I-antihistamines engcono kakhulu izizukulwana ezine

Ngokumalunga naziphi i-antihistamines, abantu abahlala bexhatshazwa yi-allergies bayazi kakuhle. Ngamanye amaxesha kuphela amayeza afikelelekayo angabasindisa kwiintlungu ezibuhlungu, ukukhwehlela okukhulu, ukuvuvukala nokubomvu. I-Antihistamines yezizukulwana ezi-4 zithetha iimeko zanamhlanje ezichaphazela umzimba ngokukhawuleza. Ukongeza, zisebenza kakuhle. Isiphumo esivela kubo siyaqhubeka ixesha elide.

Iziphumo emzimbeni

Ukuqonda oko kuchaza i-antihistamines yezizukulwana ezi-4, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda indlela yokwenza izidakamizwa ezichasayo.

Ezi zi yobisi zivimba i-H1 ne-H2 i-histamine receptors. Oku kunceda ukunciphisa ukusabela komzimba kunye nomlamli we-histamine. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuphendulwa komzimba kuphelile. Ukongezelela, ezi zi yobisi zisebenza njengeprophylaxis kakhulu ye-bronchospasm.

Cinga ngama-antihistamines kwizizukulwana. Oku kuya kusenza sikwazi ukuqonda iingenelo zamanqanaba anamhlanje.

Amachiza okuQala

Eli candelo liquka iidalatives. Bavimba ii-H1-receptors. Ubungakanani bezenzo zezi ziyobisi ngamahora 4-5. Amachiza aneempembelelo ezichasene neziphumo, kodwa zinenani lokungaphumeleli phakathi kwazo:

• Umfundi ohluthayo;
• Yomisa emlonyeni womlomo;
• Umbono ogqityiweyo;
• Ukulala;
• Nciphisa ithowuni.

Iziyobisi eziqhelekileyo zezizukulwana zokuqala zi:

• "IDedrolrol";
• "Diazolin";
• "Tavegil";
• Suprastin;
• "Peritol";
• "Pipolphen";
• Fenkarol.

Ezi zi yobisi, ngokomthetho, zimiselwe abantu abanezifo ezingapheliyo, apho kunzima ukuphefumula (i-asthma). Ukongezelela, baya kuba nefuthe elihle ekusebenzeni okuthe tye.

Ukulungiswa kwesizukulwana sesi-2

Ezi zi yobisi zibizwa ngokuba yizinto ezingabonakaliyo. Iindlela ezinjalo asinalo uluhlu olumangalisayo lwemiphumo emibi. Abavusisi ukulala, ukuhla kwezenzo zobuchopho. Xa kunokwenzeka ukuba utywala kunye nokukhanda kwesikhumba, iziyobisi ziyimfuneko.

Izidakamizwa ezithandwa kakhulu zi:

• "Claritin";
• "Treksil";
• "Zodak";
• Fenistil;
• "Histalo";
• Semprex.

Nangona kunjalo, impendulo enkulu yalezi yobisi yingozi ye-cardiotoxic. Yingakho ezi zi yobisi zivinjelwe ukuba zisetyenziswe ngabantu abaphethwe yintsholongwane yomzimba.

Amachiza esizukulwana sesithathu

Ezi zi-metabolites ezisebenzayo. Zinempahla echasene nezixhobo ezichasayo kwaye zibonakaliswa ngoluhlu oluncinci lweengqinisiso. Ukuba sithetha ngezidakamizwa ezisebenzayo, okokuba ezi zi yobisi zimela ama-antihistamines anamhlanje.

Ziziphi izidakamizwa ezithandwa kakhulu kweli qela? Lawa mayeza alandelayo:

• Zirtek;
• "Cetrin";
• "Telfast".

Abanayo impembelelo ye-cardiotoxic. Zivame ukuba zichazwe ukuba zenzeke ngokuthe tye kunye ne-asthma. Iziphumo ezigqwesileyo abazibonelela ekulwa nezifo ezininzi ze-dermatological.

Ukulungiswa kwesizukulwana sesine

Kungekudala, iingcali zakha izidakamizwa zakutshanje. Ezi zi-antihistamines zesizukulwana sesine. Zijongwa ngokukhawuleza kwezenzo kunye nomphumo osisigxina. Ezi zi yobisi zivimba ngokupheleleyo i-H1-receptors, ukuphelisa zonke iimpawu ezingathandekiyo zokugula.

Inzuzo enkulu yale myeza kukuba ukusebenzisa kwabo akulimazi ukusebenza kwenhliziyo. Oku kusenza sikwazi ukuwajonga ngokufanelekileyo iindlela ezikhuselekileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, umntu akafanele akhohlwe ukuba aphikisana. Uluhlu olunjalo luyingcinci, ngokukodwa lubudala bomntwana kunye nokukhulelwa. Kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba udibane nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa. Akunangqiqo ukufundela imiyalelo ngokubanzi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-antihistamines yesizukulwana sesine.

Uluhlu lwamachiza anjengolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• "Levocetirizine";
• "UErius";
• Desloratadine;
• "Ebastin";
• "Fexofenadine";
• Bamipin;
• Fenspiride;
• "Cetirizine";
• Xizal.

