"Diaskintest": ncomo. "Diaskintest" kwi uxilongo lwesifo sephepha

Uxilongo lwesifo sephepha le nigqibela ngakumbi nangakumbi. Endaweni ngeendlela zakudala kuza ezintsha, oluchanekileyo ngakumbi abachubekileyo. Ezi ziquka Diaskintest.

Yintoni na?

Diaskintest - yokusabela, into efana Mantoux, ke, into olubuthathaka kakhulu ukuba abantu Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Njengoko ngokunjalo uvavanyo Mantoux, isetyenziswa kakhulu ebantwaneni, nangona kwezinye iimeko imiboniso kunye nabantu abadala.

Le ndlela isasazeke kutshanje. Umfutho indalo yayo yaba kukuba uvavanyo Mantoux akazange ukunika ulwazi oluchanekileyo ukuze izoba ukuba abahluza mikobatery nisemzimbeni (njengoko ngumlinganiselo ubukhali ohlobo ezimbini - zabantu kunye mycobacteria lenkomo).

Inaliti Okukodwa phantse 90 ekhulwini, ngoxa isampuli ngovakalelo tuberculin ayidluli 50 Ngenxa yoko iqondo eliphezulu lwabantwana iziphumo zobuxoki akachanekanga.

Kufuneka ube ukuqonda indlela bamthwala Diaskintest ukufumana ukuba yeyiphi, nto leyo ibonisa indlela abasabela ngayo.

Njani na indlela?

Diaskintest ngokwayo, amanqaku leyo okwangoku bamhlophe HIV, akukho ezahlukeneyo ukusuka nkqubo Mantoux uvavanyo. Kuqulunqo sampuli ngomhla kwicala elingaphakathi yengalo. inaliti Intradermal ifakiwe a ngemilimitha ezimbalwa. Emva ulawulo ichiza kwi papule inaliti amiliswe nge uhlobo kumphezulu "lemon udiliza". Emva kwethuba (iintsuku njenge emva ezimbini) ayivavanyi kwasekwa papules.

tuberculosis Diaskintest ngokuyimfuneko wenziwe kule ndawo ngokukodwa yaxhobisa okanye amagumbi unyango. Akuvunyelwe ukwenza inaliti ekhaya, ngokunjalo ngabasebenzi bangaqeqeshwanga ngaphandle imiqathango emisiweyo inzalo. Oku kukhokelela kuphuhliso iingxaki emva nkqubo.

Ukuze ubone iziphumo utshintsho isifundo ezihloliweyo kummandla, apho wabekwa Diaskintest.

Ukuvavanywa iziphumo zovavanyo lwenziwa ngokwemiqathango ethile. Xa ufumana isiphumo esibi (azizange zichongwe nayiphi na iikhrayitheriya) okanye phinda ukufunda ngqo iimviwo ngakumbi kwi-arhente ezikhethekileyo.

Zeziphi iimpawu kusetyenziswa ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwenkqubo kunye nemeko yobume bempilo yakhe?

Indlela yokugweba ye-yovavanyo

Emva kokuba lwenziwe Diaskintest, uvavanyo lwenziwa yi ubukho utshintsho kwindawo inaliti.

Ngokwesiqhelo, kuyo inaliti kufuneka iqulunqwe izowuni hyperemia. Imbonakalo yayo ngenxa yokwanda igazi kwemali nesiza isitofu kwakunye indlela yendawo nawo.

ubukhulu papules kuxhomekeke iqondo lo omzimba. Ubukhulu bepali ezinkulu kwasekwa papules, ngokuqina omzimba. Noko ke, amancinci kakhulu, okanye icala, ubungakanani enkulu ngokugqithiseleyo izinto disadvantageous iimpawu papules, njengoko kwabonakala inkqubo okuncitshiswe okanye overactive omzimba kunye impendulo yayo kusungulo antigen amazwe.

Ukongeza, papule wambumba umntu xa kuthelekiswa iziphumo ezidlulileyo, ukucaza Dynamics utshintsho. Xa kukho indlela omhle Diaskintest, iifoto kunye nemilinganiselo ngokuyimfuneko papules kuthelekiswa neziphumo zangaphambili. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ngeli xesha (unyaka basabela lwangaphambili) ebantwini kwabakho obekudibene nezigulana TB. Kuloo meko ifuna uthelekiso kunye neziphumo ngaphambili.

tuberculosis Diaskintest kubonwa olwenziwe yonke imithetho nemimiselo, ukuba naziphi na ezimbini kwezi milinganiselo elapha ngasentla.

nokutolikwa iziphumo

Kwenzeka njani ukuba bagwebe ubukho antibodies Mycobacterium?

Evaluation Diaskintest zenziwa ngokwemigaqo ebekiweyo ezimbini - bomvu kuyo inaliti kunye nobukhulu.

