Basil Oshchepkov: engobomi, iifoto kunye namanqaku anika umdla

EMzantsi Sakhalin EyoMqungu 6, 1892 usapho amabanjwa wazalelwa unyana ongumgqakhwe Oshchepkov Vasily Sergeyevich - womdlali enkulu elandelayo kunye owaseka judo yesizwe. Lo mfana unguGxothiwe, kwaye unikwe into yokuba xa eneminyaka 11 waba inkedama, singakwazi ukuba sesiphi na nakuwo umntwana kuphela ngokwemigaqo nzima.

Ubomi ejele kunye nabazali

nzima Savuya nxi ezahlukeneyo kakhulu, phakathi kwabo kukho kuphela izaphuli kodwa Amanani 'ezopolitiko'. Sikuncede, kunye nabantu abaqhelekileyo abaye bafumana isigwebo kwityala olungephi.

Kodwa ke yayinzima kwaye obungabangeli mdla kwi emoyeni ngokwasengqondweni kwaye emfundo ngoxa Sakhalin akunjalo, njengoko oko kusenokubonakala ngathi. Ngexesha uNicholas II wakwazi ukufumana imfundo elungileyo, lakhula amanani ezaziwayo-kakuhle kwaye izazinzulu entolongweni:

• nomhloli Antarctic nguDmitry Girev;
• Narodovolets kunye umphandi Ainu Bronislaw Pilsudski;
• "Imfundo kulohlwaya" wafumana Daniil Kharms.

Ngoko ke, asinguye wonk 'umntu azalwe entolongweni ngeke isiphelo lusizi. EJapan Basil Oschepkin ufumana ukuya kwiminyaka eli-13 ukuya uBhishophu Nicholas of Japan, apha kwi isiqulatho epheleleyo elivisayo ufumana imfundo yezenkolo waza waqalisa ukufunda nejudo.

Mama - Maria Semenovna - wazalwa ngo-1851, wafa ngo-1904. Xa unyana wakhe, ebeminyaka-8 ubudala, uMariya watshintshelwa ssylnopoeselenki, iye ukumelana iminyaka eli-18 entolongweni kunye imivumbo 60 kuba yokubalekela nzima. UYise - Sergey Zaharovich Plisak - umchweli, wafa ngo-1902. Abazali Oschepkina zaye neqabano.

Unyaka Omtsha nguEva Basil Oshchepkov - misebenzi Sambo kwixesha elizayo, wabhaptizwa umbingeleli Aleksandrom Uninskim. Owayemele waba umabhalana ophezulu imikhosi zokuphatha kwi Sakhalin George Pavlov-Smirnov. Ummeli - Kochina Ivanovna.

Biography short

Oshchepkov Vasily Sergeyevich - eyaziwa kakhulu nzima-isebenza iziqu Tokyo yokuzilolonga. EJapan yena ngo-Agasti 1907. ngoko:

• ngempumelelo waphumelela kwisikolo Kodokan;
• Waba Russian yokuqala baphumeleleyo yaseYurophu yesine abakwaziyo ukuqonda iimfihlelo lupwa Japanese engaxhobanga;
• USSR waseka sisikolo judo wakhuthaza lo mdlalo;
• Ukhuphiswano judo yokuqala eyayibanjwe ngo-1917;
• ngo-1932, lo mdlalo yabandakanywa kule nkqubo yexeshana;
• ngo-1937, Vasily Sergeyevich wabanjwa waza wabulawa.

Ekuqaleni imfundiso ngenkulungwane XX wokhuselo Russian kwakufuneka, abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo ulwamkelo yobungcali abafanelekayo. UMlawuli Nicholas II isalelo ngo-1903 ukuya ukuseka inkonzo kontrazvedochnoy ekhethekileyo. Ukulungiselela iinjongo ezinjalo eYurophu wazisa ziingcali Japanese okanye abafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo judo Japan. Kuba Russia, le intlala waba azamkeleki kuba eJapan iye babekhetha ukusebenza kunye ithi Koloni.

