Biography Inkcukacha Valentin Kataev

Akukho nto ayimangalisi kukuba Valentin Kataev yaziwa ngcono ngokuba umbhali yabantwana. Noko ke, bambalwa abantu bazi ukuba bawongwa zihlangane ze St. George, i-Order of St. uAnne degree 4-th, ezintathu IMbasa ye Lenin, abe isihloko uHero Socialist Labour (1974) kunye winner State Prize for inoveli yakhe "I yingxubuwa Box" (1946).

Kweli nqaku siza kuthetha okungakumbi ukuze siphile ngayo Valentin Kataev. Biography kanye umsebenzi wababhali akakwazi kodwa beqikelela umdla.

Odessa-Mama

Valentin Petrovich wazalwa e Odessa, kaJanuwari 28, 1897 xa intsapho ofundileyo. uyise wakhe unyana wombingeleli evela Vyatka, kananjalo vermja wakhe wayefuna ukulandela ekhondweni likayise, kodwa, akuba dyondze sabefundisi, watshintsha ikhondo kwi Novorossiysk University of History and Philology, waza wafundisa e Odessa ngodaba yesikolo Diocesan.

unina zombhali yaba intombi jikelele yakhe. Usapho bahlala ngolonwabo emva, kodwa hayi ixesha elide. Kungekudala emva kokuzalwa umntakwabo Valentine - Eugene - umfazi wabulawa yinyumoniya. Kunye neenkedama ethathwe yi kwimfundo kodade wabo.

Valentin Kataev: biography, iifoto

Valentin and Eugene ukususela ebuntwaneni zabethelela ukuthanda yoncwadi lwamandulo, endlwini wabo ilayibrari enkulu. Abazali badla funda iincwadi zabo ngokuvakalayo.

Le ngobomi eyonwabisayo noncwadi. kamva Kataev Valentin Petrovich wakhumbula ukuba kwiincwadi zakhe wayesoloko wachaza usapho onengqondo, kunye kwase labo, njengoko umthetho, intsapho yakhe, ebelisoloko waba neentlobano ubushushu, ukuhlonipheka enzulu ephilwe.

Valentin uneminyaka 12 yaqala ukubhala isihobe, leyo ukufunda zonke emgceni: izalamane, amaqabane kunye nabahlobo. Wayenomdla ngokoluvo lwabo. Kwaye ngoko ke, njengoko yesikolo, baqala ukubaleka-ofisi wokuhlela, apho imibongo yakhe Musa ukungxama ukuba ukushicilela. Kuphela kombongo omnye "Ukwindla" kodwa yapapashwa ngo-1910 ngo "Odessa kwiGazethi".

Kwanika nje amaphiko ukuba elivisayo nyaka elishumi ubudala. Ukuba ahlasele i lomhleli wayeza ukuba bathabathe nomzalwana wakhe. Eugene ikhumbula ukuba wakhala xa urhuqe naye kwelo hlelo elandelayo kuba omnye woyika ukuya Valentine. Ke kubo bonke, yaye waqhubeka de comrade bakhe Izabelo zange icebise ukuba aye kuyise - Umbhali Mitrofanovich Alexander Fedorov.

Kungekudala sele wayemele Kataeva njengomfundi ekwaziyo kakhulu. Fedorov waqhelana naye ngemisebenzi Ivan Bunin. Kwaye ke ukuba inkwenkwe Ummangaliso imibongo lokwenene. Ngoko nangoko wabuza kuyise ukuba athenge kuye ingqokelela yemibongo Bunin. Uyise imvakalelo wema iinyembezi, wacinga ukuba, ekugqibeleni, unyana wakhe kubuyela ezingqondweni.

iphupho

Minyaka e Odessa watyelela Bunin. Kwaye lixesha ukuze ukwazi kubo ngokobuqu. Yayiyimini ebaluleke kakhulu ngekamva umbhali, kunye ibali ngobomi bakhe. Kataev Valentin Petrovich waba umfundi umfuziselo wembongi odumileyo. Wasifundisa ukuba umsebenzi, ukubhala umbongo yonke imihla, yaye kolu phando njengoko piyano kwi ipiyano, njalo ufunde ubuchule bakhe.

