Idlala Pharyngeal. Hypertrophy le idlala pharyngeal

Tonsils - iimanyano nkovu indawo ubukhulu becala emlonyeni. Ngokuqinisekileyo wena weva ezi zakhiwo, kodwa bengazi ukuba imisebenzi ebalulekileyo eziyenzayo. Ngelishwa, njengazo zonke ezinye izigqeba, tonsils basengozini izifo kunye nezinye izifo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, kubalulekile ukuba uyazi ukuba yintoni na iimpawu zihamba zizifo ezithile njalo. Ekubeni kunazo pharyngeal Amygdala (kwakhona ekubhekiselwe kuyo amayeza njengokuba nasopharyngeal), into yokuqala ukuqwalasela iimpawu ukuhamba ezimbi ezahlukeneyo kanye kule sakhiwo.

idlala Pharyngeal: isakhiwo kunye nolwazi jikelele

Okokuqala, masithi ukuba ijikazi pharyngeal siquka zeamangile ezintandathu (bade babe iinombolo zabo). Izakhiwo ngokwabo bamele cluster of lymphoid ijwabu elimbhoxo. Zingakotshwa ngeziBini unpaired.

• tonsils iPalatine (I and II) ibekwe ebizwa ngokuba yi-yayigcinwa tonsillar emacaleni kwi tab ijinga esibhakabhakeni. Xa uhlobo ziyafana nuts womamangile. Ngokufuthi amayeza, kuvela ezi zakhiwo phantsi igama 'amadlala ". Kukukrala lungunobangela zonke umqala obuhlungu ezaziwayo-kakuhle kunye tonsils.
• idlala Pharyngeal (ifoto cm. Ngaphezu), eyaziwa ngokuba imipu idlala nasopharyngeal kwaye (III). Isakhiwo ebekwe ngokwenza phezu kophahla pharynx, kwaye ukuhlala isahlulo aphezulu udonga elingasemva nasopharynx. Kubonakala ngathi ezimbalwa transversely luhle elibukhali nezibaya mucosal ngokufulelwa epithelium ciliated.
• Le zeelwimi idlala (IV), sise engcanjini ulwimi, apho emseleni yahlula isakhiwo kuyiwe iziqingatha ezibini. I-Amygdala unalo kumphezulu benqumla, crypts kunye nzulu emazantsi apho uvula imigudu amathe. Isakhiwo wambu epithelium multilayer flat.
• Amygdala Tubular (V kunye VI) amacandelo zincinane zibekwe kufutshane Ekungeneni pharyngeal tube Eustachian.

Ukongeza, ukuba nezihlunu kwingqula kunye pharynx, kukho ngokobuninzi ezincinane lymphoid. Bonke ndawonye bakha limfoepitelialnogo iyunithi, umsebenzi walo ongundoqo kukukhusela eziphilayo ukusuka ifuthe izinto ezingalunganga.

Umsebenzi main le tonsils

Amygdala - inxalenye yenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, kwakunye iindawo nkovu, udakada, kunye nezinye izakhiwo. Ngako oko, imisebenzi esisiseko kulo mzekelo zezi hematopoiesis kunye nokukhuselwa eziphilayo.

Iiseli umzimba humoral - umz, lymphocyte ekuveliseni lymphoid idlala kwithishyu. Ukongeza, iqulathe inani elikhulu macrophage ukuba babe amandla okutsala yokungenelela nezakhi ezahlukeneyo, kuquka amasuntswana wentsholongwane egazini okanye iiseli bacteria.

Yaye iiseli tonsils lymphocyte lisondele kakhulu epithelium kumphezulu. Kwezinye iindawo zomzimba zibhityile kangangokuba iiseli beza komhlaba kunye tonsils, ngokulandelelana, ukuze banxibelelane arhente ezahlukeneyo zamanye amazwe.

Ukudumba tonsils: Oonobangela

Adenoids - ukudumba idlala pharyngeal. Njengomgaqo, uhlobo nokoyika esi sifo kuphuhliswa phambi nezinye izifo zemiphunga apho usulelo ingena kwi inyama lymphoid. Ukongeza, i-isifo olubakho xa isebenze flora kwemiqathango yayintsholongwane eyosulela le nasopharynx. Njengokuba kubhaliwe yaziwa, iqulathe isixa esikhulu ezincinane iintsholongwane. Kodwa ngoxa inani labo makulawulwe ngokungqongqo xa amajoni omzimba, iintsholongwane ukulimaza omkhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kunye buthathaka okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle magciwane omzimba aqale ukwanda ngamandla, nto leyo ekugqibeleni kukhokelela kuphuhliso inkqubo arhabaxa.