Amaziko emfundo yoqeqesho yokuzikhusela zidalwe emfihlekweni, ukuze ukutsala ingqalelo. Izifundo lwenziwa phantsi kophahla zamaziko ahlukeneyo, enye yazo sokufundela ubufundisi, owabakhoyo inkwenkwe Russian Basil Oshchepkov. Kabini Kusenokwenzeka ukuba elivisayo, ogama babulawa kwimfazwe Russian-Japanese abazali.

Study and nempumelelo

Ngowe-1911, 29 Oktobha, Oshchepkov oselula engena esikolweni Kodokan. Yena ebesoloko wabona ukunxanelwa ulwazi, waba nzima nabasebenzi abanamakhono. Imfuneko esingundoqo abafundi ke ubuya kuhlolisisa zonke ilizwi akathantamisi Jigoro Kano. Ukuba umntu uyaphazamiseka kwaye ujonge kwi ugqirha, akazange athathe.

Umenzi-sicelo ngamnye kwaba phantsi kolawulo olungqongqo katitshala. Boy evela Russia kwakunzima gqitha ukuba bafunde ukuhlala in Japanese. Vasey imilenze ndindisholo, kodwa yena akazange avuke, ngaloo ndlela ubonisa intlonelo nomcebisi wakhe.

Konyaka emva kokuqalisa uqeqesho Oshchepkov ufumana i-dan zokuqala judo kancinane emva koko - owesibini. Yena ngokupheleleyo wayefunda uqeqesho aziwa ubuchule yonke yayo waza wafumana ilungelo tie ibhanti emnyama. Basil Oshchepkov waba Russian wokuqala kwimbali, apho isiqinisekiso sokuba inkosi. Kwaba mzuzu wozuko, yena wayehlonelwa, wayemthanda nethandwayo, ngokuba ibhere Russian oye umgomo wakhe.

Ukongezelela Judo kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, apho wayefunda womdlali entsha, kwenziwa kuso:

• Japan kunye namabali Far East;
• iincwadi;
• negrama;
• zincwadi ukufunda;
• Translation of amanqaku amaphephandaba;
• abambe ebayala yenkolo;
• ulwimi Russian.

Basil bagqiba ngempumelelo izifundo zakhe ngowe-1913. isiqinisekiso yakhe lalizele Grade emagqabini kunye namanqaku aliqela "njengezikwimeko entle".

Ukudalwa yesikolo Judo yokuqala eRashiya

In Russia Vasily Oshchepkov wabuya ngowe-1914 emva kokuphumelela. Kuye echazwe kwi Amur Military yeSithili e Harbin njengoko itoliki kwi counterintelligence. Okulandelayo, ingena kwisebe intelligence yesithili Amur. Ngelo xesha nye kudala isikolo Judo yokuqala eRashiya.

Lo mzuzu kwimbali zemidlalo Russian: ngehlobo lika-1914 - umhla wokuzalwa judo yesizwe. Ke ekulweni yaseJapan yaba exotic ngokwenene, nkqu amandla zemidlalo olomeleleyo yaseYurophu. Kwaye eRashiya, kwidolophu encinane enza icandelo Judo apho Basil Oshchepkov Sambo nejudo banokufundisa nabani ofuna.

Abantu abatsha banakho kungena kwicandelo kwaye azibandakanye nomqeqeshi yobungcali, ababenazo abantu abangaphezu kwama-50. Uqeqesho kwenzeka umsebenzi yoluntu ezidolophini "Sports" e Vladivostok, sakhiwo wasinda kude kube ngoku kwaye ngoku umthambo Pacific Fleet apha. Ukususela ngowe-2012 isikolo ulutsha e Aleksandrovsk ithiywe emva wizard odumileyo. Xa ahla- isakhiwo elinemifanekiso Vasiliya Oschepkova.

icandelo judo siyaphela School-based, elinabemi abantu mahlanu. In memory of yaso yabanjwa apha zengingqi Sambo Tournament ezimbini ngo-2014 no-2015.

