Chloroacetic acid: Ukulungiselela kunye neempawu zeekhemikhali

Chloroacetic asidi acetic acid, apho enye athom hydrogen kwiqela imethyl ubanjelwe chlorine atom free. Le walungisa ngokuhlanganisa acetic acid chlorine.

Owona ekrwada ezibonakalayo ukuze ulungiselele acetic acid. Chloroacetic acid ungafumaneka kwakhona yi haydrolisis of trichlorethylene.

Haydrolisis imveliso iikhemikhali nyulu ifunyenwe. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela iquka ukusetyenziswa kwe ecocekileyo amanzi Yek akukho ukungcola.

Chloroacetic acid isetyenziswa ukuze bafumane iintlobo ngeentlobo iidayi, iziyobisi, iivithamini kunye izitshabalalisi ezahlukeneyo. Ithi isetyenziswe umphezulu-esebenzayo iikhompawundi (surfactants).

Chlorination of acetic acid njengolwimi ehlanganisa ezingaphiliyo (oko kukuthi acetic acetic, isalfure phosphorus) wafumana chloroacetic acid, ogama ifomula CH ₂ Cl-COOH:

CH ₃ -COOH + Cl ₂ ↑ → => CH ₂ Cl-COOH + HCl.

iipropati ngokomzimba

Chloroacetic asidi hygroscopic, crystal ngaphaya ukuba iqondo lokubila 61,2 ° C kunye nendawo okubila 189,5 ° C. Le nto ayikho lula ezinyibilikayo (as in utywala okanye ngendlela zolwelo medium, kwakunye acetone, benzene, kunye carbon tetrachloride).

Monochloroacetic acid - into ziyityhefu kwaye kakhulu eziyingozi xa tapeworm elithanda kubonwa ukufa. Emva zidibene nesikhumba chloroacetic acid ebangela ukutsha kakhulu ukuba akukho ndiphilise ixesha elide.

Inhalation acid umphunga ibonakala utshintsho ukudumba emiphungeni, kwakunye kwisiqwenga eliphezulu kwaye ukungaphefumli.

Ukusebenza izityalo industrial ekuveliseni monochloroacetic acid Wabandezeleka kophulwa umthetho ivumba, rhinopharyngitis esinganyangekiyo, bechuba kwaye kome isikhumba.

izitshanguba Kwakhona ngexesha intsebenziswano elide kunye zizinto ndlongondlongo kuvandlakanywa ye sangaphandle yesikhumba, wavakalisa dermatitis eziphelweni ubuso, intamo, eliphezulu nolusezantsi, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo - umntla.

Chloroacetic acid emzimbeni womntu iguqulelwa acid tiodiuksusnuyu, nto leyo esiswini saso endleni kunye nomchamo.

Iindlela ezingundoqo imiqathango ukusetyenziswa:

- ayikukhuthazi aphefumle umphunga, irhasi, umsi, nothuli;

- Sisoloko sisebenzisa izixhobo zakho xa esenza umsebenzi enxulumene udibane acid (iiovaroli kungenwa nto, izibuko zokhuseleko, iibhutsi irabha kunye neeglavu);

- kwimeko inhalation okanye ngokudibana acid kwi nesikhumba kufuneka ngoko nangoko bafune unyango abanezakhono kwi kwiziko lonyango elikufutshane.

Ubuninzi sivumelekile xi isondlo ezikhuselekileyo chloroacetic acid emoyeni igumbi imalunga omnye mg / m ^3.

Ukuba izithuthi acid, oko lupakishwa kwisingxobo polymeric (emaqokobheni okanye umphanda), imigqomo ifayibha neenkonkxa nensimbi. Ngaba kuthuthwa ngayo nayiphi na into yokuhamba nesigqubuthelo.

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba monochloroacetic asidi ezinokutsha kunye Uyadubula. Le nto ezinokutsha kakhulu.