Eyona bajikeleza magazini ehlabathini. Amagama amaphephancwadi edume

Khumbula, njengokuba Amaqhawe blockbuster odumileyo eSoviet "eMoscow abangakholwayo iinyembezi", kwakhululwa yaseqongeni phantse 35 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, bebangisana nokuba umabonwakude wayeza kutshabalalisa yeqonga okanye hayi? Njengoko ubona, le nkundla uyaphila! Nguwo ke lo mpendulo ilungileyo ukuya pessimists abathi kungekudala kakhulu kwi Internet iza endaweni kumajelo eendaba. Ngaphezu koko, uhlala kukho iimagazini ezintsha, oolindixesha kunye eminye iminyaka emininzi, nako ukutsala abaphulaphuli, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezifuna lokuhamba ezininzi ikhulu lamawaka okanye ezigidi iikopi.

A incinane

Njengoko yaziwa, eli phephancwadi kuthiwa eshicilelweyo ngamaxesha athile, apho, ngokutsho GOST kufuneka babe rubrication ngokusisigxina. Koko, ingcamango ukwazisa izazinzulu nabo kunye noluntu jikelele ngezinto ezintsha okokuqala weza kunye engumFrentshi Denis de Sally. Yaba nguye lowo, ngemvume yoMphathiswa-onamandla onke Colbert, eyapapashwa ngowe-1665, unyaka "Journal des Savants", apho kwenkulungwane kamva uVoltaire ebizwa kwase zonke ezi mpapasho. Hi ndlela leyi, entla iye yaqalisa ingqiqo ingxelo, ngokumema abafundi ukuba 'thumela izimvo zabo yokuba nabo kalindixesha, "waza waqalisa ukuba imizekeliso, kuquka elikhulu kunene. ngamaxesha yokuqala ehlabathini, ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ndizuze kuthandwa phakathi kuluntu ukufunda. Ngoko ke akumangalisi ukuba ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-17 eFransi wayesele malunga amahlanu iimagazini ndlela ezahlukeneyo.

Uninzi bajikeleza magazini ehlabathini

Njengoko usazi, superdostizheny kakhulu kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo apapashwa kwi Guinness Book of Records. Ngoko ke, ithi ukuba phephancwadi kakhulu ehlabathini lonke - "IMboniselo", oko kupapashwa iikopi ezizigidi 40, lushicilelwa ngeelwimi ezingaphezu kwe-180. Ukususela ngo-1879, umnyaka yomshicileli wakhe umbutho ngokukrakra amaNgqina kaYehova, le magazini athunyelwa kumazwe angama-236 kwihlabathi jikelele apho ngokusemthethweni okanye ngokungekho omele uluntu abalandeli yalo mbutho. Noko ke, kule imeko, isihloko "phephancwadi ehlabathini lonke" akuthethi ukuba i "Mboniselo" aku- ethandwayo.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ngokufuthi kakhulu, "amangqina" ufumanise ukuba kufuneka baye amaqhinga ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuze senze ezinye "umphefumlo," apho, ngokwembono zabo, kufuneka ukusindiswa, uyifunde, okanye ubuncinane uyavuma ukuthatha le ncwadi. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ngalo mzuzwana kwisigqibo ngokumalunga nolwabiwo "IMboniselo" abantu kwilizwe lethu irhoxisiwe, ngoko eli phephancwadi badla zama ukuzisa eRashiya ngokungekho mthethweni, ngokukodwa ekubeni amalungu ale umbutho amava amaninzi elolu hlobo msebenzi. Ngapha koko, iminyaka engaphezu kwama-140 yobukho, basoloko batshutshiswa ngabasemagunyeni.

Ngokuphathelele umxholo wokupapashwa, kwanele ukuba zithi wokuqala we phephancwadi "IMboniselo" owamiswayo ukuba njongo iphambili yale ncwadi ka 1879 kunyaka - ". Ukunceda abafundi baqonde ukuba ihlabathi uhamba phakathi kwimihla yayo yokugqibela" Njengoko bathi, akukho izimvo!

kwiimagazini ezaziwayo Russian

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, phakathi iimpapasho kwilizwe lethu, entendeni inani bobabo TV Guide abafundi 'eriyali-Telesem ". ekujikelezeni kwawo ngeveki iikopi 4.077.288. Kakade ke, oku akwanelanga ukuba ibango isihloko "phephancwadi ehlabathini lonke", kodwa nani yayisathe umxhelo. coverage Solid neendawo iimpapasho, kuquka imizi-72 eRashiya izixeko 4 eUnited aseBalti kunye ico. Kweli phephancwadi, abafundi abakwazi ukufunda inkqubo TV, ukufunda okungakumbi ngobomi iinkwenkwezi, Ungafumana okuninzi ngayo ngamagama kunye iiphazili, kwaye ufumane amacebiso eziya kuba luncedo kulawulo ya ndyangu.

Phakathi kwezona meko onokubonwa njengoko jenali Russian ezifana "Bonke abafazi", "kwamakhaya Good", "Yintoni na yokuhlala yakho oyithandayo ehlotyeni," "Iimfihlelo Iinkwenkwezi" kunye nabanye. Ukongeza, kukho iinguqulelo Russian zeemagazini ehlabathini lonke abakuwe ababukeli ilizwe lethu, amakhulu amawaka abantu.