E Moscow, Vasily Oshchepkov Judo uqeqesho amagosa okhuseleko, amagosa amapolisa kunye Red Martial Arts.

Ngexesha umsebenzi wakhe oqeqeshiweyo Vasily Sergeyevich wafunda print iimpapasho yamlandela iintsingiselo ubugcisa, waqokelela ithala leencwadi elikhulu 1937 ngokungqinelana iindlela ezahlukeneyo yokuzikhusela, ikarati nejudo.

Ngokutsho ingcaciso evela World Encyclopedia, wadala eNgilani, ukhuphiswano yokuqala Judo ngaphandle kwe Japan zaye zabanjwa ngowe-1919. Kodwa logcino iphephandaba lasekuhlaleni libhekisela kukhuphiswano Judo Russian zigcinelwe ubuncinane iminyaka emibini phambi kokuba bt yaseYurophu.

Ukufuna umsebenzi Vasily waya Aleksandrovsk kwi Sakhalin apho wazalwa, aze enze umboniso ophilayo bhanya-bhanya. NgoSeptemba 1923, Vasily Sergeyevich uqala ukuba babambisane kunye norhulumente nomkhosi - ngokwengqondo. Oshchepkov eyenzeka phantsi elabo "DD". Xa bhanya yakhe, yena nabo ubukrelekrele ezixabisekileyo, ngoko yena abuyele eJapan.

Le minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe

Oshchepkov Vasily Sergeyevich Sambo ufundisa umhlohli imfundo ebonakalayo USSR. geography Ukufundisa Basil eyandisiweyo yaye ngowe-1925, waza wasebenza naseNovosibirsk kwi esikolweni samapolisa. Ngelo ngaphambili, wafumana uvumo umguquleli emkhosini, ngoko akwazi ukufikelela uhambo rhoqo amazwe. Oshchepkov rhoqo baphuculwa ulangazelelo lwakhe, yena bafunda kakuhle ubuchule entsha, ukuphuhlisa indlela yabo. Ngoko ngokuthe ngcembe kwabakho enye uqeqesho - Sambo.

Imithetho lokulwa wenziwa division of iindidi ubunzima, batshintsha indlela abathathi-nxaxheba:

• endaweni emethini yaba nematha mat;
• kimono Japanese kwafakwa jackets elimxinwa;
• ngebhajethi ezemidlalo aye asetyenziswa endaweni ibhulukwe Judo;
• ukulwa beza mlilo ngaphandle izihlangu ezizodwa hayi engenazo neembadada.

utshintsho olumandla ubunzima imithetho kuphela omzabalazo ngokwayo, kodwa imiba lwayo, ulawulo olungqongqo kwaqhutywa impilo-nxaxheba. Ukuxhawula yaba into ebalulekileyo kukhuphiswano ngamnye. Bamelene ukuxhawulana izandla omnye nomnye phambi nasemva nokulwa.

Ukuphuhliswa kwenkqubo ikarati kunye nabafundi Oshchepkova

Oschepkovskaya kwinkqubo yophuhliso ngcono ngaphandle impembelelo angaphandle, kubandakanywa Japanese, izikolo nejudo. Vasily Sergeyevich waba imfundo ephakamileyo ezemidlalo, kodwa ukuzimisela yakhe Indlela ishishini babe zenzululwazi ngokwenene. Master ngokuqhubekayo ukuphuhlisa izakhono kunye nokwenza judo ezemidlalo esisodwa, kodwa ayipheleli kuphela lo msebenzi.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo yaseJapan ngokwawo ebona indlela yokulwa Sambo, besithi ukuba ugqibelele ngaphezu judo. Oshchepkova yokulwa style ithatyathelwe inkonzo kumaziko emfundo ephakamileyo kunye neeyunithi zomkhosi. Master ethatha inxaxheba ekuphuhliseni iseti "Ready for lezaBasebenzi kunye woKhuselo USSR." Phakathi izidanga Vasily Sergeyevich baba iinkosi ezifana:

• VG Kuzovlev;
• VV Sidorov;
• NM Galkovsky;
• IV Vasiliev;
• RA abafundi;
• AA Harlampiev kunye nezinye iinkosi abaninzi.

