I-pilot-cosmonaut yaseRussia Federation Usachev Yuri

Ngamnye wethu, mhlawumbi, ephupha i-cosmos njengomntwana, ephupha ekuhloliseni indalo, ekufumaneni nayo, kodwa ekuphishekeleni ezi zifunyenwe kwiminyaka kwaye angazifezekisi kubo bonke abantu emagxeni.

77 kwizinga lelizwe kunye ne-cosmonaut engama-305 ehlabathini - oku kubonakala ngathi umqhubi we-Russian Federation-Usachev Yuri. Le ndoda yayingenanhlanhla ngokwaneleyo ukuba ikwazi ukuqonda amaphupha akhe yobuntwabhakabhaka, kodwa nokuba ibe enye yezona zinto zifanelekile kwaye zihlonitshwe, zizwe nakwamanye amazwe.

Ukongeza, u-Usachev wakwazi ukupapasha i-astronautics, ukuyizisa kubantu. U-Yuri wafika nombono wokuzama isandla sakhe ngokubhala. Kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, waphumelela. Wonke umntu unokufunda ngemisebenzi yakhe namhlanje. Kwanele kuphela ukufikelela kwilayibrari esondeleyo kwaye ufumane ishedyuli efunekayo.

Le yayaziwa kakhulu kuthiwa ngamnye wethu isithuba esinetalente esikuthandayo u-Yuri Usachev. Iifoto zeenqwelo zakhe ezigqityiweyo zihlobisa iphepha ngalinye lemisebenzi yakhe.

Umntwana, iSikole kunye nexesha leMfundi

U-Yuri wazalwa kwindawo yaseRostov ngo-Oktobha 9, 1957. Ukufumana ulwazi, wayenguye yedwa umntwana kwintsapho-wayenomzalwana omdala nodade owayesembalwa emininzi. Unina wenkwenkwe wayesebenze bonke ubomi bakhe kwipriniki njengengcali, kwaye uyise wayengummbizi kunye nombane ongaphantsi komhlaba.

Usachev U-Yuri wakhula umntwana okhaliphile kwaye sele sele eseneminyaka engama-6 abazali bakhe bamnika kwiklasi yokuqala yesikolo sekondari no-5 kwisixeko saseDonetsk. Ukongeza kokufunda, le nkwenkwe yazinikela ngokupheleleyo kwimidlalo. Wayenomdla ngakumbi kwiintlobo ezinjalo zomzabalazo njenge-sambo ne-judo.

Emva kwesikolo, wafumana umsebenzi njengomjiki wecandelo lokukhangela ikotoni, apho wayesebenzela ixesha elifutshane-le ndoda yayithunywe yi-commissar yempi ukuya kwiikhosi ze-Voluntary Society yokuNcedisa kwi-Army, i-Aviation and Fleet, ngexesha lokugqweswa, yafumana ilayisenisi yokuqhuba yeklasi yesithathu. Emva kwexesha elithile, u-Yuri wabizelwa ukuya empini. Emva koko emva kokuphela kweyunithi yecandelo elinyanzelekileyo, wamiselwa ukuba abe ngumlawuli weSebe.

Emva kokubuya kwakhe kwimikhosi yomkhosi ngo-1978, ungena eMoscow ngokulungiselela izifundo kwi-Orzhonikidze Aviation Institute. NgoSeptemba, ubhalise kwiCandelo lamaCosmonautics, ekugqibeleni waphumelela iziqu ngo-1985 kunye ne-diploma kwiNjineli yobungcali.

Ekuqaleni kohambo

Ngokumalunga nesimo esinzima kwimeko, intsapho i-Yuri kufuneka idibanise ukufundisisa nomsebenzi. Kwaye waba ngumfundi weziko lokukhusela iinqwelomoya, wayenenhlanhla ukuthatha indawo ye-laboratory omncedisayo kwi-faculty, eyanceda ekusebenzeni ngexabiso lemfundo. Kwaye ngexesha lokwenziwa komsebenzi, owaqala ngoFebruwari ukuya kuApreli 1985, wazama inxaxheba kwinqanawa yokuqeqesha umkhumbi obizwa ngokuthi "Saima".

