Bone inyama: iimpawu zesakhiwo nemisebenzi

Bone lolwabo na iimpawu ezithile ngomatshini yemeko axhasayo leyo ubunjwe iiseli bone kunye neziphakathi ezizodwa. Isakhiwo kubandakanya eliphakathi collagen ifayibha (matrix bone) kunye nemixube ezahlukeneyo nezingaphiliyo. Ngaphezu koko, ithishu bone umntu inkqubo lacunary-canalicular kuqulethe kwesixokelelwano lacunae esasinokubonwa canaliculi nokunika ukutya ofaka.

Iiseli Bone izinto kweentlobo ezintathu: osteoclasts, osteoblasts kunye osteocytes. Osteoclasts - Iseli enkulu multinucleated imvelaphi monocytic, ubukhulu apho besukelana microns 190. Ezi seli zinenxaxheba resorption (intshabalalo) ngethambo kunye intlala. Ngaphantsi ngokutsha ukusebenza komzimba kunye reparative of resorption ithambo, osteoclasts sithwalwe ngazo. umsebenzi Osteoclast luxhomekeke ngqo kwi-mali ka-hormone parathyroid, ukwenyuka kuyondelelaniswe leyo iquka ukusebenza ngayo umsebenzi osteoclast, esa entshabalalweni wethambo.

Osteoblasts - beselula iiseli bone cube polygonal ibakho kwiingcamba komhlaba ithambo yaye ejikelezwe yi microfibrils collagen obhityileyo. Umsebenzi ongundoqo osteoblasts kukuba nokulungelelanisa amacandelo matrix extracellular - collagen amathambo kunye ehlukene olawula.

Osteocytes yaye zicwangciswe izithuba ezi fusiform mnogootrostchatye iiseli ithambo aqolileyo, olawula ukutya ofaka.

Kukho iindidi ezimbini esiqwini bone: erhabaxa-fibered igqabi. Xa abadala, umxhesho ontlakantlaka-fibered isicwili bone ibekwe amalungu, yaba lukakayi, namathambo imimandla uthimbo ukuba imisipha, iqulethe amorphous iinyanda yaye uphazamisekile angqingqwa imicu collagen. Ukubunjwa ithambo lamellar kuquka macwecwe ithambo Ebubanzini 4-15 microns osteocytes, into esisiseko neerhali collagen ebhityile.

Bone lolwabo, kwakunye namanye amalungu omzimba womntu ubethwa inflammations ezahlukeneyo, kunye nezifo. Kwamagciwane ukudumba ingasiwa kuyo egazini, okt. E. Indlela hematogenous, xa kunokwenzeka ukuba isigulana umntu ubovu ezonka. Ukudumba bone okuthiwa osteomyelitis predisposing izinto ongayi kuba beriberi, kwentlungu, ukudinwa, ukupholisa njalo njalo. Kuxhomekeka ubunzulu kunye nesantya osteomyelitis ukwahlula iifom ezingapheliyo, etsolo kunye subacute kwesi sifo.

Kwesiphumo izihlunu elide ukudumba ithambo ukuvaleka nemithambo kunye kwegazi (thrombosis). Ngoko ke, ndayihluthwa esiqwini ithambo isondlo iqalisa ukuba ndidilize mertvet kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kukho necrosis (necrosis) nokutshatyalaliswa ijwabu ithambo. Ukongeza, kukho alahle kwiindawo bone necrotic kunye nokulahlekelwa unxibelelwano nale nyama ithambo sempilweni, uMenzi ebizwa ngokuba yi-sequesters.

Izizathu eziphambili ezibangela osteomyelitis (ukudumba ithambo inyama) kukho iintsholongwane pyogenic: streptococci, staphylococci kunye pneumococci, kwaye isisu, eletha icesina kunye nezinye ziintsholongwane. Iindidi osteomyelitis ingqalelo izifo ukudumba ezifana nesifo sephepha, felon amathambo kunye namathambo.

unyango Osteomyelitis kukuba ukutshabalalisa usuleleko kunye nemithi, ezo ezikhethiweyo ngamnye ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo iintsholongwane. Antibiotics ithatha malunga neenyanga ezimbini. Iintsuku zokuqala iziyobisi weyele ifomu ipilisi, xa iintsuku ezine akukho mpucuko waphawula, ichiza ilawulwa yegazi okanye ukuqhubeka ngqo embindini osteomyelitis.