Iconography of Rus Ancient

Iconography of Rus yamandulo engcwele. Inkqubo yokuyila liphela kuxhomekeke imithetho engqongqo eziphefumlelweyo. Oku, kwelinye icala, icons Sivikivekile eRashiya yamandulo, ekubeni inkosi esetyenzisiweyo uye iconography kwangaphambili. Kodwa ke, kwangaxeshanye, it ikuvumela ukuba ugxininise "kakuhle umbandela ngokomoya", ugxininise ukungena nzulu umfanekiso kunye nenkqubo udala ngayo ngokugqibeleleyo iindlela zobugcisa.

iconography Old Russian bathobele umthetho awuyi kuphela vutshila zomfanekiso, kodwa ukhetho izinto kuye. iindlela zemveli Umi kusetyenziswa indlela yokulungiselela komhlaba lomfanekiso ukwakhiwa iipeyinti technology ukulungiswa komhlaba. Iconography of Rus Intshabalalo yaMandulo obuqhajelweyo kunye nolandelelwano olusisinyanzelo iileta.

Ukubhala imifanekiso wathwala Iipeyinti, amacandelo Umatshini zezi tempera (emulsion zolwelo ngeqanda sac). Isiseko luqhele ukusetyenziswa iibhodi ngamaplanga. Ukulungiselela kwebhodi lokubhala impela ende ixesha elide nelityayo ixesha. amaplanga Abanyulwa bakhe maleko ngamandla kakhulu ngaphakathi. Nokuveliswa iiplanga icons abenza derevschiki (drevodely), ngabapeyinti ngokwabo wenjenjalo kunqabile kakhulu.

icon amancinane zizotywe kweplanga inye. Kuba imifanekiso emikhulu kusetyenziswa iibhodi ezininzi ezinxulumene kunye nabanye.

Ngaphambili webhodi lazithwebula lokungahlangani eliphakathi (ityeya). Wadala uhlobo window. isakhelo Kunye iikona oko kwasekwa (field).

Bubunjani ibhodi obandayo, ubunzulu yetyeya, ububanzi endle kunokwenzeka rhoqo ukuqinisekisa indawo kunye nexesha wokwenziwa ebhodini. On icon yamandulo (iinkulungwane 11-12) ityeya, njengoko umthetho, kuthatha intsimi enzulu ebanzi. Kamva, ibhodi wenza elinephepha emxinwa. Ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-14 inokufumaneka icons kwemida.

Gesso primer bakhonza. Le umxube lelabhastile okanye ngetshokhwe ne fish (Intlanzi) ngcina. IBhodi izihlandlo eziliqela ingubo kulu (ulwelo eshushu), pavoloka ngoko ke isicelo (ngelaphu), akramnceleyo, namasundu. Gesso isicelo emva kokuba yaphuse pavoloka. Primer lasebenza ngokwemaleko eziliqela. likumyinge endaweni ngononophelo, maxa wambi olugudisiweyo. Kwezinye iimeko, isiqabu busetyenzisiwe.

Image esisetyenziswe kumphezulu uzilungiselele komhlaba. Icons Rus yamandulo kuzakuthathwa ngezigaba iipateni. Okokuqala, touch ukukhanya amasetyana amalahle ezinde ethambileyo iyazigatya umfanekiso yokuqala. Okwesibini umzobo eneenkcukacha ngakumbi kwenziwa ngepeyinti (brown okanye emnyama).

Maxa wambi iinkosi wasebenzisa "iresiphi", livela icons bakhonza njengomzekelo. Ngaloo eboniswe umfanekiso.

Waza waqala incwadi. Inxaxheba kwinqanaba lokuqala okuyiphatha phandle "ozolochenie" zonke iindawo kuyimfuneko, ngoko wavelisa "dolichnoe" incwadi (ezibhaliweyo isakhiwo, impahla, landscape). Umfanekiso ubuso lwaqhutywa kwi kwinqanaba lokugqibela. ulandelelwano-ngqesho waba ukusetyenziswa kunye ipeyinti.

Ukubhala lwaqhutywa ngokungqinelana kwisikhokelo icon ( "originals"). Bona ziqulathe ulwazi malunga netheknoloji ileta okanye ngenye indlela.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngokoMthetho kwintlangano yayo yangaphakathi kwaye lwangaphandle icon undinike isiqwenga entsonkothileyo kakhulu art. Noko ke, kule kwiNkulungwane ye-19 ukuya kwi icon ngabapeyinti amagcisa iphathwa njenge Class II, sigqibe ukuba icon kwakudala. iinkosi zamandulo asolwa ngokungazi iindlela ekudaleni injalo ngqo kunye komzimba womntu. Kunye nale icon yi isiphumo ubugcisa enesidima kunye nenkcubeko eliphezulu nomfanekiso. Ukusebenzisa tempera painting ezifunekayo izakhono ezizodwa, owafunda kule minyaka yoqeqesho.

ngabapeyinti Icon of Russia yamandulo waqonda ileta njengesenzo unxibelelwano kunye namanye ihlabathi. Le zokuhlanjululwa efunekayo ngokwenyama nangokomoya.

Malunga iinkosi lidala baye basinda ulwazi encinane. Nakuba kunjalo, amaphepha yobungqina yezembali, kunye icons isantya entsimini, iitempile iindonga ukugcina amagama ngabapeyinti yamandulo. Phakathi kwabo kufuneka ngokuba yimonki Alimpiya bexesha lakhe uStefano, Gaga, Sezhira, Radko. Enye yee icon edume "Emnye" ezibhalwe Andrei Rublev.