Amathafa - yintoni na le nto? Le nkcazelo kunye nenkcazelo umahluko ukusuka emathafeni ezishushu

ngaphantsi komhlaba sizibonakalisa ikakhulu amathafa ezikhoyo phezu kwentaba nje kuphela mhlaba kodwa ngaphantsi kwamanzi.

Yintoni plain?

Plain - iindawo tyaba enkulu ngaphantsi komhlaba apho ukuphakama amacandelo ezikufutshane ziyahluka ngaphakathi 200 m, banalo kwithambeka obuthathaka (hayi ngaphezulu kwe-5 m). Owona mzekelo ngokuxelwa kwithafa zakudala i West Siberian Plain: ine- kucace kakhulu umphezulu utshintsho umphakamo eseyiphantse imperceptible.

features ukukhululeka

Njengoko siye eziqondwa nkcazelo ingentla, eArabha - i ntlango caba phantse mcaba ngokuma, ngaphandle amawa eziphawulekayo kunye ekwehleni, okanye zazihamba, kunye nokunyuka nokuxuba ogudileyo kwaye sehlise komhlaba.

amathafa iflethi becala kungabalulekanga kangakanani. Bona zibekwe kufutshane elwandle kunye nemilambo emikhulu. amathafa kwande ukuziqengqa kunye kolwabelo sezwe. Umzekelo, isiqabu le-European East (Russian) Plain luphawulwa iinduli ngaxeshanye kwama-300 ubude, kunye misinga okuphakama ngaphantsi komphakamo wolwandle (ukudakumba lweCaspian). Ezinye namathafa famous zehlabathi - Amazon, Mississippi. Zinelungelo isiqabu efanayo.

emathafeni iimpawu

Lwentando kumathafa nguye ngokucacileyo, umgca undi ebonakalayo ngokucacileyo, nto leyo inokuba ngqo okanye lihlangana, njengoko kumiselwe yi iindawo zoncedo ethile.

Abantu ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, usuke waba ukuseka zokuhlala emathafeni. Ngenxa yokuba ezi ndawo zizityebi emahlathini kunye kumhlaba otyebileyo. Ngoko ke, namhlanje ummandla kumathafa kusekho yobuninzi benu kunezizwana. Uninzi izimbiwa geni ezinkqantosini.

Ngenxa yokuba lehewu - ilizwe kunye kummandla omkhulu, yaye ubukhulu becala, ukuba luphawulwa ezahlukeneyo kwiindawo zendalo. Ngoko, kwi East European Plain ukuhlangabezana emasimini amahlathi, ephikisanayo kunye avuthulukayo kumathafa kunye hlathi, emathafeni kunye nezo zibuntlangorha. Amathafa Australia thaca esemazantsi savanna kunye Amazon - Selva.

features zezulu

Imozulu, ezinkqantosini - oko yingcamango, ekubeni ugqibe yimiba ezininzi. Le ndawo wejografi, ummandla imozulu, ummandla indawo, ubude, kufutshane xa kuthelekiswa olwandle. Ngokubanzi, flat namageduka iphawulwa lutshintsho ecacileyo nawemithendeleko, enkosi ukuhamba iinkanyamba. Amaninzi kummandla wabo idibana ukuphuphuma imilambo namachibi nazo ziyayiphembelela imozulu. Ezinye namathafa na imozulu ebharhileyo, indawo yabo emikhulu iquka okuqhubekayo entlango (Turan nelezihlambo, kwihewu West Australian).

Amathafa neentaba: yintoni umahluko phakathi kwabo

Ngokungafaniyo Amathafa, iintaba amele ilizwe kabukhali eliphakamayo ngaphezu komphezulu osecaleni. Bona luphawulwa ukuhla okubonakalayo eziphakamileyo kunye nesimo exandekeni. Kodwa iziza ezincinane caba namageduka adibene ezintabeni, phakathi ezintabeni. Ewe kuthiwa emigodini.

Le mathafa kunye iintaba - yinto uhlobo isiqabu, umahluko ukuba zisekelwe imvelaphi yabo. Uninzi zeentaba kwasekwa phantsi kweempembelelo iinkqubo ziitectonic plates, ngokobuninzi intshukumo ziyenzeka nzulu ngayo kuqweqwe lomhlaba. Ngenxa yoko, amathafa kulala ikakhulu kumaqonga - kwiindawo nzile kuqweqwe umhlaba, ziphenjelelwa imikhosi yangaphandle yomhlaba.

Umahluko phakathi kweentaba neentlambo, nangaphandle yimbonakalo imvelaphi, kungathiwa:

• ukuphakama iphezulu (y Amathafa lufikelela 500 m, otshisa - ngasentla-8 km);
• indawo (indawo eshushu kumphezulu koMhlaba ungaphantsi kakhulu ukuba isikwere ethafeni);
• amathuba iinyikima (ezinkqantosini cishe zero);
• degree of zophuhliso;
• yokusebenzisa indlela umntu.

I emathafeni inkulu

Amazon yasezithabazini, ibekwe eMzantsi Merika, yeyona inkulu ehlabathini, indawo yayo - malunga 5.2 yezigidi iinyawo square. km. Luphawulwa mninzi eliphantsi labemi. Esibonakala kwimozulu eshushu yaye kufumile, amahlathi ashinyeneyo ashinyeneyo, ithatha indawo enkulu zigcwele izilwanyana, iintaka, izinambuzane kunye emanzini. iintlobo ezininzi izilwanyana Amazon zityalo azifumaneki nakwenye indawo.

Eastern European (Russian) Plain ise kwinxalenye esempuma Europe, indawo kwezigidi 3.9 square metres. km. Uninzi ndawo amathafa ibekwe eRashiya. It has a ntlango umngxuma-flat. Nantsi isambuku imizi emikhulu, kwakunye kanzulu inxalenye enkulu kobutyebi bendalo belizwe.

Central Siberian Plateau ise-Eastern eSiberia. indawo yayo - malunga 3.5 million macala onke. km. Le peculiarity yasethafeni - le alternation kwe parameter ntaba agudle ububanzi, kwakunye rhoqo permafrost, ofikelela ubunzulu 1.5 km. Imozulu - zwekazi, kwezityalo esilawulwa amahlathi avuthulukayo. Ithafa yi esisityebi kwizimbiwa kwaye kukho isitya emlanjeni omkhulu.