Kuprintwa for ladies kunye namantombazana

magazini The abafazi yokuqala Russian lipapashwe 1779. Yena yenzelwa ukwazisa amantombazana kunye namabhinqa kunye sezipho fashion kwaye bafundise ngendlela elungileyo. Kamva, kunye ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, waqala ukupapasha iimagazini loncwadi kunye nesifundo eyonwabisayo, yaye 1860s kwiimpapasho eyenzelwe abafazi, yaqala ukubonakala ezimbombeni uhletywa. Ukongeza, ukuvela cinema kukhokelele umdla kubomi iinkwenkwezi wadala isenzeko le Paparazzi.

Nkqu kumaxesha Soviet, ukuba ekuqaleni yenzelwe iimagazini ze "umsebenzi" yaye "nabalimi" amanqaku loqoqosho, ngezengqondo, ulwalamano lwentsapho yapapashwa, kunye nengcebiso oyimfakamfele womluki. Kodwa revolution yokwenene kummandla eendaba kwabasetyhini kwenzeka ngo-1989. Ngapha koko, ukuba lowu abasetyhini "Burda Fashion" waqala ukuzivakalisa eSoviet Union. Ngoko nangoko wazuza ithandwa kakhulu enjengeendlela yapapashwa kwaye namacebo apho namabhinqa ukwenza iingubo zabo, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu kwi ixesha ukunqongophala jikelele.

Popular iimagazini ezenziwe amabhinqa, epapashwe eRashiya

Namhlanje kwilizwe lethu ungathenga oolindixesha amabhinqa iindlela ezininzi:

• usapho kunye nendlu, ezifana "Lisa", "umlimi", "kwamakhaya Good";
• elite, umzekelo, "Cosmopolitan", "Elle", "Marie Claire", "Harper kaThixo Bazaar";
• amantombazana aselula ( "Elle Girl" yaye "ULisa Girl.");
• komama, umzekelo, "uLisa. umntwana wam ";
• azinikele impilo amabhinqa ( "Health lwabaseTyhini", "Beauty & Health").

Ukongeza, i iimagazini enkulu ethandwayo umdla, ingakumbi ukuthunga kunye ukunitha neemagazini. Ngokomzekelo, kangangeminyaka emininzi eRashiya olifunayo schemes imisebenzi yayo oyimfakamfele womluki kunye neefoto imifuziselo eyiyo ngo "Sabrina".

Eli phephancwadi ithandwa kakhulu ukuba indoda yokwenene

Kakade ke, lo ngamaxesha ezininzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle abameli kwisiqingatha olomeleleyo lesintu "Playboy", umba lwakowabo lwapapashwa ngo-1953. Nangona abantu abaninzi iyihlanganise nge umdak isiqingatha-ze, kwiminyaka ezahlukeneyo apho zashicilelwa imisebenzi Artura Klarka, Stephen uKumkani, Ian Fleming, UStanisław lulo, kunye nabanye. Ke Russia, ngoko lowu amadoda yokuqala eRashiya xa - "The Bear" - uvele 1995, ngomnyaka. Kodwa kwaqhubeka de-2011. Namhlanje, phakathi iimpapasho kakhulu ethandwa myalelo kwilizwe lethu, ngaphandle "ka Playboy", kukho "Mxim", "Madoda Impilo Russia" yaye "GQ".

Ibeka abaphulaphuli yabantwana

"Murzilka" yaye "Fun" - la amagama aqhelekileyo abaninzi ukususela ebuntwaneni bakhe. Ngokubanzi, iimagazini abantwana kwilizwe lethu ndandisoloko ndikuthanda ithandwa enkulu. Kwanele ukuba bathi "Murzilka 'enye, umba yokuqala yoku yapapashwa ngowe-1924, iye ibhalwe Guinness Book of Records njengoko omdala iincwadi abantwana esikhoyo. Ngaphezu koko, iqhubeka enziwa esikhulu kulung zabantwana kunye kusasazwe iikopi 85.000.

Le magazini kakhulu ethandwayo zoncwadi zelizwe lethu

Lo mbono ukushicilela lwemisebenzi yoncwadi oolindixesha zavela 1668 ukususela kwiqela ababhali Italian. Le magazini epapashwa ngabo ngokuba "Il Giornale de'Letterati", bona bubonakala "lowu zoncwadi." Kamva balandele kakuhle kunye nabalingane eNgilani kunye neFransi. Ke ukuba iRussia, ngoko enye le ncwadi lokuqala hlobo uthathwa ukuba lowu A. P. Sumarokova. Kodwa popular ngokwenene baba ngenkulungwane ye-19, xa eprintiweyo abameli i Golden Age of iincwadi Russian. Njengoko Solungiselela umnikelo wokudla, ngoko, nokukhankanya amagama iimagazini ezaziwayo-kakuhle olu hlobo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe, "Ogonyok", "Yehlabathi Elitsha", "iincwadi langaphandle" kunye "Ubuhlobo of Abantu".