Ukuba isiza inaliti ayikho ummandla ukuxinana, oku kubonisa ukuba inkqubo iye yenziwa ngokungachanekanga okanye amajoni omzimba akanamandla kangangokuba akakwazi ukuphendula nolawulo ezisegazini. Oku kwakhona kuboniswa kukungabikho papules kuyo inaliti.

Ukuba kukho ububomvu kunye iqhakuva amancinci (4 mm), wahlulelwa inkqubo buthathaka omzimba. Loo yoko a nga ukuthetha nokuba antibodies ezimbalwa kakhulu, kwaye umzimba ukuba ungene mycobacteria abakwazi ukumelana nayo.

Yintoni na isiphumo umntu abasempilweni Diaskintest? norm yalo ukusuka-4 ukuya ku-12 mm, ebonisa ukuba umsebenzi eqhelekileyo kwamajoni omzimba kwaye omzimba eziyimfuneko.

Ukuba yonke ngequbuliso kuyo inaliti papule kuyilwa ezinkulu kwe-12 mm, oku kubonisa ukungahlaliseki kwamajoni omzimba, ie uxabane basenokuba ukuphendula kwii-mycobacteria.

Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba iziphumo abadala kunye nabantwana inokuba nomahluko kancinane omnye komnye. Xa abadala, nto leyo yabekwa Diaskintest, umlinganiselo iya kuba kancinane ngakumbi - ukusuka mm-4 ukuya 16. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba kule abadala emzimbeni womntu omzimba ngaphezu umntwana. Inxenye ke kubo isebenze phambi kulingisa antigenic - an iantigens of Mycobacterium anokuqondwa iproteni lwamazwe angaphandle komnye silwanyana, yaye impendulo, omnye isebenze iiseli aziqinisa indlela ngandlel nawo.

Ngamanye amaxesha ukungabikho papules okanye zobukhulu ezinkulu kunokuthiwa ukuba le nkqubo wenziwe ngokungachanekanga. Qiniseka ukuba uchitha enye ingcaciso. japan phindo (negative okanye positive re Diaskintest) ibonisa kokubonisana phthisiatrician.

labantu bendawo

Oku kwakhona kuboniswa kule nkqubo?

Qiniseka i sifundo siqhutywa abantwana ukuya kwiminyaka eli-17. Oku kungenxa yokuba indlela eziphambili sokuhluza sephepha - fluorography - ezinxulumene-X-reyi, nto leyo enokuchaphazela inkqubo yophuhliso yomzimba yomntwana. Kungenxa yoko le nto kukhethwa kusungulo antigen ngaphezu kwemitha.

Inaliti lwenziwa abantwana malunga iinyanga ezintandathu emva ulawulo lwe-BCG lokugonya. Ngeli xesha kufuneka nexesha ukwenza antibodies awakwazi le mycobacteria, nto leyo eyenza isifundo efanelekileyo.

Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba iqalise le nkqubo ukuze abantu bemi kwi-akhawunti endocrinologist malunga nesifo seswekile.

Onke ngaphandle kokukhetha Diaskintest kuqhutywa phambi ebalulekileyo utshintsho papules kuthelekiswa isifundo elidlulileyo (Inkqubo lwenziwa kanye ngonyaka, kodwa wenziwe isifundo nezingacwangciselwanga ukuya amaxesha 3).

Positive Diaskintest kuxhomekeka kwi izivakalisi ukukhonza abantu (ezintolongweni, amathanga), ngoko ke kufuneka uphando olwenziwa izihlandlo ezimbalwa ngonyaka.

ubungqina

Diaskintest njengoko uvavanyo Mantoux, yinkqubo nje zokuxilonga ejoliswe esweni ubunzima sephepha ebantwaneni.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, le sifundo waqhuba acwangcisiweyo, kodwa kukho ezinye ezibonisa ukuba ihambo lawo.

Ngenxa yoko izinto predisposing izinto ukujika indlela Mantoux, uhlaziyo kwakheka papules ebalulekileyo xa kuthelekiswa neziphumo zangaphambili. Xa abantwana ixesha elide (kwenyanga ngaphezu kwesinye), icesina ephantsi-grade kunye nobukho ukhohlokhohlo owomileyo kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba bayenze kwakhona yoviwo, kuquka Diaskintest. Iifoto kwesifuba (photofluorogram) kule meko yenziwa ngokwemvume yabazali bomntwana kwaye kusetyenziselwa ukungqinisisa uxilongo.

Ukongeza, uphononongo oluyimfuneko abantwana kunye nabantu abadala abanesifo seswekile (ukusukela sifo kudale uphuhliso omzimba, ibhexesha umthondo lo pathogen emzimbeni kunye nophuhliso yenkqubo esosulelayo).

Qiniseka ukuba aqhube i abantwana uvavanyo nezingacwangciselwanga kabani ziye kokufunyaniswa tuberculosis abazali.

