Elichaza Gorkogo Maksima. Valentin Serov

umsebenzi ngamnye Valentina Serova unezakhe "nomlinganiswa" zalo ezahlukileyo. Wasebenza becala uhlobo zeniyo-classicism kunye esetyenziselwa ngemizobo yakhe oyile kuphela. Ngenxa yoku, umfanekiso walo phezu ngelaphu akazange abe imigca ecacileyo, kodwa imibala kunye zinakho eyahlukileyo kwakwanele. Elichaza Gorkogo Maksima nayo umnyinyiva, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba umzobi wakhetha ukuba kusetyenziswe iintlobo elincinane imibala, wasebenzisa iithowuni becala mnyama.

Kamva kweli nqaku siza kuxubusha ngokweenkcukacha indlela ngamagcisa wajika opeyintayo, ukuze udlulisele umfanekiso zombhali.

ekuguqukeni creative

Peshkov Aleksey Maksimovich (ngoku igama Gorky likaThixo) wazalelwa ngoMatshi 28, 1868 kwisixeko Nizhny Novgorod kwintsapho yasemkhosini. Umama wayevela kwintsapho encinane-yoohlohlesakhe, ngumhlolokazi ekuqaleni Mxim Savvateevich uyise wabulawa ikholera. Le lahleko wachukunyiswa gqitha Alyosha kancinane, ngokuba abantu abasenyongweni wachitha ixesha elininzi kunye. Ngoko ke, emva kwexesha, sele elivisayo Alexei Peshkov wathabatha elabo - Mxim Gorky - imbeko kuyise.

Emva kwexesha elithile, umama wam wasweleka ngenxa kokugula ixesha elide.

Xa wayeneminyaka engama-11, umbhali mfana yedwa, wasebenza nje njengesicocisi, umbhaki njalo njalo.

Ekupheleni kwale 80s ngenkulungwane ye-19 Peshkov Aleksey Maksimovich waya Kazan University, apho kuqala leva uncwadi abangabaxhasi bakaMarx, apho waqalisa ukubhala materials.

Ngowe-1892 wapapasha incwadi yakhe yokuqala, "Makar Chudra" wabuyela lakhe lokuzalwa Nizhny Novgorod, waqalisa ukuba basebenzisane kunye iintlelo zasekuhlaleni, apho ukhuthaza indlela indalo yayo. Ukususela ngowe-1917 uye waba imisebenzi esebenzayo yezopolitiko olululo, ukulwela nezazi endala igxeke iindlela kwiBolsheviks.

Kungekudala kukrakra kakhulu ugula, ngokwemiyalelo Lenin uthunyelwa phesheya unyango. Emva kweminyaka eli-10, oko kukuthi 1932, wabuyela USSR, waza waqhubeka ukupapasha. Imisebenzi yakhe abazinikele inyathelo olululo kunye leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi.

Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, kufika inoveli zakutshanje yi Maksima Gorkogo "The Life of Klim Samghin." Emva kwexesha elithile, uyafa.

A inkosi of portraits

Valentin Aleksandrovich Serov, ngomzobi Russian, wazalwa January 19, 1865 eSt Petersburg. Usapho waba bokuyila, uyise nonina abaqambi. Ukuba bakwazi ukubethelela inkwenkwe encinane uthando yobuciko.

Xa intloko ntsapho kwakufuneka kuthi ndlela-ntle ekuqaleni, uyise wafa xa wayeneminyaka engama-5 kuphela ubudala. Kungekudala, yena nonina bafudukela Munich, apho abafana sele Valentin Aleksandrovich ezikhuphile zonke isiseko solwazi, nto ekuzobeni.

Ngowe-1879, Valentin nomama wakhe babuyela eMoscow, apho ngumzobi enkulu iqalise ukusebenza ngokukuko. Kamva, baya izixeko namazwe ohlukeneyo, wavuma ukuba uthando lwakhe eziphambili - kukuba ukuzoba endalweni.

