Galimdzhana ibragimov - Umbhali Tatar kunye ngeelwimi: engobomi, uphando kunye nokufundisa

Ufuna ukuva ibali umdla ngolwimi Tatar? Namhlanje siye sithethe ngendoda omkhulu, abangazange abahlala kweli xesha lifanelekileyo, kodwa wayekwazi ukwenza izimvo zam ngokusebenzisa ixesha ukufikelela ngaphandle abantwana. Ukuze uqhelane nale mntu, wena kuqala ayilungise biography of Tatar inkwenkwe eyakhulela kwintsapho a mullah.

I omaziyo lokuqala

Galimdzhana ibragimov - Umbhali Tatar ezaziwayo-kakuhle, ekuthiwa novulindlela Tatar uncwadi kwexesha eSoviet. Yena abe ligorha yabasebenzi. Ngenxa yezizathu zezopolitiko, wabanjwa, kodwa ngowe-1955 waba kwimeko yesiqhelo. Yena phambili i-Tatar imicimbi boncwadi, yaye ukongezelela, wayeyindoda emangalisayo, owenza kwaye wayengoyiki ukuthi yaso cwaka. Wonke umntu kufuneka azi ngabantu bakhe ixesha labo. Galimdzhana ibragimov - umntu azalela ukuba akubanyamezeli sikweni ngenkalipho nemikhanzi edabini.

Galimdzhana ibragimov: biography

Le nkwenkwe Matshi 13, 1887 kwilali kwiphondo Sultanmuratovo Ufa. Namhlanje, lo mmandla Aurgazinsky District Republic of Bashkortostan. Le nkwenkwe wazalwa usapho a mullah. Njengoko usazi, oku lingumlungiseleli benkolo yamaSilamsi. Russian Empire wabiza mullahs azikho iingcali kuphela izithethe Muslim, kodwa abantu abafundileyo kunye nootitshala. Ukuba ukhangela izibakala, sinako ukuqonda ukuba eRashiya Mullah lifike kumbingeleli, ngenxa yesizathu esibalulekileyo. Ngamnye kubo kwimoskhi elithile, ngoxa imisebenzi yabo kulawulwa ngokucacileyo imimiselo magosa. Ngelo xesha eCaucasus ekuthiwa Mullah abefundisi elikwinqanaba elisezantsi.

ulwazi oluchaza malunga umbhali ulihlwempu kakhulu, kuba akazange ungathanda abantu, yaye akazange abhale memoirs. Kulo mzekelo, ibali nangoku ungasigcini impumelelo eziyintloko umbhali Tatar, kuba leyo kufuneka zihlonelwe kwaye lilulutho.

Learning

Galimdzhana ibragimov, ogama engobomi kufushane kakhulu, wafumana imfundo ekhaya. Oku kungenxa yokuba uyise mullah - izifundiswa umntu ngexesha lakhe. imfundo Primary wamkela kwi madrassas zasemaphandleni "Hussaini" kwi Orenburg. Kwakhona ngokufutshane kwisikolo Russian ngo-1899. Kwiminyaka 1906-1908 afunda ngayo madrassas "Galia". Oko ngo 1906 kwakukho ukubanjwa lokuqala umbhali, kodwa kungekudala lo mfana wakhululwa.

nomsebenzi professional

Galimdzhana ibragimov olwaboniswa ngokwayo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Yena ngumbhali, umhleli kunye umshicileli. Njengoko umbhali, wenza bt wakhe ngenxa yebali layo 'ukugxothwa evela madrassas Zaki-shakirdy ", eyabhalwa ngo-1907. Yaba ngomnyaka wesibini esikolweni. Okumangalisayo kukuba, bekukusasa kangaka inkwenkwe evela madrassas "Galia" wabhala ibali ngokupheleleyo umdla. Phakathi kweminyaka emi-3, wakhulula ukuqokelelwa lwakhe lokuqala amabali amafutshane, leyo kuthiwa "Ukuqala entlakohlaza." umsebenzi wakhe wokubhala iye yaba nefuthe elikhulu phezu eyinyani yabantu zamaTurkic abathetha. ababhali Tatar ngokuba becala unempembelelo omncinane umsebenzi uphela, kodwa abantu, njengoko oko ezinikele kweli nqaku, ukushiya uphawu ebalulekileyo kwimbali.

Kwakhona, lo mfana ngumhleli ngamaphephandaba eziliqela kunye neemagazini. Ukongeza, wayesoloko ihlelwe imisebenzi epheleleyo. Sibala imisebenzi yakhe emininzi thina, ngokuba bonke ngolwimi Tatar. Naye, kunye nomhlobo wakhe Fatykhov Saifi-Kazanli inxaxheba ukukhululwa iphephandaba "Ngaba".