Ngelishwa, ukudumba tonsils badla ahlale ngaphandle ingqalelo kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo. izifo qho kukhokelela kukuba izakhiwo lymphoid bona baba ngumthombo usulelo ukuba iye yandele kwamanye amalungu, ibangela sinusitis, otitis, tracheobronchitis, kunye nezinye izigulo.

Hi ndlela leyi, isifo efanayo kakhulu ngokuqhelekileyo sifo ebantwaneni. Ukudumba pharyngeal idlala abadala - imeko esiyingozi, kuba oko kunokubangela i kakhulu lwe angina retronazalnoy.

Lo mfanekiso kwezonyango ukudumba

Esi sifo tonsils pharyngeal sikwinqanaba lokuqala lufana umkhuhlane. Okokuqala, iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni liphuma kwaye kukho iimpawu kunxilwe, kuqukwa umkhuhlane, ukudinwa, iingqaqambo zomzimba, intloko ebuhlungu. Iimpawu zihlanganisa ukhohlokhohlo kunye yanto.

Njengokuba isifo siqhubeka kukho intlungu ubunzulu ikhala kudlulela emva lweHo- ngeempumlo. Kaninzi, izigulane ezikhala intlungu emva zentloko yakhe. Ekweneni inwebu yangaphakathi badla isicelo rozemyullerovye fovea, nto leyo sikhatshwa ziintlungu ezindlebeni, bakuva ilahleko, ukuphazamiseka samarhanana uphefumlayo. Ukongeza, izigulana ezikhala imvakalelo tickling kunye neentlungu emqaleni.

Ngosuku loviwo, uya kuqaphela ukuqokelelela yencindi empumlo nomqala. Kwakhona, ukwanda idlala pharyngeal. Phezu kwamanzi, inokubuyiselwa wakubona ukubola ezinezikhondo kwaye sulcus oko kudla ezaliswe exudate ubovu. Ukunyuka entanyeni, emva neendawo nkovu submandibular. Kwiintsana, esi sifo kufuneka sikhatshwe ukuhlaselwa Ukuphelelwa, hilaha ku laryngitis.

Ifom zale sifo ithatha malunga 5-7 iintsuku. Ngelishwa, ukuba nokwenzeka ukuhluleka, nokuba ezininzi, phezulu kakhulu, nto leyo ekugqibeleni kukhokelela iintlobo ezingapheliyo kwesi sifo. Ngaphezu koko, xa kwimvelaphi ukudumba ebantwaneni bavame iingxaki ezifana otitis, sinusitis, ukoyiswa lacrimal, amathumba retropharyngeal, bronchopneumonia, laringotraheobronhity kunye nezinye izifo umgudu.

Indlela yokuphatha adenoids?

Irejimeni yonyango sisifo onjalo ixhomekeke imeko yomguli kunye massiveness inkqubo arhabaxa. Phambi izilonda angafuna asike, kulandele unkcenkceshelo amalungiselelo kubola.

Ukuba unobangela inkqubo yokukrala yi igciwane (amaninzi oko kunjalo), ngoko ke isigulane emiselweyo antibiotics. Ukongezelela, inani iziyobisi antihistamine ( "Tavegil", "Suprastin" kunye t. D.), Nguwuphi ukunceda ukuthintela uphuhliso kukwalisa amayeza okudambisa nokudumba kwe inwebu yangaphakathi, ngaloo ndlela ngokuququzelela ukuphefumla, ukuginya. Kucetyiswa ukusetyenziswa amathontsi vasoconstrictor ngeempumlo. amarhanana, udonga ngeempumlo ukunkcenkceshela magciwane (umz, isisombululo zesilivere Protargolum, isilivere colloid). Ukuba wonk 'iziyobisi fever antipyretic kunokwenzeka, nonsteroidal amachiza anti-ukudumba (umz: "Nurofen", "Ibufen" "paracetamol").

ngamanye amaxesha abekiweyo izigulane abafumana immunomodulators Ukukhawulezisa inkqubo impiliso. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko vitamin. Hi ndlela leyi, ukungenisa iivithamini kunye amayeza nokomeleza amajoni omzimba (umzekelo, "Aflubin"), kucetyiswa kabini ngonyaka ukuthintela ukwenzeka.