Bunin Wathi umfundi wakhe, kungenjalo ebhavunyelweyo italente yakhe iqula lamanzi akuthethi uthabathe kuzo elide. Kataev wayengazi ukuba ukubhala ngayo, kodwa Bunin wayesithi ukuba kuyimfuneko ukubhala rhoqo, nokuba ngaphandle iphefumlelwe kuyimfuneko ukuba uyabona, umzekelo, ulwandle, ilitye kwibhentshi.

Bunin ayenziwanga kakhulu kukholiswa umnqweno Kataeva ukupapasha zonke mbongo e Odessa print nokupapasha iinkqubo kunye bacetyiswa ukuba sukela okwangoku. Wayesazi imbongi entsha, kodwa wachaza ukuba eli nyathelo ukuthatha ixesha kuba ngelo xesha, kakhulu, wakhawuleza, yapapashwa imisebenzi emininzi amandla kwabangomeleleyo, leyo ngoku buhlungu kakhulu.

thandanani

Biography Valentin Kataev iqulethe izibakala umdla uhlobo yothando, kuba kungekudala emva koko yonke ukuthanda kukho. usapho Kufuphi babehlala Kataev Alexeev.

Intombi enkulu Colonel Alekinskogo, ogama Irene, le ntwazana enemisebenzi yaphuhliswa. Waziqaba, ngumthi ochweliweyo, badlale ipiyano, wabhala lyrics yaye zibhalwe intle yokubhala. Ngoko endlwini Aleksinskoye ngokwayo zenza club zoncwadi abathandi umbongo. Ukuze eze ndikhwele, ezingenakulinganiswa kunceda kodwa bawe eyayithandana intombazana emnandi entle kakhulu, wamtshabalalisa lukhulu yemibongo bakhe, yaye kwiminyaka emininzi kamva saba umfanekiso kwase of namaqhawekazi bakhe zamabali.

impi

Ngowe-1915, Kataev hayi kokugqiba kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, kwanyanzeleka ukuba ahambe ngenxa ngaphambili. Wakhonza umkhosi phantsi umyalelo laloo ummelwane efanayo ngoku Alexinsky Jikelele, uyise Irene, apho wabhala iincwadi zakhe, ezimela dugouts efumileyo, kuxinana nemnyama. Apho wayesoloko vsominal amaxesha ezizukileyo elidlulileyo nendlela Wavuma uthando kwintombazana elisendlwini yabo phezu ibhalkhoni.

Nditsho imfazwe Kataev, ekubeni rhoqo phantsi emlilweni, waba umnqophiso Bunin: ukubhala rhoqo yonke imihla. Ngelo xesha, uye wadala amabali amaninzi amafutshane nezincoko, ezithi ke ngoko wathumela ukuba intanda yakhe iijenali metropolitan.

ukubuya

Biography Valentin Kataev libotshelelwe ngakumbi yokuba wabuyela yakowabo Odessa yakhe kufunda esikoleni ngoDisemba 1916. Umlilo ngexesha lemfazwe, wathabatha phezu ezinye leenyanga zakhe kakuhle wachitha kwimeko-bume intsapho elungileyo. Kwakhona, ixesha elininzi elichithwa Aleksinskoye Valentin Kataev (biography emfutshane, kodwa ukhankanye ezi zibakala) kunye nemibongo azinikezele Irina. kwincwadi yakhe zizizalise kwakhona ngelixa kakhulu.

Kodwa ngoMeyi 1917 waphinda ekhohlo ukuya phambili, apho yena uhlatywe kakhulu, yaye ngoNovemba waba kwisibhedlele Odessa. Kwathi kamsinya nje akuba waziva isiqabu encinane, waqala ngoko nangoko mna ukusebenza kwi anthology "sonnets ezintathu", epapashwe ngowe-1918 Kulo nyaka mnye wafumana iindaba uIrene wayeka ukumthanda. Ngokuba kuye, la mazwi bevuthela ngathi isigwebo sokufa. Noko ke, ubomi ngokupheleleyo.

revolution

Waqala baxhabasha iminyaka, ukususela 1917 ukuya 1920 bacule amandla zatshintsha izihlandlo ezili-14. Urhulumente eSoviet ayibanga onako ukunizimasa ngokwayo, yaye isixeko wahlala phantsi kolawulo Hetman Skoropadsky. Odessa sele indawo yokuhamba ngenxa yokushiywa IsiRashiya ukuya eBerlin, eParis kunye eConstantinople. Ngoko ke wahamba phandle esimelela: Ivan Bunin, Alexei Tolstoy, kunye nabanye ababhali ezaziwayo-kakuhle nongqondongqondo.

kamva Kataev wakhonza emkhosini amavolontiya balwa phezu wempi "New Russia". Kungekudala fever baba ingca namhlophe kunye ebomvu. Kwakhona umbhali walinda kwisibhedlele Odessa kunye recovery - umsebenzi kwi-Arhente Telegraph. Njengegosa owayesakuba, wafakwa entolongweni, belicinga sokudubula, kodwa kamva ndafunda ukuba umbhali Kataeva kodwa wakhululwa.