Kamva kamva ufika njengenjineli kwi-Rocket kunye ne-Space Corporation Energia egama lingu-Korolev, apho, emva kokuba esebenze iminyaka yakhe yokuqala yokuqala emithathu, unquma ukufaka isicelo sokwamkelwa kwintambo ye-cosmonaut. Ingxelo yomfana omncinci kodwa othembisekileyo wamukelwa ngabaphathi kwaye wabuya wamthuma kwikhomishoni yonyango.

Ngenxa yoko, ngo-Oktobha 1988, oogqirha bamqaphela ukuba unelungelo lokwenza inkonzo kwaye, ngo-Oktobha 21, wavunyelwa ukuba aqhubeke noqeqesho olulodwa kwi-Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Centre. Kwaye emva komhla, intombi yakhe eyintanda kunye nentanda, u-Eugene, ibonakala ekukhanyeni. Ngokutsho kwe-cosmonaut ngokwakhe, oku kwakuyisipho esona sihle kunokuba ubomi bungamnika.

Imisebenzi yesikhala se-Usachev

Ekupheleni kukaJanuwari 1989 U-Usachev u-Yuri Vladimirovich, i-cosmonaut, wacetyiswa ukuba afakwe kwi-rocket kunye ne-corporation "Energia". Kulapho, uqala umsebenzi kwisithuthi sokuqalisa kwaye uthatha inxaxheba ngokubambisana nayo yonke into ekuqwalaseleni imiba enxulumene nokwakhiwa okuqhubekayo kweenqwelo, kwaye ithathwa ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sokungena kwi-space.

Kanye inyanga kamva unikwe isikhundla sokuhlola i-cosmonaut. Kulapho udibana nomqhubi ojongene nomqhubi kunye nekamva lomsebenzi - u-Yuri Onufrienko. Kwaye sele sele ngo-1991 wabhalwa kwiqela le-corporation "Energia". Emva koko, udlula ukuqeqeshwa kweendawo eziqhelekileyo kwiziko elingaphantsi kwegama elithi "Mir".

Ukususela maphakathi no-Oktobha 1992 ukuya ngoJanuwari 1993, wenza izilungiso ezifunekayo zokubhenela kwindawo yangaphandle, ezama iindidi ze-engineboard-mechanic yomkhumbi.

NgoJanuwari 24 wonyaka ofanayo U-Usachev u-Yuri wenza njengobungqina obuphindaphindiweyo bomqhubi we-board onohambo oluphambili kwisikhululo se-Mir okanye iSoyuz TM-15, uCaptain Poleshchuk. Ukususela ngoFebruwari 8 ukuya kuJuni 24, u-Yuri wenza uqeqesho oluthile olukhethekileyo lwe-cosmonauts, kuphela ngokuhambelana nenkqubo ye-EO-14. Olu tshintsho lwangenxa yokuba u-Yuri kunye nomphathi wakhe oyintloko, uTsibliev, babengenaso isipiliyoni sokubhukuda kwindawo yangaphandle emva kwamahlombe abo kunye namagunya aphezulu abazange bawashiye bodwa kwihambo enye, kodwa mhlawumbi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

NgoJulayi 1, 1993, waphinda wenza njengengcibi-bhineli yebhodi yeshumi elinesine. Kwaye ngo-Agasti 16 umqhubi wasele ephoqelekile ukuba aqalise ukulungiswa okulandelayo kweso sihlandlo.

Uhambo lokuqala

Uhambo lokuqala olulindelekileyo olude ulindelekileyo, u-Yuri Usachev (cosmonaut), owenziwe ngexesha lokusukela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuJulayi 1994 kwi-rocket ye-Soyuz-18 kunye ne-Mir orbital complex kunye nePolakov ne-Afanasyev, abaza kuba ngabahlobo bakhe abakhulu. Ekubuyeni kwakhe eMhlabeni, wanikezelwa ngesihloko esithi Hero of Russia, i-Pilot-Cosmonaut yaseRussia Federation kunye nomphenyi oyedwa kunye nomthembisi othembisayo wanikezelwa iziqinisekiso ze-cosmonaut ye-third-class test.