Izimo

Njengayo nayiphi na inkqubo, Diaskintest kwezinye Izimo for. Ezi ziquka hypersensitivity ukuya izithako ichiza, ngokunjalo kukho usuleleko inxaxheba kwisifundo (Diaskintest ayekwazi kwisicelo ukususela isitofu lwenziwa kwi ingalo eliphezulu, apho isikhumba ibhityile ngokwaneleyo ukubonelela ukuyilwa papules. Ezinye iinkalo umzimba hayi apha esikhumbeni njalo ukuphatha ukufumana iziphumo ezinqwenelekayo).

Kukho kwakhona umda kubudala. Le nkqubo ke akwenziwanga ngendlela ezisanda kuzalwa kunye nabantwana ngaphambili zigonywe BCG.

Nge ukufundisisa olwenziwe phambi kwabantu abane immunodeficiency, ekubeni ulawulo awakwazi kunokubangela impendulo olungachanekanga eziphilayo.

benefits Diaskintest

Njengoko yaziwa, Diaskintest endaweni uvavanyo Mantoux. Oku kungenxa yokuba uvavanyo Mantoux ayiniki iziphumo ezichanekileyo malunga lezibulala ngokuchasene Mycobacterium tuberculosis oluntu (ibhaqa ubukho elilwa iintlobo ezimbini mycobacteria). Diaskintest, phthisiologists iimpendulo leyo kakhulu omhle, le nkqubo ijolise ngokucacileyo, njengoko ukulungiswa injectable iquka omzimba kuphela m. Tuberculosis.

Kukho iimeko ekwanti xa emva inaliti Mantoux uvavanyo phantsi ekuphuhliseni tuberculosis esebenzayo. Ngokwamanani epidemiological Diaskintest ekhuselekileyo kuba iqulathe akukho mycobacteria esebenzayo, yaye kuphela awakwazi zabo ukukhuthaza imveliso omzimba. reactions Hypersensitivity phantse ze iphuhlise phezu zolawulo ichiza.

Ekubeni le nkqubo akukho ezahlukeneyo ukusuka tuberculin eziqhelekileyo, enze ezininzi wabongikazi yenkqubo abaqeqeshiweyo.

Izimvo zezigulane amagqirha

Ngeli xesha lifutshane esetyenziswa Diaskintest, wafumana yonge ingxelo evela kwizigulane kunye kumagqirha.

Xa isifundo kwiiforam ezininzi, nto leyo banxibelelane izigulane sephepha okanye izalamane zabo, eyayibanjelwe Diaskintest, izimvo becala HIV. Ngokutsho ebantwini, le nkqubo ilula ukuphumeza, akunyanzelekanga ukuba nabo naluphi na uqeqesho.

Yintoni abantu bacinga kwesi sihlandlo oogqirha? Iingcali ezininzi TB oyikholelwayo ukuba Diaskintest inkqubo isebenziseka ngaphezu Mantoux uvavanyo okanye epidermal isampuli Pirke (kungoku nje kusetyenziswa). Ingakumbi aphezulu ichiza ivumela ngokuqiniseka phantse ngokupheleleyo ukuqinisekisa ubukho mycobacteria emzimbeni, kunye nonyango kwangoko. izigulane ezininzi ikhankasela ukuqinisekisa ukuba sasingafuni fluorogram (nolubonise kuphela sifo), wegqitha Diaskintest. Izimvo oogqirha malunga nenkqubo phantse lonk eyakhayo, kuphela inxalenye encinane kubo ithanda ray okanye yokwaleka.

Apho unako ukulandela inkqubo?

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-TB, ngokufuthi kukho umbuzo malunga apho sithandaza. Ezi ngcinga ngesiqhelo emva ray waphawula isithunzi umfanekiso kwemiphunga, okanye ukhohlela up ixesha elide, uziva ubuthathaka kunye nobuthathaka. Konke oku kubonisa ukuba ubukho kunokwenzeka sephepha esebenzayo ekulibaziseni uphethwe akunakwenzeka.

Okokuqala Diaskintest Ungaya kumaziko ezizodwa - dispensaries TB okanye neeklinikhi. Ngokuqhelekileyo le nkqubo yenziwa zonke ukubenza ngentlawulo, nangona kunokwenzeka yaye kuyimfuneko ukuba luyinqila kwicala therapist wesithili.

Ukongeza kule nkqubo, ungaqhagamshelana amaziko ezempilo zommandla (umzekelo, nezibhedlele zezithili) kunye inkonzo zempilo. Ngokuqhelekileyo le ndawo kufuneka ukuba ubuncinane omnye ngesifo sephepha, ngubani na oya kuba nako ukuhlola ngobuchule wena nokuxilonga isifo sephepha, ukuba kuyimfuneko ngoncedo Diaskintest.