Iimpawu kunye nonyango genotypes hepatitis C intsholongwane sohlobo C. Medicines abanesifo

Kude kube kutshanje kohlobo C ntsholongwane ingqalelo uhlobo kuphela zentsholongwane Hepacivirus. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuba ngamahashe, izinja, iimpuku kunye Amalulwane kwakhona kalula lo sifo. Zama ukuqonda indlela yingozi hepatitis C umntu njengaye ukubhaqa aphathe, njengoko uxilongo kwangethuba esi sifo lula kakhulu unyango. Ukongeza, isifo sifo kubantwana abancinane, kwaye kwangoko wabonakala, kokukhona amathuba yabaneziphumo ezihle.

Yintoni hepatitis C yintsholongwane

Xa umntu ukuchonga esi sifo, ngoko nangoko uqalisa uthuthumbisa imibuzo emininzi malunga hepatitis C: Yintoni na (photo ubungqina izifo), isicelo nawuphi na ugqirha uncedo, njalo-njalo. Senyongo okanye hepatitis intsholongwane yinto isuntswana equlathe genetic material (RNA) kwi-core, uphakathi iqokobhe iiproteins icosahedral kwaye ibakhusela ingavalelwa a lipid (okanye amanqatha) Imvulophu iseli-impiriyali.

Hepatitis C yenye iintsholongwane ezininzi ezibangela kakhulu ukudumba kwesibindi ehlasela. Ukuya ku-85% yabantu abathe baba ngohlobo zale sifo, ngaba ezosulelekileyo abanezifo kunye ubomi bakhe bonke. Usulelo ubukhulu becala kwenzeka nge gazi (isitofu efakwa of neenaliti non-ludlolo, imikrwelo, inxeba). Ingozi yosulelo olufumaneka ngokwayamana nale ntsholongwane kucingwa ephantsi, kodwa usenalo indawo.

Oonobangela Hepatitis B abadala

Kohlobo C - sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane yosulela isibindi. Imisebenzi umsebenzi kwesibindi ziquka ukususwa kwemichiza izinto eziyingozi emzimbeni, ukuphucula ukwetyisa, iivithamini unyango kunye nezakhi ukutya, ngokunjalo kwiinkqubo egazi igazi ukucuthwa namanxeba. Hepatitis C kwabasetyhini kuyingozi kakhulu kwiimveku kuba usana abanokosulelwa ukusuka kumama lokugula ngexesha lokubeleka. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba ukubukela ukuba ngesimo sempilo yakhe xa uceba ukukhulelwa.

senyongo ntsholongwane omdala Inokuinikezwa kwezi meko zilandelayo:

1. Xa usebenzisa non-engenazintsholongwane efakwa inaliti okanye izifo intramuscular (kubandakanywa amachiza).
2. Yomzimba, ukugqojozwa komzimba, lokugqojozwa ephethe non-engenazintsholongwane iinkqubo naliti.
3. Ngexesha kokwabelana ngesondo ngendlela engakhuselekanga kunye neqabane sifo, ukuba ngeli xesha kukho qhagamshelana ngegazi (izilonda, cuts, izilonda kwi zangasese okanye esexesheni). Le ndlela inxulumene kwiindlela angaqhelekanga sesichengeni.
4. Xa inkqubo kwegazi.
5. Ngexesha unyango kwiikliniki amazinyo.

Nokuthimla, ukukhohlela, besitya, amacephe exchange okanye ezinye random oyivileyo qhagamshelana Hepatitis ayihambi.

Izizathu kwesibindi ebantwaneni

Iimpawu kunye nonyango sohlobo C ebantwaneni zahluke kancinane iimpawu sifo kwi abadala. hepatitis Child inabela ngeendlela ezimbini: ukusuka kumama ukuya emntwaneni (indlela nkqo losuleleko) yaye adibane ngqo negazi umntu osele (indlela parenteral zosulelo). Le ntsholongwane yosulela ukusuka kumama onayo ukuba olusanda kuzalwa ngexesha lokuzalwa komntwana, nezihlandlo ezinjalo malunga 4-5%. Ukuba kuvela imeko enjalo, umfazi wacela ukwenza ngoqhaqho, leyo kunciphisa kancinane ingozi yokosulela sohlobo ntsholongwane B ukuya usana. Usulelo abantwana indlela yesibini ngokubanzi eyenzeka zongenelelo ezahlukeneyo zonyango, unyango lwamazinyo, ulawulo iziyobisi nge izixhobo ludlolo, wehemodialysis, igazi kunye nezinye iinkqubo zonyango.

Xa abakwishumi elivisayo, njengokuba abadala, kwenyusa amathuba okufumana ukusetyenziswa hepatitis iziyobisi. Ukongeza, umngcipheko wosulelo ebantwaneni nomthinjana banda waphula umthetho imithetho lococeko le ngumvambo eluswini, umzimba kunye nezinye izinto. Xa kokuyicheba iimveliso yococeko jikelele isenokungena emanxebeni, kunye abrasions eluswini kwi umzimba ingangena iintsholongwane.

