Ukwakheka ezinto ubisi

ndlala Mammary - enye amalungu ibalulekileyo umzimba iimazi zonke ezincancisayo. Le ndlala synthesizes ubisi, Leyo yeyona ikukudla kuphela abantwana babo nisaqala zophuhliso kokubeleka. ndlala Mammary kwizilwanyana ibizwe ngokuba ebeleni. Yemazi yenkomo yenziwa kwamadlala ezine ezahlukeneyo. izikhonkwane nganye iqulathe yentsimbi (cow lwabo - 5-20), inxalenye nganye - ibe ngamacetyana. Le yunithi basic zesakhiwo olusebenzayo ndlala na alveolus, nto leyo ligutyungelwe kuthungelwano oxineneyo emithanjeni. Milk - inkqubo polydisperse eyenziwa yinyani kunye nezisombululo colloidal, ukumiswa kunye emulsions. ubisi lwenkomo yeyona ulwelo emhlophe kunye ngumthunzi tyheli, incasa sweetish kunye livumba.

Ubisi kuhlelwe kwi alveoli, inxenye - in imibhobho amancinane kunye naphakathi excretory. Imfihlelo leyo iza ku imibhobho emikhulu, yaye emva koko oluhlala kwisingxobo ubisi. Ngakumbi uthuthwa angene emjelweni umbele futhi angene bume. imisebenzi ndlala Mammary ixesha zisanyisa, okuhlala malunga 300 iintsuku.

Milk - enye ukutya engundoqo abantu kunye nezilwanyana. Le nto ndiyibhalayo iiprotheni, lipids, carbohydrate. Neeproteni ubisi iimazi zeenkomo zifunxe kwi 96-99%, lipids - 95, ekudleni - 98%.

Kuba abantu ukutya basoloko iimazi zobisi, ngaphantsi - zeebhokhwe, eemazi, iinkamela, iinyathi, iimazi amaxhama, Zebu kunye yak.

Le khemikhali Ukubunjwa ubisi

malunga namakhulu amabini izinto ngamnye eziqulathwe elubisini. Ezi zihlanganisi lungahlulwa-hlulwa ibe ngamaqhezu ezintlanu eziphambili: ityuwa, amanzi, iikhabhohayidrethi, lipids, iiprotheni. Ngobisi, amanzi mbi ezimbini ithi: simahla wabopha. Emva ingqondo, ndiyitshise kunye nezinye iintlobo zonyango, amanzi khulula lula isusiwe. amanzi yento yinxalenye solvate amaqokobhe polydisperse iinkqubo. In fresh ubisi yoxinaniso amanzi yento zimalunga nesi-3.5% ukuya 2.6% skim.

Neprothini Ukubunjwa ubisi. Uyondelelwano lwee- iiproteni ubisi lenkomo kunokuba ukuya kwi-4%. ubisi lokukha iqulethe ubukhulu becala udibaniso lwe-casein. Ngobisi, yenza caseinate, calcium phosphate oluxandileyo, ebandakanyekileyo kukwenziwa lipid spherules Shell; thermostable α-lactalbumin, ebandakanyekileyo xa biosynthesis of ubisi iswekile (lactose) ukusuka monosaccharides (galactose, glucose); β-lactoglobulin denatures kwi cala medium (pH = 7) kunye nokuzifudumeza 70 ° C.

Globulin ubisi ebonakala ubunzima aphezulu ezinto (ukuya kwi-1 million. YES), kubume molecule iquka icandelo carbohydrate, ukuba ukubonisa iimpawu enqanda (lipooksidaz). Non-protein nitrogen zithiwe thaca kwi urea ubisi kunye acids ubuncinane acid, iziseko purine kunye creatine.

Le ekudleni Ukubunjwa ubisi. Ikakhulu carbohydrate thaca ubisi lactose (avareji 4.7%), monosaccharides (iswekile, galactose) kunye esters phosphoric amino iswekile monosaccharides. Ukufumaneka ephezulu lactose abhaliswe kwi ubisi imikhombe.

Le lipid Ukubunjwa ubisi. Ukubunjwa ngamanqatha ubisi iqulathe triacylglycerols, sterols, sterols, phospholipids kunye glycolipids. ingqalelo kuyo ubisi izilwanyana kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo (zisanyisa, uhlobo, ukutya, njl njl). Le iintsalela fat ubisi iqashiso stearic, palmitic, myristic kunye asidi oleic.

Vitamin nokwakheka ubisi. ubisi lwenkomo iqulethe imali eyaneleyo njenge kukutyeba (A, D, E) kunye enyibilikayo (PP, B1, B2, C) iivithamini. Ukwandisa lwee- iivithamini kwi ubisi izilwanyana raznoobraznyme uyazondla zityebi aneevithamini kwi ekutyeni elawulwa vitamin liziphose A, B okanye E. Ubisi kwaye iqulethe zombala: carotenes, chlorophylls kunye lactoflavin, kuxhomekeke ingqalelo umbala ubisi.

Enye iingxaki ubisi olungumgubo kukuba kunzima okuphakamileyo kwakhona ukuba urhulumente engamanzi. Le mveliso iveliswa iminyaka engaphezu kwama-110, kunjalo, ukwakhiwa zengqo- ubisi olungumgubo yahlukile kwimeko yayo yendalo, ukuze ubisi engamanzi kuluncedo kakhulu ngakumbi.