Emva kokuchitha ixesha elithile kwiholide elifanelekileyo, u-Usachev Ugu uzimisele ukubuyela emsebenzini. Ewe, ngokukhawuleza waphinda wabizwa kubasebenzi be sibini be-EO-19 endaweni yePoleschuk eyaziwayo. I-astronaut yafika ngokukhawuleza kwaye yafezekisa izakhono zayo zokuhamba ngeenqwelo-moya kwixesha elidlulileyo.

Ngomhla ka-Juni 27, 1995, wenza njengengqungquthela ye-enginjini ye-board of the crew of Budarin. Emva koko wabeka ukusebenzela uqeqesho olulandelayo, nangona ngoku wayesethetha kwisikolo sokuqala salo mkhombe.

Uhambo lwesibini

Uhambo olulandelayo oluya kwi-airspace lwaqala ngoFebruwari 21 lwaza luphela ngoSeptemba 2, 1996 njengenxalenye yeqela le-Soyuz-23 kunye neye-twenty-first. Ukuhamba kweyesibini kwaba ngu-Usachev debut - ngeli xesha kwakukho inhlanhla ukuqhuba iimpahla ezithandathu eziphumelelayo kwindawo evulekile, apho wachitha ixesha elipheleleyo leeyure ezingama-30 kunye nemizuzu efanayo yexesha lakhe.

Ukususela ngoMeyi 19 ukuya kuMeyi 29, 2000 U-Usachev u-Yuri wenza inxalenye yesithathu ebusweni bakhe bokuphila kwi-spacecraft yesizukulwana esitsha sase-Atlantis. Le ntshukumo yahlala kwiintsuku ezithoba kunye neeyure ezingamashumi amabini kwaye icinga ukusebenza kwemisebenzi yokubuyisela iBhodi ye-ISS.

Inqwelomoya yesine

Okwesine, u-Yuri Vladimirovich wagijima ngo-Matshi 8, 2001 njengenxalenye yesibini ye-ISS crew kwi-space space ebizwa ngokuba yi-Discover.

Ezinye izinto ze-astronaut

Wakwazi ukudibanisa iibhola zokuhamba kunye nokubhala. U-astronaut waseRashiya u-Yuri Usachev unobungakanani. "Ngenye imini kwindawo" - enye yezona zidumileyo zendalo zakhe, okwakubaluleke ngokukodwa kwabagxeki nabafundi abanolwazi.

U-Yuri naye wabelane ngokubonakala kwakhe kuluntu ngokubhala, apho uchaze ngokucacileyo nganye yeenqwelo zakhe. Intambo yakhe yokuqala yayibizwa ngokuba yi "Diary of Astronaut", ngo-2004 ukukhululwa. Le ncwadi yawa ngokukhawuleza ekuthandeni kwabafundi kwaye yazisa udumo lomlobi kwintsimi yomlobi.

Kuze kube yinto esazi ngayo, umsebenzi wencwadi umbhali usithathileyo. Akanenjongo yokumisa oko akufezile. U-Yuri Vladimirovich ukhangeleke ngeengcamango ezininzi kunye nemisebenzi. Ngoko makhe sifune le ndoda enhle kunye nekhono elihle kakhulu elithempumelelo!

Isiphelo

Ngomntu onobuchule, onomnqophiso kunye onamandla, sinethuba lokuziqhelanisa kweli nqaku. Emva koko, uYury Usachev unempawu ezifanayo. I-biography yale astronaut iyakwazi ukumangaliswa, yolonwabo kwaye ikhuthaze nokuba nomthandayo wonke umntu othanda ukufumana impumelelo enkulu.