Ezi zinto zagxila ke ngokwaneleyo yobomi. Esizukulwaneni sakhe kwamagosa esingayilungisanga ilawulwe okanye hayi ungafuna ukuhamba eRashiya, ukuba ukwaluphala phantse akukho mntu waphila, kwabulawa 20 zabo wakhawula kwi 37. Oku wada wayefuna ukuba abhale incwadi, kwaye ebudaleni bakhe benza.

eMoscow

Ngowe-1921, xa uyise wabulawa indlala, kunye olunzulu waya eKharkov, kude inkumbulo kunye Cheka, uze emva koko waya eMoscow, apho waqalisa ukusebenza kwiphephandaba "bell". Le yokushiywa kwikomkhulu eziphanzileyo, wada banduluka umzalwana kunye nabahlobo bakhe.

Indlu lishicilela, wayedibana ugqirha Mihailom Bulgakovym, kakhulu, owayesakuba White Guard kwaye kananjalo wanamathela ngenxa umkhuhlane. Bona babe ngabahlobo. yonke anayo lababhali Wayehlala kwigumbi Kataeva kwi Chistye Prudy.

Bulgakov watyelela Lola udade, skate uthando kunye naye ngoko nangoko yaye lenza isithembiso. Lola wala kuye, uze ngokukhawuleza Valentin watshata Anna Kovalenko - mculi. inkampani yakhe ngoko nangoko wanika intombazana isiteketiso Mam Mucha.

Kwaye ngoko ke ngokuzolileyo wadlula zonke milestones, wabhala ngento ndifuna yaye ukuthandayo lucky.

Ngexesha Enkulu Patriotic Valentin Petrovich yaba othile of "PRAVDA" waza wenza epapasha iincwadi malunga imfazwe. Ngowe-1942, amaJamani wadubula phantsi-moya ukusuka eMoscow ukuya Novorossiysk kunye nomzalwana wakhe, naye umbhali, Eugene. UTom Ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka engama-39 ubudala yaye yona co-umbhali I. Ilf inoveli "Izitulo 12" yaye "The Golden ithole".

Yena wake wasebenza njengomhloli kuphando lolwaphulo-Odessa, yaye emva koko kwi-Odessa zokupapasha, apho wadibana Iley Faynzilbergom (alias Ilf), kodwa ke Valentin wabasa eMoscow waza wanika ingcamango inoveli malunga Bender. Kwathiwa even said ukuba olunzulu waza waba prototype yakhe.

Inkolelo yabantwana

Exakayo ngokuba thina namhlanje ukuba babhale yonke elizibalula awayephila kulo, Valentin Kataev, biography.

Ngokuba abantwana, endleleni, yena ubhale inani elikhulu lwamabali iintsomi, uninzi lwazo wahlolwa kwaye ethandwa kakhulu.

Biography Valentin Kataev imnandi yaye inika umdla predstalvyaetsya akukwazeki ukuba ukuyihlanganisa yonke. Noko ke, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba wayethandwa kwaye zixabisekile. Emva kwemfazwe, uba umhleli we "Youth" yaye kuya kusenza italente entsha.

Umbhali iya ngokonwaba kakhulu ukutshata kunye uEstere Brenner, leyo ubomi iminyaka 55, kwaye ngoku wamnyamekela nothando bonke ubomi bakhe. UEstere wamzalela abantwana ababini - intombi Eugenia kunye nonyana uPawulos.

Biography Valentin Kataev - yindlela ende. Umbhali wayesoloko emsebenzini yaye waphila ixesha elide iminyaka 90. Wabulawa ngumhlaza ngo-1986, ngo-Aprili 12. engcwabeni lakhe kwi Novodevichy Amangcwaba eMoscow.