LM317T: ukujikeleza unikezelo yamandla enamandla kulawulwa

Kwi micro-LM317T block umzobo umbane (PSU) yenza lula amaxesha amaninzi. Okokuqala, kunokwenzeka ukuba endla mindzulamiso. Okwesibini, nokuzinziswa amandla zaveliswa. Ke nokubuyekezwa lwabasebenzisi ezininzi radio engahlawulwayo, le microassembly ngamaxesha njengabongamileyo betye zasekhaya. Ngokukodwa, isabelo sayo esikhulu kakhulu, loo nto ayithethi ukuya nayiphi kunalo naluphi na olunye element.

Isiseko umbane - sombane

Kuyimfuneko ukuba usebenzise njengoko ombane Converter inyathelo-phantsi sombane. Kuthatha phantse naziphi na izixhobo zombane zasekhaya - maza, sets umabonwakude, njl Kwakhona kuyenzeka ukuba ukusebenzisa TCEs-110 abaguquli lophawu, leyo zithe zafakelwa iiseti zikamabonwakude emnyama namhlophe iyunithi isakhelo ukuskena .. Noko ke, sinaye ombane output 9 V kwaye ngoku mncinane kakhulu. Kwaye ukuba ufuna amandla umboleki ophezulu-amandla, kucace akwanelanga.

Kodwa ukuba ufuna ukwenza PSU enamandla, kusengqiqweni ukuba usebenzise transformers amandla. umthamo wazo kufuneka iiwathi ezingama-40. Ukuze LM317T micro umbane kuba DAC ntoni na ufuna ombane yemveliso yi 3.5-5 V. Kuyimfuneko ukugcina ixabiso kwi kwikhonkco lokutya le microcontroller. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba zasesekondari kwemicimbi iyafuneka ukuze utshintshe kancinane. Zamabanga aphantsi ngokwenza oko ke rewound, kuliwa yokugquma kuphela (ukuba kuyimfuneko).

isigaba rectifier

unit Rectifier - le isikhungu ilight semiconductor. Kwakungekho nto akukho nzima, kuyimfuneko kuphela ukumisela umyalelo, yintoni uhlobo ukulungisa ofuna ukuyisebenzisa. wesiphaluka rectifier kungaba:

• isiqingatha ngumtshangatshangiso;
• full-ngumtshangatshangiso;
• kwebhulorho;
• kabini, nakathathu, ombane.

Last kusengqiqweni ukuba isicelo ukuba, umzekelo, imveliso ye transformer onayo-24, kwaye kufuneka ukuba ufumane 48 okanye 72. Oku kuya kunciphisa imveliso ngoku, kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo. Kuba amandla elula unikezele wesiphaluka rectifier ibhulorho kakhulu efanelekileyo. Used microassembly LM317T umbane ayikho enamandla iya kwenza. Isizathu sokuba loo - amandla chip ngokwayo iiwathi ezingama-2 kuphela. Bridge circuit kwakhona ishenxisa ukuhla, kwaye unawo ukusebenza iphezulu kakhulu (xa kuthelekiswa wesekethe isiqingatha-wave). Ukuvunyelwa zikwinqanaba rectifier le isetyenziswa iindibano diode kunye namacandelo ngamnye.

Izindlu ukufumana umbane

Njengokuba material kuba lwezindlu ilumkile ukusebenzisa zeplastiki. Kulula ukusebenza, efanele deformation ngexesha ukufudumeza. Ngamanye amazwi, ungenza ngokulula ukwenza naluphi na uhlobo okusilelayo. Kwaye oko akuthethi kuthatha ixesha elide ukuze wokugrumba. Kodwa ke unako ukusebenza kancinci uze wenze nice, izindlu robust eyenziwe oxwebhu aluminiyam. Kakade ke, naye uya kuba nobunzima kakhulu, kodwa ke imbonakalo liya kuba emangalisa. Emva ukuvelisa umzimba kwiphepha-aluminiyam, oko imphilise ucocwe, lulungele baze basebenzise kwiiseli ezininzi ipeyinti ivanishi.