Ezona zingcono iziyobisi

Kunzima ukuhlula phakathi kweziyobisi zesizukulwana sesine esona sisebenzayo. Ekubeni ezo zonyango ziphuhlisiwe kungekudala, zininzi zi-antiallergic agents. Ukongezelela, onke amalungiselelo alungile ngendlela yawo. Ngoko ke, akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa i-antihistamines engcono kakhulu kwisizukulwana sesine.

Izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-phenoxofenadine zifunwa kakhulu. Ezi zonyango azikwazi ukuba nempembelelo kunye ne-cardiotoxic emzimbeni. Le mali namhlanje ibambelela ngokufanelekileyo indawo yonyango oluchanekileyo lwe-antiallergic.

Iiliti ze-cetirizine zivame ukusetyenziswa ekuphatheni ukubonakaliswa kwesikhumba. Emva kokutya i-tablet 1, umphumo ubonakala emva kweeyure ezimbini. Kule meko, lihlala ixesha elide.

I-metabolite esebenzayo ye-"Loratadin" eyaziwayo yileli "Elius". Esi sidakamizwa sisebenza ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngama- 2.5 ngaphezu kokuqala kwayo.

"Iyeza le-Xizal" lifanelwe ukuthandwa kakhulu. Ikhuba ngokupheleleyo ukukhululwa kwabalamli abavuthayo. Ngenxa yesi siphumo, le mpendulo ichanekile ekupheliseni iimpendulo.

Iyeza "Cetirizin"

Esi sixhobo esinempumelelo. Njengawo onke ama-antihistamines anamhlanje wesizukulwana sesi-4, isilwanyana emzimbeni asinakuxilongwa.

Isilwanyana sibonakalise ukuba siphumelele kakhulu kwiiphulaphu zesikhumba, njengoko sikwazi ukungena ngokugqibeleleyo kumaphephelo epidermal. Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kweli bonyana kwiintsana ezijongene nesifo se-earlyopic syndrome kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuqhubela phambili kwezi meko kwixesha elizayo.

2 iiyure emva kokuba uthathe ipilisi, umphumo oqhubekayo uqhubeka. Ekubeni iqhubeka ixesha elide, kwanele ukuthatha iipilisi ezili-1 ngosuku. Ezinye izigulane ukuthatha isiphumo esifanelekileyo zingathatha iibhebhile elilodwa ngalunye olunye usuku okanye kabini ngeveki.

Amachiza anomonakalo omncinane . Nangona kunjalo, izigulane eziphethwe yi-kidney pathologies kufuneka ziqaphele kakhulu ukusebenzisa le mpendulo.

Isilwanyana ngesimo sokumiswa okanye isiraphu kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa iimvumba ukusuka kwiminyaka emibini.

Iyeza "Fexofenadine"

Eli arhente ngumetabolite we-terfenadine. Leziyobisi ziyaziwa kwaye zibizwa ngokuba yi "Telfast". Njengamanye ama-antihistamines kwisizukulwana sesine, ayibangeli ubuthongo, ayinakuxilongwa, kwaye ayichaphazeli imisebenzi ye-psychomotor.

Eli phephelo linye yezona zikhuselekileyo, kodwa ezichanekileyo iziyobisi phakathi kwazo zonke izigulana ezichasayo. Isilwanyana sinokufunwa naluphi na ukubonakaliswa kwemvelo. Ngako oko, oogqirha bayayichazela ukuba phantse zonke izifo.

Amacwecwe e-anti-histamine "Fexofenadine" avunyelwe ukuvunyelwa kwabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-6.

Isidakamizwa Desloratadine

Eli liyeza lisezo ziyobisi ezidumile. Ingasetyenziselwa nawaphi na amaqela eminyaka. Ekubeni i-pharmacologists iye yaboniswa ukuba ikhuselekile kakhulu, injalo isilwanyana sinikezwa kwii-pharmacy ngaphandle kwemithi.

Isilwanyana sinomphumo omncinci wokudambisa, asinomphumo onobungozi kumsebenzi wentliziyo, ayichaphazeli isigaba se-psychomotor. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iyeza liyakunyamezela zizigulane. Ukongezelela, ayinxibelelwano namanye amayeza.

Elinye lamachiza asebenzayo kweli qela liyilisi "uErius". Le yonyango elinamandla kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lokukhulelwa lichazwe. Ngendlela yesiraphu, iyeza livunyelwe ukuthatha iintsana ukusuka kunyaka o-1.

Isiza "Levocetirizine"

Eli pheko liyaziwa ngokuba yi "Suprastinex", "Ceser". Eli liyeza elihle kakhulu, elimiselwe izigulane ezijongene neempembelelo ezithintekayo kwi-pollen. I-ejenti inqunywe xa kukho imbonakalo yonyaka okanye yonke loo nyaka. Isilwanyana sinesidingo sokonyango lwe-conjunctivitis, i -rhinitis ye-allergen.

Kunconywa ukuthatha iyeza kusasa okanye ngexesha lokutya. Isibisi akufanele sidibaniswe notywala.

Isiphelo

Amachiza esi sizukulwana esitsha asebenza ngama-metabolites asetyenziswa ngaphambili. Ngokuqinisekileyo, eli propati yenza i-antihistamines yesizukulwana sesine iphumelele kakhulu. Amachiza emzimbeni womntu awanakulinganiswa, kodwa anika umphumo omude kunye nesigxina. Ngokwahlukileyo kwiindlela zezizukulwana zangaphambili, loo myeza ayinayo ingozi kwimbindi.