Kule 30 Oshchepkova wawabizela eMoscow, apho waba bakwazi ukufundisa amajoni Soviet besilwa ngokwesiseko judo.

Yokubulawa nokufa

Le ekupheleni 30 yaba xesha ngumzuzu ukuba judo - umdlalo wavalwa njenge "njengomphambukeli nokuhlaliwa yiSoviet ngabantu abaqhelekileyo." Ngehlobo lowe-1937 Vasily Sergeyevich wavula kwiSikolo samaBanga aPhakamileyo abaqeqeshi zibanga judo.

Le uMdali Mortal Sambo Vasily Oshchepkov ukubanjwa ngenxa zaseMelika ngoSeptemba 1937 kwaye inyanga kamva wayeza kufa entolongweni. Waba ngunozala judo, kodwa wakhetha Sambo walinika, wayezinikele nomdla amapolisa Soviet imfihlelo, kodwa kuguqulelo mnye, wadutyulwa ngoko nangoko emva kokubanjwa, kwelinye - iye yafa ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo.

Ngowe-1937 Judo koko bekufundiswa kwikharityhulam kumaziko aphakamileyo emfundo kwe-physical education. NgoSeptemba waloo nyaka yakhupha umyalelo malunga umtsalane Ummi Oshchepkova kutshutshiso solwaphulo zaseMelika wakhetha Japan. Ngoxa khomiwile ebusuku yayiqhelekile kwilizwe liphela. Siye zawa phantsi urhano kwindawo yokuqala abo baye phesheya. Oshchepkov sengqondo, ngelishwa, kule didi lwabantu.

Oku ezibuhlungu cinga amadoda yamfikela emininzi evunyiweyo kunye okhanyayo ixesha. Emva kweminyaka engama-20, kwimeko ukubanjwa iya kujongisiswa kwakhona yaye ecacisa ukuthi Vasiliya Oschepkova entolongweni amacala ngokungekho mthethweni. Wayeqonda ukuba Judo hlobo njengoko, akayi kusombulula zonke imiba yokuzikhusela.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, engqongqo, isimbo esithintelweyo yokulwa nabo bafumana "ezamahala zobugcisa", apho bonke ubuchule zaye aziwa kwimfezeko kunye athathwe kwezinye izikolo ngamazwe. Ngoko ke wazalwa umdlalo omtsha - Sambo. Waza waqala ukubafundisa nguVasili Oshchepkov ukulwa Sambo.

impilo Personal

Umsunguli Sambo Vasily Oshchepkov wayetshatile kathathu. Emva kokuba umtshato nomfazi wakhe wokuqala, n Zhuravleva, intliziyo hero yethu wabetha intombazana eneminyaka eli-17 ubudala Harbin. ngoko UMaria wagqiba iklasi igrama lokugqibela. Luthando efanayo xa uqala, kodwa Maria wabulawa sephepha. Umfazi wakhe sesithathu - Anna Ivanovna Kazembek, Basil efumaneka eMoscow.

Nangona isibakala sokuba ubomi Oshchepkova Wayeqhogene ezemidlalo, ezempilo, yinto eyahlukileyo. Ude ukuqeqesha akazange off T-shirt kunye shirts, abafundi bathi, ukuba weyisayo isifo solusu. Njengokuba elivisayo waba iingxaki iinwele, eyichebile kungachetywa ntloko ngenxa lysel.

Ukuvuselelwa judo

Xa imvuselelo eSoviet Union Judo yenzeka 60s, kwangaxeshanye, ingqeqesho zifakiwe kwi-Olimpiki. Kwakhona ngokusekelwe ikarati ekulweni Sambo.

