoto. I-carburetor iya kusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo, kodwa akukho bani uyinika yona. Kwiimoto zokujola, ipompu yepetroli iphantsi kwesitulo sangasemva. Kwi-carburetor - kufuphi ne-camshaft (ekubeni inayo idrayivu kuyo). Ukuba iyeka ukusebenza, injini ingakwazi ukungahambi ngokukhawuleza, kodwa xa injini iyakhula, iya kugcina. Nangona kunjalo, ngokugqithisa okupheleleyo kwepompoli yepetroli, injini ayiyi kuqala. Ukukrazula le ntsebenziswano, kufuneka ulungise umpompo, okanye uyifake ngokupheleleyo indawo, eyona nto iphumelele. Ngokuphathelele i-carburetor motors, i-actuator diaphragm drive rod inganxiba kakhulu.

Izixhobo zombane

Ingxaki yokumisa imoto inokwenzeka nakwiindawo ezingasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo zombane. Ngokukodwa, i-oxidation kwimida yebhetri inokwenzeka. Nangona iimoto ezindala, nangona ezitsha, zonke zidinga ukunakekelwa nokunyamekela. Ngenxa yoko, unxibelelwano luyehla, njengoko ukunyuka kwamanyathelo kukunyuka, kwaye oku kubangela ukuba i-stalls injini. Kwakhona, ibhetri ngokwayo ingonakaliswe. Kwimeko efanayo, ukuba i-generator ayivelisi okwangoku ifunekayo, inethiwekhi yonxibelelwano yombane iyatshintsha kumbane webhethri. Ukuba awuboni isibane esivuthayo ngokukhawuleza, ukubonisa ukuba akukho ntlawulo, imoto iya kuqhubeka ihamba. Ukuqwalasela ukuba ukhanyiso luya kutshintshwa kwaye inkqubo ye-ignition isebenza, emva kwexesha ibhetri iya kukhutshwa ngokupheleleyo kwaye injini iya kumisa. Kufuneka uhlaziye ibhetri kunye nokulungisa ngokupheleleyo i-generator.