Iincwadi Ezolimi

ababhali Tatar babengamadoda ezahlukeneyo kunye multi-amaninzi, kuba ubomi wabafundisa ukuba babe iinkosi kwimicimbi eziliqela. hero yethu waba yimbangi iincwadi philology kunye Ezolimi. imisebenzi yakhe athandwa kakhulu, njengoko wababhalela yobungcali. Ngaphezu koko, isimbo sakhe sokubhala ilula, kube yinto efunekayo ukuze sikuqonde kakuhle ulwimi. Ayizizo zonke iingcali zeelwimi ukuba liyi ubuchule ukucacisa nokusebenzisa izinto ngokuchanekileyo. Total Galimdzhana Girfanovich ibragimov wabhala iincwadi ezintathu enomxholo othi: "I-Tatar igrama", "Theory of Literature 'kunye' Iindlela zokufundisa ulwimi lweenkobe." Iincwadi ezibhaliweyo-1911, 1916 no-1918.

ukufundisa

Ukususela ngo-1913 umbhali waqalisa ukudibanisa umsebenzi wakhe zoncwadi kunye nokufundisa. Oku kubangelwe imfuneko elula ngemihla ukuba imali for ukudla. Ukufundisa umsebenzi waqalisa ekhayeni lakhe lokuqala esikolweni. Wafundisa izifundo ngolwimi Tatar, leyo banikwa kuye ngokugqibeleleyo. Yena waba inkosi lwamagama. Galimdzhana Ibrahimov wayesazi kuphela ngolwimi lwabo, kodwa wayesazi ukuba angenise ngayo yakhiwe izinto for abantwana kuqala nje ukuba ukufunda izisekelo.

Abasebenzi zokufundisa kunye nabaphathi abaphezulu ayikwazi ngoyaba italente ibragimov. Sele ngowe-1925, waqala ukuba akhokele Centre Academic for the People kaThixo Commissariat weRiphabliki. Noko ke, kule sikhundla, akazange ahlale ixesha elide - kwiminyaka nje emibini. Ngowe-1927 wasuswa ngenxa iimbono wezopolitiko bemphikisa kwiimbono eSoviet. Isizathu esisemthethweni: "Ngokuba imisebenzi esebenzayo wesizwe." Phakathi kwabo minyaka, ngo-1926, umbhali waba yinkokeli igqiza TatASSR kwi I All-Union Congress of the eTurkey, esenzeka in Baku. Iingcali bahlangana malunga kancane yokubhala abantu eTurkey. Kule ntlanganiso Galimdzhana Ibrahimov bavotela nxamnye ephethe kancane.

umsebenzi mbuso

Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, iqhawe eli nqaku kuthatha isimo esisebenzayo bangaze cwaka xa kukho uhlobo sikweni. Ngowe-1912, ibragimov wafudukela eKiev. Kungekudala emva kokufika kwakhe kweso sixeko kwasekwa umbutho imfihlelo Muslim, aye ngokuchaseneyo ngurhulumente. Emva komzuzwana kucaca ukuba inkokeli yalo Galimdzhana. Kunyaka olandelayo wabanjwa ngamapolisa, kodwa kungekudala makhe aye ngenxa imali eyoneleyo kobungqina ngqo. Ngaphandle kokuba lo mfana wakhululwa, wayeselapho ixesha elide phantsi kweliso elibukhali.

Imeko kweli lizwe Wakhula ixesha eladlulayo. Kucacile ukuba ukuthetha ngokupheleleyo ukucaphuka zabo zizenzo kwakungenakwenzeka, ekubeni yayiyimini kufana ukuzoba okusesikweni yabo. Ngenxa yoku, iimbono kunye iingcamango umbhali lubonakala ngokupheleleyo ngemisebenzi yakhe boncwadi.

Umsebenzi wokuqala ngokomzekeliso yaba inoveli "Imihla Yethu", apho Galimdzhana ukusuka kwindawo yakhe imbono zonke iziganeko echaza revolution 1905. Kwakhona emsebenzini wakhe ingqalelo kakhulu kwesi sihloko, njengoko ubuhlobo Tatar kunye nabasebenzi Russian zesiqhelo. Uye ebhalwe iinoveli ezimbini, nto leyo wadala umfanekiso kufutshane igqibeleleyo elilwela ilungelo kwamandla eSoviet: "The Legend of the Red" yaye "iingcambu ezendeleyo". Eyokuqala yabhalwa ngo-1920, kwaye eyesibini - ngo-1928.

umsebenzi wayo iyabonwa ntliziyo ezopolitiko aye wafumana amandla ngakumbi nangakumbi, kwaye ngo-1917 umbhali wamenyelwa All-Russian Assembly neqela.

indalo

Wonke umsebenzi ibragimov lungahlulwa-hlulwa zibe milestones ezininzi: iincwadi zemfundo, iinoveli, amabali kunye nemidlalo. Eli bali kwi Tatar ngolwimi lo mbhali - yinto uhlobo umnyango kwihlabathi eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo lilawulwa amandla amazwi kunye nobuninzi amazwi. Ukuze siqonde indlela wanibhalela loo mntu yoqobo kunye aneziphiwo, kufuneka ufunde ubuncinane omnye imisebenzi yakhe - ngoko yonke into iya kucaca. iincwadi zakhe Iyaqondakala abantwana kunye nabantu abadala. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba umdla ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke iindidi ubudala. Iinguqulelo Russian yemisebenzi yakhe kwenziwa kamva ngaphezu umsebenzi obhalwayo ngokwawo. Umahluko kukuba ngokoqobo kwiminyaka 20-30. Oku kungenxa yokuba ngethuba lokubhalwa iincwadi zivaliwe Ibrahimov ukufunda, kwaye amapolisa wenza konke ukuqinisekisa ukuba eli gama lilityelweyo ngokupheleleyo.