Xa ngobomi kunye nembali nophuhliso Oshchepkova Sambo yi ingongoma umdla. Kuninzi imithombo zasekhaya ibizwa ngunozala uqeqesho. Kakade ke, kuba uyazi ukuba omnye bemeko- mdlalo popular compatriot wethu, zintle kakhulu. Noko ke, ubulungisa kufuneka kuthiwe ukuba kukho abachasi yale ngxelo.

Kule ngxabano kubonakala omnye ubuso, kwaye zityalwa - Spiridonov uViktor Afanasevich, nto leyo iye yaqwalasela i wrestlers onguvulindlela-Sambo. Ngendlela, ukuba wasebenzisa igama elithi "Samba" kuqala. Kwakukho abathile bathi itayitile judo nguvulindlela kunye Sambo. Oshchepkov kakuhle ifanelwe isihloko kangangokuba kuyasetyenzwa kwakhona ekhethekileyo ezaziwayo-kakuhle ikarati, ukudala isimbo sakhe.

inkqubo yophuhliso Judo isekelwe phezu zokucwangcisa Japanese Kodokan nejudo. Le art iye ngokobuxhakaxhaka yahlaziywa yaza ahlanganiswe iindlela ezintsha, ezithatyathwe kwiinkqubo ezininzi wokhuselo ngezizwe ikarati, wrestling, manqindi. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, olu qeqesho iye yaguquka yaba sisiCwangciso inkqubo liqulathwe-ngokwalo efanelekileyo.

inkqubo judo Oshchepkova kwasekwa ngokupheleleyo ekuqaleni 30. Phucula inceda iingcali Soviet ephambili ezahlukeneyo ikarati, abafundi kunye nabancedisi.

Ukukhunjulwa ubungqondi Sambo

In memory of the owaseka Judo yesizwe kowama-2000, nto wasekwa lemidlalo Sambo phesheya eRashiya. Ekwindla 2012 master Monument Sambo yavulwa Vladivostok. "Judo Federation Imidlalo 'inxaxheba kwi popularization elifa Oshchepkova Sakhalin. Abasemagunyeni zengingqi yaxhasa isiphakamiso igama elinye ezitratweni amatsha Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk ogama VS Oshchepkova.

Oshchepkov Wakhe, zobugcisa ekhethekileyo omtsha bokulwa esekelwe judo. ingqalelo kakhulu yahlawulwa iindlela ubabethayo, yaye umsebenzi ngaphandle iingubo, amaqhinga, ndingekasuswa Chinese ubuciko bokulwa.

UPawulos

Oku kungenzeka neze ukuze zazi igalelo imidlalo kazwelonke hlola Vasily Sergeyevich yiSoviet owayesebenza eJapan iminyaka emininzi. Ibali lobomi bakhe kwaye ngoku engqongwe amavo, umntu uyazi ngokuqinisekileyo: a ubuntu ekhethekileyo - Vasily Oshchepkov. Ibali lobomi bakhe xa ebona abaphandi - abathanda ngubani ozama ukubuyisela ulwazi malunga ngobomi bakhe.

yonke ubomi inkosi njengokuzaliseka sisivakalisi engaqhelekanga: yena wazalwa usapho amabanjwa asinda apho kufa bonke. Ngokungummangaliso kwathi gqi eJapan phantsi kweliso uNicholas eJapan, waya Lycée amanqaku ngenkuthalo. Waba ngumfundi judo ngumseki Jigoro Kano.

Le mfazwe yamakhaya, udlame obungenasiphelo Primorye - igqithiselwa kwi Oshchepkov Basil. Yena waba intlola e Sakhalin wasebenza eJapan, yaphindela eSoviet Union, banikwe ngokupheleleyo mdlalo yecandelo judo wavula yaye liphuhlise olu qeqesho.

Wakhonza Army Japanese, ezisebenze ngayo kunye counterintelligence sasebukhosini, wahlala ixesha elide kwilizwe ilanga eliphumayo.

Oku zemidlalo ezibalaseleyo, wafa eneminyaka engama-44, xa kwincopho amathuba zabo zobugcisa, abaninzi izicwangciso zayo namabhongo, akazange aqonde.