Ukuba sifo tonsils pharyngeal ukuphuhlisa kakhulu, ephelekwa umkhuhlane omkhulu, ukubunjwa ithumba, iindidi iingxaki ezifuna esibhedlele umntwana. Uthomalaliso ezijoliswe ekupheliseni kwenkqubo yokukrala kunye ekulondolozweni tonsils. Noko ke, kwezinye iimeko kuyimfuneko ukususwa kwaso kuhlinzwa kuyinto.

Yintoni na ke hypertrophy le idlala pharyngeal? Amafoto, iimpawu kunye inqanaba lophuhliso izifo

Ukongeza nezilonda, kukho omnye sifo eliqhelekileyo. Ngokukodwa, amayeza namhlanje abhalwe kaninzi pharyngeal idlala hypertrophy, ebonakala phantsi kwesihloko "adenoids".

Esi sifo kukhatshwa kukwanda (ukudumba) tonsils. Ngokutsho izifundo manani, esi sifo kakhulu sivame ukuxilongwa abantwana abaneminyaka emi-3 ukuya ku-14. Ngexesha lokufikisa Amygdala umthamo kunciphisa. Xa abadala esi sifo kunqabile sifo.

Adenoids kuvela isakhiwo njengoko emise okudodobalisa, nto leyo isuntswana kufana cockscomb, njengoko ezahlulwe nokuqina izihlunu septa ibe isithinzi eziliqela. Zinelungelo umbala baluthuthu epinki kunye texture ethambileyo. Ngokufuthi sifo isasazeka ezindongeni ecaleni pharynx wehla (oku hypertrophy kunye pharyngeal tonsils iPalatine), kwaye ngamanye amaxesha phezu yokuvulwa tube eziviwayo.

Kukho degrees ezintathu hypertrophy:

• In lokuqala-degree adenoid lugubungela malunga 1/3 ye somhlaba.
• Hyperplasia tonsils pharyngeal degrees-2 ngaphezu kubonakaliswa - Isakhiwo luvalwa phantse 2/3 ye somhlaba.
• Isigaba sesithathu esi sifo luphawulwa ukuvalwa olupheleleyo nares ngomva (ethatheni lwangaphakathi), nto leyo, ngokwendalo, lugcwele iingxaki ezininzi nokuphefumla.

Eyona eziphambili ezibangela hypertrophy

Enyanisweni, indlela esiqwini hyperplasia le tonsils pharyngeal abaqondanga ngokupheleleyo. Izinto ezibangela izifo ezinjalo, ngelishwa, akukwazeki ukufumanisa kwimeko nganye. Kunjalo, yesilungu anesiko ukwahlula izinto ukunisa ephambili ezininzi:

• Kukho uhlobo ilifa yemfuza, nto leyo ezinxulumene izifo ezithile kubume kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo emithanjeni yonyango.
• Kwandisa amathuba ekukhuleni adenoids ukukhulelwa eziyingxaki, kunye nabasebenzi zivalwe. Ngokomzekelo, izinto umngcipheko bathi hypoxia ezingekazalwa mnandi, isifo wentsholongwane egazini, baza unina kwithuba leenyanga ezintathu zokuqala zokukhulelwa, amachiza anxilisayo kunye nemithi, leyo kwafuneka ukuba zithathwe. Ngaphezu koko, lo utyekelo ukwenza adenoids zizalwa ezinokubangelwa umothuko kunye nomntwana ezininzi ngexesha lenkqubo lokubeleka.
• Ngokwendalo, ukubaluleka neempawu kwiminyaka yokuqala yobomi, umzekelo, ukuba umntwana lowo ugula ngexesha kwasebusaneni, yaye yintoni amayeza ukuba, ndabona ke ngathi yimbonakalo ukutya, nokuba kwisigcinakaliso yokudla sana, ukuba akangebi nguye ibele-ukutya, njalo njalo. D.
• umkhuhlane rhoqo kunye nezifo bentsholongwane kwandisa ingozi hyperplasia.
• Pharyngeal idlala hypertrophy ngokufuthi abantwana abanengxaki komzimba (ngasendleleni, ukuthambekela Allergies ngokwayo iyangqina ukuba ukusilela kwamajoni omzimba).