Phambi umlando Gorkogo Maksima kwathiwa, kwathabatha ixesha elide, kwaye Valentin Sergeyevich bahlanganisana portfolio enkulu. Ke kuyo yonke into ebona, nendalo yakhe eyahlukileyo, njengoko abanumzana, kwaye eziqhelekileyo baze abantu abadlulayo. Ngokuba kuye, oko ukuba umphefumlo kunye ikakhulu namandla umntu, lowo amtsale, kunye nemibala ngoko mfanekiso nokuchasanisa engaqhelekanga.

kwamagama nezakhi

Nanto Russian neoclassical Valentin Serov - umzobi ngonobumba omkhulu, ngenxa yokuba imisebenzi yakhe nakhelwe phezu umlinganiswa lomntu ohlala phambi kwakhe. Makhe kwisithuba msebenzi revolution kwahluka kakhulu kwezo imisebenzi yena wabhala ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19.

Umbhali Mxim Gorky wabonakala kuye ngendlela engqongqo kakhulu kwaye iimpahla ezimnyama, ezingenakulinganiswa ungajongi kuye. yonke mfanekiso eligcwele umoya revolution, yaye ephefumlayo nje umoya wemvukelo kunye revolution. Ukuze Kwathi lo mfanekiso ingaqhelekanga Serov ajike iindlela kunye nokwakha kuqamba Nedlac omtsha. Yena uyala iindawo ezingeyomfuneko ingaphakathi ubeka imvelaphi ukukhanya.

image engqongqo

Umbhali yena nayo thaca ngaphandle naziphi na iinkcukacha okungeyomfuneko iimpahla: ihempe emnyama ezilula kunye nebrukhwe Mfuleni izihlangu. Kubonakala ukuba bakrakra umntu ongaphandle ngelaphu, ukwenza ingxoxo, ixelela inkangeleko obungqabangqaba ekude. Ingalo isenzo ekunene ephakanyiswe ibonisa umntu ziyasokola amalungelo abo kwaye iwakhusele ngolunya.

Umbala afane ngokuvumelana, imvelaphi ukukhanya kunye silhouette ezimnyama umbhali "play '-nye, ukudala uhlobo lomculo imibala kunye namandla olululo.

Elichaza Gorkogo Maksima wavula kwindima engaqhelekanga ngomzobi, uye wadala iphepha elitsha kwincwadi engobomi yakhe yokudala.

An ubuchule ongaqhelekanga ipeyinti isicelo

Xa sijonga lo mfanekiso yombhali, kuyenzeka ukubona kuphela oko ufuna ukubonisa umsulwa, kodwa ungabona inani ethile sezifundo kunye nokuveza bulumko.

Valentin Serov - umzobi, owakwaziyo Kwathi ezi ezinzima ngemehlo zobugcisa, esebenzisa iiphaneli eziqhelekileyo kunye nepeyinti. Elichaza indlela elula kakhulu, kwaye umdali kakhulu kusetyenziswa omzimba ngokudlulisa, ngaphandle kokubhenela kwi shades okungeyomfuneko umbala "kumacandelo".

Umbhali ngal wawubonisa kunokuba enkulu, yaye kubonakala "bendawo" yepateni ukuya ngelaphu, yaye kubonakala ukuba yena ufuna ukufudukela ngaphaya mfanekiso.

imbali imke

Elichaza Gorkogo Maksima - uhlobo yamava, apho umbhali uzama ukugqithisa uvakalelo, umoya ubudala kunye nesikhundla yobuntu bakhe.

Ezi umbhali chained iintshukumo kwaye ufuna ukuya ngaphaya umda yomfanekiso, abonise ubuntu bakhe bazibeke namehlo lihlaba - njengesipili zonke izenzo awawenzayo ukuze kulungelwe isizwe, ukusindisa nezazi amahasa yamaBolshevik zocindezelo.

Lo mfanekiso in umzobo Russian ibonisa ixesha mbuso, nguwuphi na kulityalwa, kuba kwixesha elidluleyo isibambiso lekamva elimangalisayo.

umfanekiso okuyimfihlakalo igcisa nanto Russian zigcinwe myuziyam-indlu Maksima Gorkogo e Moscow, apho yonke into eligcwele umoya xesha, njengoko Kusekho walondoloza izinto ebomini bakhe.