Amaza uluhlu kwi Radio and Television

Frequency Range - a elide sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekuhambeni izifundo emzimbeni zobugcisa, ingakumbi elektroniki. Phantsi kolu luvo iyaziwa njengoko uluhlu yokusebenza kwisixhobo kunye nenkonzo radio ngokuzimisela losasazo i ethile uluhlu rhoqo. Kwaye ke sithethe yokuwa lonke uluhlu sokuquqa kwerediyo.

imithetho International akulawule ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zosasazo kunomathotholo ezahlukeneyo (kuquka satellite), uluhlu echazwe kakuhle. Oku isuke yi imfuneko Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo kwaye zisebenza ukuphelisa uphazamiseko.

Ngokutsho Regulations Radio, ummandla Umhlaba wahlulwe kwisithili ezinkulu ezintathu. Eyokuqala ibandakanya eYurophu, ico, eRashiya, Mongolia kunye Afrika. Okwesibini - ummandla of America (zombini North kunye South). Okwesithathu - South and South-East Asia, Australia, ummandla wePasifiki. Kwindawo nganye - usasazo lwalo sokuquqa kwerediyo zamaza.

Kuba ukusebenza yommiselo yonxibelelwano yesathelayithi inika iibhendi zamaza kunye neesimboli: L, S, C, X, Ku, Ka, K isusela ukususela 1452 MHz ukuya 86,0 GHz. Uninzi lweenkqubo satellite ezisebenza bands C no Ku. ngenkuthalo Range Ka kuphuhliswa eYurophu naseMelika, kodwa kwilizwe lethu hayi ngokubanzi.

Ukusebenza antenna lixhomekeke kwinani kwamaza bamba sangqa-eriyali. Rhoqo bengaqondanga, ngamaza leyo lifinyele (ezi amaxabiso bomzimba kisekiyo) kwaye eriyali enkulu akufuneki ukufumana imiyalezo aqhelelkileyo. Ekubeni uluhlu frequency efunyenwe ubungakanani eriyali oziimitha 2.5-4.5, nangenxa ofumana olifunayo wave band K ubungakanani eriyali -. Kuphela 10-15 cm Ngenxa eriyali ubungakanani obufanayo elisebenza kuluhlu eziphakamileyo, kuba inzuzo ngaphezulu.

Xa losasazo station nganye samaza une uluhlu yayo rhoqo. Kukho ukuhlelwa ngamaza erediyo kwi kuluhlu kunye neembono. Ngokwale wave zezi:

- Dekametricheskie kunye ngamaza ngokomyalelo 10 000-100 000 km, ogama ezitsho zihlelwa ephantsi kakhulu (3 - 30 Hz).

- Megametricheskie (kwamaza - 000 kweekhilomitha 1000-10), uluhlu frequency - 300 Hz.

- Gektokilometrovye (kunye ubude neekhilomitha 100-1,000) emalunga frequency ultralow (3000 Hz).

- Extra elide (ubude - 10-100 km) - ephantsi kakhulu (ukuya kwi-30 kHz).

- ubude (ubude neekhilomitha 1-10) - phantsi (ukuya ku 300 kHz).

- avareji (ubude 100-1000 eemitha) - ebikade ukuya 3000 kHz.

- elifutshane, ukuba ubude eemitha 10-100 - yiyo ebizwa ngokuba .. asetyenziswa rhoqo (qho 30 MHz).

- Ultrashort okanye imitha (ubude 1-10 eemitha), phezulu kakhulu (ukuya kwi-300 MHz).

- Decimeter (ubude 10-100 cm) kwaye ultra-high, ukuya ku 3000 MHz.

- sentimitha (1-10 iisentimitha ubude), super-phezulu (ukuya kwi-30 GHz).

- aphindwe (ubude 1-10 mm), phezulu kakhulu (ukuya kwi-300 GHz).

300-3000 uluhlu GHz frequency ibhekisela t. N. ehleliyo-high frequency kuluhlu.

Kumanqanaba okuqala uphuhliso amaza erediyo zisetyenziswa kakhulu elide super-elide kuluhlu. Kodwa zaye phezu kumphezulu womhlaba, ako ngamandla, kufuneka zidlulisele ezinamandla. ukwamkelwa Esitalini ikhutshwa phandle wave eliphakathi kwi, kodwa bona kunzima ukuqinisekisa umgama transmission, kwaye asebenzise olu uluhlu, ubukhulu becala kunomathotholo wasekhaya kunye oyi kweekhilomitha amakhulu aliqela.

Shortwave zinika uluhlu olubanzana, kodwa oko kuxhomekeke ekubeni nengxolo uphawu Bill. Bona zisetyenziswa kakhulu emoyeni kunye navigation lwaselwandle idityaniswe imiba engundoqo.

Inzuzo ephambili kolundi oluvela rhoqo - ithuba ukusebenzisa eriyali kabani bungu ezinokuthelekiswa kunye kwamaza, yemisebe lusebenza kuphela phantsi kwale meko. Ukwakhiwa kweenkqubo zonxibelelwano-elide umgama ngokusekelwe andise kwamaza emehlweni, kwaba yimpumelelo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezindlela satellites zomhlaba.