Dzheyn Gudoll, primatologist: biography

Dzheyn Gudoll - primatologist, etnology, semvelaphi kunye ngunozakuzaku noxolo oluvela eNgilani. Kwazeka oko ngokubanzi Bulelani isifundo kunyaka-45 kubomi imfene, iifoto kunye neevidiyo ngayo kakhulu kakhulu. Uninzi yokuphila kwakhe wachitha emahlathini Tanzania kaThixo. Uphando ekuqaleni kude 1960, xa wayeneminyaka engama-26 kuphela ubudala. Wafumana inani uhlonipha amabhaso. Ngexesha lakhe, wabhala iincwadi zokuhlola angapha kwesibini, kuquka nabantwana.

ebuntwaneni

Jane Goodall biography eqala eLondon, wazalwa ngo Aprili 3, 1934. UYise - usomashishini, unina - umbhali. UJane umntwana wokuqala entsatsheni, yaye kamva kukho intombi enci. Esengumntwana, intombi evela uyise yokudlala - picture imfene leyo yeyona albhamu kakhulu ethandwa Goodall. Oku eyoyikisayo kakhulu ekuqaleni yokudlala emehlweni kwenza uJane ukuthanda indalo. Hi ndlela leyi, bangafani nangoku ekhatshwa primatologist odumileyo.

Xa Jane wayeneminyaka eli-12 ubudala, abazali bakhe baqhawula umtshato. Kunye nomama wakhe kunye nodadewabo omncinci, babehlala Bournemouth, endlwini kamakhulu. Uyise ngelo xesha ngaphambili. Ukususela kwiminyaka yokuqala yena wayethanda ukuba bagcine indlela yokuziphatha kwezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo. Nokuba ke, yena waphupha lokuphila eAfrika kwaye bafunde izilwanyana. Oku lula yi iincwadi ezahlukeneyo, ezifana "Tarzan." Ngelo xesha, amantombazana, la maphupha abazange kwenzeke.

amanyathelo okuqala

Emva kokugqiba kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo kwiikhosi oonobhala. On imfundo ephakamileyo kwakufuneka ukulibala; kuba lo mkhaya akukho imali izifundo zakhe. Umsebenzi wokuqala kwaba inkampani umboniso kangaka intle eyayisuke Dzheyn Gudoll emva ngokumema nofunda eKenya, yena nako apho ukufumana ithuba lokuba bafunde Afrika. Nangona kunjalo, imali nkqu phezu uhambo, ngoko okwethutyana wayesebenza wobuweyitara kwindawo yokutyela e Bournemouth. Yiya eKenya, wakwazi ngo-1956, apho waba umncedisi kunye nonobhala kwi-National Museum. Kungekudala, kunye nomlawuli lolondolozo kunye nomfazi wakhe waya kwimingxuma eMpuma Afrika. Ngelo lixa ke intloko wacebisa Dzheyn Gudoll waqalisa ukufunda yokuziphatha bangafani, nto leyo iza kunceda ukuba bafikelele kwizigqibo malunga umphefumlo womntu kokubhalwa kwembali.

umsebenzi Early

Kuba isifundo zezilwanyana kunye primatology Dzheyn Gudoll wabuyela eNgilani. Emva kokugqiba izifundo ekugqibeleni wafumana ithuba ukuze iphupha lakhe zifezeke. Ngowe-1960, i semvelaphi oselula kwafika e Gombe - Dzheyn Gudoll. ( "Imfene kwindalo: Ukuziphatha" - le ncwadi, owona mxholo uphambili apho inkcazelo iimpawu kwezi zilwanyana, yabhalwa Jane emva kweminyaka emininzi kokuma obeku-, eyapapashwa ngo-1986 ize iguqulelwe Russian.) Xa uhambo olude kunye naye yaya kunina, ngokuba abasemagunyeni akazange avumele amantombazana aselula ukuba bengahambi. Noko ke, akuzange kube kakhulu kwi ngokwesithethe: amagosa boyika ukuba ushiye nje intombazana emhlophe yedwa i "savages".