Ukongeza, wakube zibulala iintaka ezimbini ngelitye elinye - ukufumana umzimba entle kwaye nokubonelela Ukupholisa eyongezelweleyo micro. On LM317T unikezelo lwamandla kwakhiwa ngokwimiselo ukuba uzinziso lwenziwa kwakhululwa isixa esikhulu ubushushu. Umzekelo, ukuba une imveliso ye rectifier 12 V, nokuzinziswa kufuneka unike 5 V. Nantso umahluko, 7 Volt iya ngokushushubeza emincinci-lwezindlu. Ngoko ke, kufuneka kobubi yodidi oluphezulu. Ke izindlu aluminiyam iza kuba negalelo kule. Nangona kunjalo, ungenza phambili ngakumbi - zixhonywe iswitshi lobushushu radiator, nto leyo eza kulawula ezibandayo.

Driving sinjalo ombane

Ngoko ke, unayo LM317T microassembly, wesiphaluka umbane phambi kwamehlo akhe, ngoku kufuneka achonge injongo izigqibo zayo. Zabo liye kuphela ezintathu - igalelo (2), lokuphuma (3) kunye nobunzima (1). Vula umzimba nobuso ngokwabo, uniko manani, ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene. Yiloo nto, ngoku oko kuyimfuneko ukuze enze ummiselo ombane. Nokwenza kube lula, ukuba iyunithi sombane rectifier kwaye ukulungele. Njengoko usazi, kuthatyathwe rectifier nakwesiphi kwindibano yokuqala terminal. Nge rectifier plus unikezelo ombane lwenzeka kwi Impahla yesibini. Ukususela ombane wesithathu ngcono isusiwe. Apho igalelo kunye neziphumo kufuneka ukuba ufake i capacitors electrolytic enesakhono 100 uF, kwaye 1000 uF ngokulandelelanayo. Yiloo nto yonke, nje xa uphuma, kungakuhle ukuba ukunikezela ukuxhathisa rhoqo (zomyalelo 2 k), nto leyo eza kuvumela electrolytes ngokukhawuleza avulele emva kokucima.

Driving unikezelo amandla ombane kunye uyakwazi ukunyenyisa

Yenza iyunithi uhlenga amandla LM317T kulula, oku akuthethi ukuba ulwazi olukhethekileyo kunye nezakhono. Ngoko ke, nina sele unayo umbane kunye somfanekiso. Ngoku uphuculo nje kancinane ukutshintsha ombane imveliso, kuxhomekeke koko ufuna. Akwanelanga ukuba ukucima kwisigqibo yokuqala ukusuka emandleni thabatha micro. Yi ngomnyango kuba resistances ezimbini thotho - bahlala (nominal 240 ohms) kunye AC (5 ohms). Xa indawo eziwafaka inxulumanisa terminal yokuqala microassembly. Ezi zazo ezilula kukhokelela umbane adjustable. Apho ombane ubuninzi isicelo LM317T igalelo, kusenokuba volts-25.

Iimpawu ezongezelelweyo

Ukusetyenziswa LM317T micro umbane yesekethe kuba luncedo ngakumbi. Kakade ke, ebudeni ukusebenza unikezelo lwamandla, kuya kufuneka ukuba enze kulawulo key iparameters. Umzekelo, i-current igalelo okanye ombane output (oku kuyinyaniso ingakumbi wesekethe adjustable). Ngoko ke, izalathisi kufuneka zixhonywe lenjongo ngaphambili. Ukongeza, kufuneka ukwazi zibandakanyiwe xa uthungelwano lokunikezela umbane. Isinyanzelo kukwazisa yokubandakanywa olunamandla lombane kubhetele ukuba owonithemba LED. Esi sakhiwo kakhulu ithembekile, kodwa amandla kuba kufuneka zithathwe kunye imveliso rectifier, hayi micro.

Ukulawula yangoku kunye ombane zingasetyenziswa zalathisi socofo izidanga isikali. Kodwa kunjalo, xa ufuna ukwenza unikezelo amandla lingayivelisi kwilabhoratri, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukusebenzisa ibonisa LCD. Noko ke, kuba imilinganiselo zangoku kunye ombane kwi LM317T yesekethe umbane ubanzima ngenxa imfuneko yokusebenzisa i microcontroller yaye umqhubi okukhethekile - element buffer. It ikuvumela ukuba uqhagamshele input-output lezibuko kwidispleyi isilawuli wangoku.