Into yokuqala enkulu umbhali waba inoveli "Iintliziyo Young", eyabhalwa ngo-1912 ize iguqulelwe Russian kuphela ngo-1980. Kulo msebenzi ababhali kunika ndawo ngokupheleleyo ubomi Tatar abantu gaba ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini.

emva kwempi

Emva kokuba revolution Galimdzhana baqhubeka nemisebenzi yayo ngakumbi. He bafundisa izifundo zolwimi Tatar kwaye bafundise abantwana yokubiza amagama. Ukususela kwiminyaka 1920 ukuya 1924, ukuba umqeshwa kwisebe ukupapasha umhlohli kwiYunivesithi Communist e Kazan. Njengoko ubona, Galimdzhana ibragimov, ogama engobomi aluzali kakhulu izibakala, kodwa zange wahlala. ubomi bakhe rhoqo motion Kwadlula, wayedla utshintshe indawo yakhe yomsebenzi. Ukongeza, ukuba wayesoloko ebonakala ngokupheleleyo abasemagunyeni, ekubeni imisebenzi yayo zichasene nkqubo iqela rhoqo.

Ngowe-1925 waba sihlalo Academic Centre of the People kaThixo Commissariat of Education. Kude kube 1937 yena usekela-sihlalo Muslim Commissariat.

ukumbamba

ngokonwaba nangokuzola, nomsebenzi aziyi kuhlala ixesha elide. Ngo-Agasti 1937, ibragimov wabanjwa. Kwathi kwisixeko esihle Yalta. Yonke yenzeka ngokukhawuleza: kuqala, wegqitha kwisebe samapolisa sixeko, waza ke wasiwa Kazan. Apha ke uvalelwe esibhedlele entolongweni, njengoko bathi, ngaphandle kwetyala. Ngelishwa, le nto nje ngakuntsonkotha kodwa yokwenene. INkundla akukho namnye eziqhuba, kwaye isigwebo wayengekho. Nje ngenye imini zonke iincwadi zombhali zaye zasuswa amathala eencwadi, kwaye balelwa igama lakhe ukukhumbula. Kanye njengokuba kwenziwa yonke: ixesha - yaye akukho akusekho mntu.

Kunzima Asinakuqiniseka ngoko, kodwa kungekudala yafa umbhali. January 21, 1938, wayesele engasekho yena. Ngaba ngenxa nxaniso kunye kakubi, okanye ukufa yendalo - kunzima ukuthi, ekubeni zonke iinkcukacha zihlelwe, kunye nabantu Ibragimova ekufuphi andazi yonke yindlela ngokwenyani. Eli bali yaphela kalusizi kakhulu, nangona umntu uye waphila ubomi endilisekileyo. Kukho izimvo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo malunga kutheni ibragimov ekuseni kangaka ngokukhawuleza wafa. Fumanisa ukuba ubulawe wokufa loo ndoda elikhulu akunakwenzeka ukuba kuphumelela kanye. Kuphela emva kokufa umbhali kwisimo, umgaqo, njengabanye abantu abaninzi abamagama sele bucinyiwe, ukususela kumaphepha yembali.

memory

Galimdzhana ibragimov, engobomi yaphela kabuhlungu kakhulu ogama, kodwa immortalized kwinkcubeko. Kazan wabeka lesikhumbuzo Kubala kwi umbhali, nto leyo ukwakweli Arsk emangcwabeni. Kwakhona ogama emva Ibragimova Kazan Institute kunye avenue esixekweni. Ngo-1987 i-myuziyam lavulwa egameni lakhe kumzabalazo yakhe elalini. E Kazan, sifakelwe umhlola yombhali kwaye kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo esebenzayo igama lakhe. Imbeko lo mntu oku kwakhona igama kwisitrato e Ufa, yaye apho ungabona ilitye lesikhumbuzo. Tatar lomculi Hanif Habibrahmanov wenza bechitha Galimdzhana.

UPawulos iziphumo nqaku, kufanele ukuthi asisoloko oyaziyo abona bantu bangcono, bafanelwe ukufunda kuzo. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu abanjalo 'kungcwatywa "kwimbali ngenxa yokuba intetho yabo wagawulwa abalawuli indlebe. It is a Kulusizi ukuba kwixesha elidlulileyo kungaba lula sokubetha umntu maziphoswe phezu icala yobomi. abantu abaninzi abemi abaye bade kwisimo kokufa kwakhe, nangoku engenayo ezingqondweni yoluntu indima lona ikamva. Uluntu yanamhlanje wedemokhrasi kufuneka sivumele lihlazo enjalo.