Ibalulekile, kunye neminye imiba, kuquka bume engafunekiyo eziphilayo, ukungatyi ukutya okunesondlo, uhleli ungenzi nto, njalo njalo. D. amaninzi ukukhula adenoids zichatshazelwa izinto ezininzi.

Yintoni ukuphazamiseka ukuba adenoids? iimpawu

Ngokwendalo, oku ngezifo sikhatshwa eziliqela ezinye iimpawu. Usihlube umntwana (okanye) ezinye iimpawu, kungcono ukuba udibane nogqirha. Kumanqanaba okuqala sifo sinokunyangeka ngendlela elondoloza ngakumbi. Ngoko kukhangeleka ngathi umfanekiso onyango?

• Uphawu lokuqala kwaye kakhulu uphawu - ukuphelelwa samarhanana uphefumlayo. Umntwana kulondoloza rhoqo kakhulu, kwaye umlomo.
• Amaxesha amaninzi, ukulala sikhatshwa ukutswina kwaye yayirhona, maxa wambi ebusuku isigulane uyavuka ekuhlaseleni Ukuphelelwa.
• Isigulana rhoqo Ukwacinga impumlo esihambisayo, kunye netuwa ngeempumlo ezi uphawu serous.
• Ngenxa yokuba ukhetho esoloko isebenza phantsi ngasemva empumlweni nasemqaleni, umntwana unesifo ukukhohlela rhoqo.
• Njengoko esi sifo makuqatshelwe utshintsho ilizwi, hoarseness, ngxolisa.
• Isigulana ne tonsils hypertrophic akulungeleyo kwizifo ezahlukeneyo isixokelelwano sokuphefumla, kuquka umqala obuhlungu, iphika, inyumoniya, sinusitis.
• Amaxesha amaninzi phakathi aba bantwana kunye neengxaki ngeendlebe, usulelo indlebe rhoqo, imvakalelo indlebe ingxinano.
• Ukuphazamiseka ukuphefumla kukhokelela kuphuhliso hypoxia ezingapheliyo, apho ubuchopho akafumani ioksijini ngokwaneleyo. Ekukholelwa ukuba adenoids esikolweni kusenokuba ngunobangela lisibekele yokusebenza.
• Ngokunxulumene nokuhluthwa ngeempumlo leengxaki zokuphefumla iqatshelwe inxalenye yobuso yophuhliso (kwimeko yomntwana egulayo). Kwakhiwa malocclusion, umlomo njalo kancinci evulekileyo, emhlathini olusezantsi elide kwaye imithambo.
• Kusenokubakho kwakhona i deformation yesifuba (kunye ixesha elide kwesi sifo). Ngenxa yobunzulu aphantsi inhalation Isifuba atshabalalisa nokuba linokufumana imilo ezazikayo.
• Kwezinye iimeko, igazi kunye ezinye ukuphazamiseka ye phecana wokudla, ezifana nengxaki esitulweni, yehle onombilini.

iindlela Modern zonyango lwe adenoids

Ukuba oogqirha uviwo bafumanisa ukuba pharyngeal idlala na hypertrophied, uthomalaliso owabelwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kufuneka kangangoko kunokwenzeka zama ukugcina isakhiwo lymphoid. Noko ke, unyango elondoloza kunokwenzeka kuphela kwinqanaba lokuqala yokuqulunqa sifo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, izigulane emiselweyo ezifumana antihistamines, ukuncedisa ekuphelisweni nokudumba. Ifuna ukusetyenziswa amachaphaza ngeempumlo, kwakunye lokunkcenkceshela amarhanana kwaye udonga elingasemva izisombululo nasopharynx kubola. Ukuba kukho umtshiso kancinane kwezi tonsils kusenokufuneka arhente anti-ukudumba kunye antibacterial. Kwakhona ngokuqinisekileyo nefuthe imeko yobuso zokuthambisa yomguli ommandla ikhola (ukunceda ukuthintela uphuhliso okungaqhelekanga ngamathambo), ukuphefumla imithambo, impilo yomzimba. iziphumo ezintle zifunyenwe climatotherapy, nto leyo kuyehla kube ngeholide rhoqo ezintabeni okanye elunxwemeni, kwakunye makatyelele amaziko ezizodwa zempilo.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ubukho adenoids zifuna esweni rhoqo ngugqirha - bahlolwe njalo ziyimfuneko, njengoko kunika ithuba lokuba ukwandisa ixesha ukujonga ubungakanani tonsils.