UMama uJane ebesoloko inkxaso intombi ku navela ku dyondza izilwanyana. Ekuqaleni, uncedo wakhe gqitha. Oku kwamnceda ukuba azinze kweminquba, ukuze adibane bendawo. Kwiinyanga zokuqala, nonina kunye nentombi wagula yimalariya, leyo phantse yaba yingozi kubo.

ukubuka Animal

Dzheyn Gudoll, ogama iincwadi zichaza kakuhle ukuziphatha zemfene, akazange nangoko wakwazi ukuzuza ezi zilwanyana. Emsebenzini, oko waqhubeka kunye ekuseni, wahamba ebhadula emahlathini kude kube mnyama. Okokuqala, ukuba sikhatshwa aba bazingeli, yaye ngoko kuhlolwa ngokuzimeleyo endhawini. Ekuqaleni bangafani boyika ukusondela, kodwa kungekudala waqalisa ukuba kusetyenziswa phambi kwakhe. Jane uye wazakhela inkampu encinane ingqalelo, apho sasiba koba kakhulu kuyimfuneko. Kwakukho iiveki xa Goodall ayikwazanga ukulandelela phantsi i imfene owodwa kwaye wawa lithemba - Isibonelelo uphando sele ubalwe nje kwisiqingatha sonyaka. Ngaphandle koku, yena wabe ukwenza inani obafunyanwa eziye kwanyanzeleka ulawulo ukuqhubeka mali.

Ukuvulwa lokuqala

Dzheyn Gudoll waba ngowokuqala lowo unako ukubona ukuba bangafani basebenzisa izixhobo kwakudala. Ukuze ufumane i-imbovane, babesebenzisa imicinga ezincinane. Branch kunceda chimps ukuvelisa ubusi leenyosi zasendle, yaye ukwahlula nati besebenzisa amatye. Ukongeza, wakwazi ukufumana ukuba obeku- ngokuzimeleyo wenza izixhobo. Ngaphambi koko, uluvo kweyisa ukuba abanye abantu ukuze basebenzise izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa abantu kuphela uzenze.

Ukuba Jane wafumanisa ukuba bangafani musa ukungcamla inyama kude. Kuqala wacinga ukuba - kunye inyama ehlambulukileyo kunqabile ukutshintsha yokudla. Goodall bangafani ngokobuqu wabukela ngokuhlangeneyo babezingela iihagu neemfene ezincinane.

Jane waba ngowokuqala abaqala ukunika amagama chimps. Ngelo xesha, yaye ngoku, abaphandi abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba uvavanyo mba kuyimfuneko ukwabela inombolo yesiriyeli, ukuze ukunika umbala lobuqu. Jane simele sicinge ngendlela eyahlukileyo, enikela imfene igama eyahlukileyo, umzekelo, uDavide zizimvi elineentshebe.

Amacala ezimnyama ubomi imfene

ngalinye ixesha nayo izinto ezintsha zophando. Noko ke, de-70 uJane ujongene kumacala ezimbi yokuziphatha imfene. Wakholelwa ukuba ezi zilwanyana abantu abangcono, kodwa owokuqala wayekwazi ukubona nokuchaza imfazwe phakathi bangafani. I-Reserve, ukongeza zendlu, apho esweni, kwakukho amaqela ezimbalwa zezi zilwanyana. Ebudeni bolawulo enye inkokeli zendlu waziqhekeza waza waya kwenye yinxalenye yale paka ento eyindoda. Inkokeli entsha igqibe ukuqala i imfazwe nxamnye nabo. Amaqhinga imfazwe olulula kakhulu; utshaba umkhondo phantsi omnye ngexesha, wabethwa kwaye elunyiwe, waza emva koko washiya afe. Kungekudala kakhulu pack ziyasombululeka kunye onke amasebe into eyindoda.

kwakhona ezinye iimazi mzekelo ukuyilandela. Ngenye imini, uJane waphawula umkhwa abangcangcazelisi iimazi ezimbini akhethwe alimele usana kwezinye iinkawu zayidla.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho abantu bafanelwe intlonipho. Umzekelo, bangafani ababini abaselula abakhulela ngaphandle kwabazali, wabanjwa iinkedama. Nyaka ngamnye, uJane waqonda ukuba kakhulu zemfene ayahluka abantu. Wada ikwazile ukuba bangene kwiqela ezilwanyana, apho iye yaba "umhlobo" omnye iimazi esiphezulu.

Kwiminyaka elandelayo, Goodall wenze okuninzi obafunyanwa umdla yaye iluncedo ngobomi bangafani. Yonke iminkqangiyelo yakhe ithi, yena echazwe kule ncwadi, uninzi lwazo, ngelishwa, khange iguqulelwe Russian. Dzheyn Gudoll uye waba ngomnye izazinzulu ezininzi adumileyo primatologists kwinkulungwane yokugqibela, iimpendulo zemibuzo emininzi ngobomi imfene.