Noko ke, ngokuzalana kwaye eyesithathu inkomba yokungenelela yotyando. Resection le adenoids - inkqubo silula. Kwelinye icala, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ebuntwaneni kususwe yinxalenye amajoni omzimba kungenzeka kujongela zokuzikhusela zomzimba. Kwaye emva kokuba inkqubo ixesha elithile kufuneka esweni ngokusondeleyo impilo yomntwana kwaye baqhube amayeza njengoko kuyimfuneko.

Ezinye izigulo tonsils

Nokudumba hyperplasia le tonsils pharyngeal - ezi zifo zixhaphakileyo, kodwa akukho kuthetha kuphela. Kukho kwakhona izifo eziyingozi kakhulu kwaye ezintsonkothileyo.

Umzekelo, izigulana eliqina kunye abadala (in ubuntwana enqabileyo efana) wambi ukuxilongwa ithumba. Ukudumba pharyngeal idlala abadala maxa wambi sikhatshwe ukubonakala ithumba kunye iqokobhe. isifo okunjalo kwenzeka nzima ngokufanelekileyo. Lubonakala nomkhuhlane enqabileyo (degrees ngamanye amaxesha ukuya ku-40), ukudinwa, iingqaqambo zomzimba, isiyezi, iintlungu elibukhali emqaleni, nto leyo iya isiba namandla ngexesha yokuginya okanye ukuthetha.

Ukongeza, ukuyilwa yamathumba, zombini ebubonisayo nesibuhlungu. Ngokomzekelo, xa amayeza mihla kwafunyaniswa papillomas, lipomas, neuromas, fibroids, fibroma, angioma. Sinalo isifo pharyngeal idlala abangaboniyo kwandisa. Njengokuba isifo siqhubeka, izigulane ingxelo nzima igwinya, ukungakhululeki ngexesha ufowuna, i esisigxina umzimba angaphandle imvakalelo emqaleni. yamathumba ingozi ngokuqhelekileyo ukukhula ngokucothayo. Eyona ndlela yonyango - kokususa. Kodwa ke ukukhula yamathumba amabi, singaba sikhulu ukuzila. Ngaphezu koko, iiseli umhlaza yandele kwamanye amalungu (ukubunjwa metastases). Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ungenelelo ngotyando iyafuneka ukongeza ichemotherapy, unyango radiation, okanye nayiphi na enye indlela ngokuxhomekeke umgwebo specialist okunyangayo.

Cyst - pharyngeal isiphako idlala leyo siphelekwa ukuyilwa esingxobeni nabungozi, ngaphakathi edulusele imixholo ulwelo. Cysts inokuba eyodwa enkulu kunye ezincinane, ezininzi. Neoplasms zilungiswe nokuba kumphezulu okanye ngqo kwi tonsils zeethishu. Ubangelwa sifo inokuba ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ukusilela kwamadlala, tonsils esinganyangekiyo, usuleleko lymphoid izicwili njalo njalo. D. ntetho lwezonyango kuxhomekeke kubungakanani cysts. Ukuba imfundo encinane, nto ayinakubangela waziva. Njengoko ukukhula cysts Inokwenzeka ubunzima yokuginya kunye nezinye iimpawu eziphambili. Kwaye ke phambi yamathumba Idla yi umoya krakra. cyst uqhekeko kungabangela umtshiso omkhulu, yaye ngoko unyango kulo mzekelo nje kuyimfuneko.

Ukudumba idlala pharyngeal kusenokuvela nxamnye isifo sephepha. Lidla lesisifo efihliweyo ezifihle njenge tonsils esinganyangekiyo. Uxilongo kungenziwa kuphela emva kokuxilongwa olunzulu kunye nezifundo bacteriological.

idlala sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi esinxulunyaniswa kunye negcushuwa, apho inkqubo kwiintetho ezikralayo, kunakho ukwenzeka phantse naliphi na ibakala sifo. Maxa wambi, izigulane baphuhlise ebizwa ngokuba yi-angina syphilitic, nto leyo eyenzeka inzima kakhulu ezinye iindlela komtshiso oko.

Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, le idlala pharyngeal - isakhiwo ebalulekileyo, imeko apho kufuneka kuhoywa. Kungenxa yoko le nto imbonakalo kabi, kufuneka ixesha lokuba afune uncedo lobungcali. Azisinyangi isifo kusekwangoko kulula kakhulu ukuba balahle, umzekelo, iifomu esinganyangekiyo yesifo ethile.