Iimpawu sohlobo B kubantu abadala

Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu abaninzi hepatitis C azinazo iimpawu uphawu esi sifo. Iimpawu zokugula ezigulo ezondeleyo awufumaneki de loloyiko de isibindi ayakhekanga (ukuqina). Kule sifo kudla kunye ubuthathaka jikelele, ukudinwa ngokugqithiseleyo yaye uneempawu nonspecific kwanaxa kungekho ngokoma.

Iimpawu idla wabonakalisa usuleleko kakhulu kamva njengoko ixesha hepatitis bafukanywe uvela iintsuku ezili-15 ukuya 150. abantu abosulelekileyo ngaphandle zesifo kukho isoyikiso kwabanye, njengokuba lisebenza inaso intsholongwane kwaye usenokulosulela nabanye ngaphezu iindlela. Iimpawu eziphambili zale sifo zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:

- ukulahlekelwa emnyama;

- oluthile, buthathaka;

- isicaphucaphu, ukugabha;

- isisu;

- ngesiquphe ubunzima kakhulu ilahleko ngaphandle kwesizathu;

- yellowing kwesikhumba, amehlo sclera (ngoko ngokuba isifo senyongo edume);

- utshintsho Umchamo umbala (esintsundu emnyama) kunye isitulo (ilindle ezimhlophe).

Iimpawu kwesibindi ebantwaneni

Ithuba elisuke avareji umntwana hepatitis unokuthatha ukusuka kwiintsuku ezili-15 ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-6. Iimpawu senyongo ebantwaneni kwenzeka ngaphantsi kwama-50% amatyala kwaye ichazwa kakhulu yellowing ulusu nabamhlophe kwamehlo. ixesha Icteric idla ithatha iiveki ezi-3. Ngenxa kwesibindi esibonakala ukudumba kwesibindi, ukunxila iyonke umntwana kwenzeka, nto leyo sikhatshwa isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, urhudo. Ifom zale sifo iqala kancinci, iimpawu kwandisa ngokuthe ngcembe, lo gama kukho uphuhliso ukuphazamiseka dyspeptic kunye astenovegetativnogo syndrome. Iimpawu senyongo ebantwaneni ukuze ikhatshwe nomkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu. ndle olumbhatshileyo, umchamo, ngokuchasene noko, uba umbala emnyama omdaka.

Iimpawu Kuchongwe kunye nonyango sohlobo C bezalana ngokusondeleyo, kususela uxilongo emva kwexesha okanye engekho unyango olufanelekileyo ngo-10-20% yazo zonke iimeko zesifo ifomu senyongo etsolo kuba ezingapheliyo. senyongo esingapheliyo idla nazimpawu kwaye idla zafunyanwa ngexesha ukuhlolwa random umntwana xa ixesha ilahlekile kwesi sifo, kwaye nangoku naye ubomi. Ezi abantwana babe fatigue ukwanda, asthenia, iimpawu extrahepatic (telangiectasia, kapillyarity).

ekuxilongweni

Ngenxa yokuba usulelo etsolo abanesifo idla nazimpawu, isigulo kwangethuba ebaluleke kakhulu kwesi sifo. Xa abadlulayo amathuba ezingapheliyo zosulelo ubhaqo kuncitshiswa sifo kuhlala kungafunyaniswa kwaye nokuphuhlisa iingxaki ezinkulu ezifana kwesibindi okanye umhlaza wesibindi.

Efumanise yentsholongwane emzimbeni kwenzeka ngokumisela amanqanaba antibodies egazini, aze emva koko kuqinisekiswa yi iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukugqiba RNA wentsholongwane. Isixa RNA egazini (isibonisi umthamo wentsholongwane egazini) akukho ngamazinga ngokuqatha sifo, kodwa ingasetyenziswa esweni indlela ukuphathwa kwezinto eziphilayo. Isibindi biopsy lusetyenziswa ukuvavanya ubungakanani sifo ukoyiswa (ukonakala ilungu nezibhaxu kweeseli) wayo, ukubaluleka kwayo kubalulekile ukuba isicwangciso unyango.

Uphethwe luqhutywa ngokwamabakala 2:

- Ukuhlolelwa antibodies senyongo abanentsholongwane ukuba ngaba umntu wosulelwe yintsholongwane;

- nge HIV omzimba kwaye wenziwe ngumntu acid kulingwa nucleic abanesifo RNA, ukuba amisele uhlobo sifo (oyingozi okanye engapheliyo).

Emva koko, kunye Iimvavanyo ezi-positive, ugqirha kufuneka ukuvavanya iqondo umonakalo kwesibindi (abanesigulo okanye ukuqina). Oku kunokwenziwa biopsy okanye ezahlukeneyo uvavanyo non-invasive. Ngaphezu koko, isigulane kufuneka inikezele zelebhu ukujonga kweejini yobunzima sohlobo C. Ubungakanani nomonakalo wesibindi kunye kweejini zisetyenziselwa ukwenza izigqibo kunyango kunye nolawulo lwesifo.

Le genotypes kwesibindi C

Ukuze ukunyanga esi sifo kakuhle, kubalulekile ukuba sichaze oko eka kweejini le ntsholongwane. Genotypes abanesifo yahlulwe iintlobo ezintandathu ezahlukeneyo. Njengomgaqo, izigulane yintsholongwane kunye kweejini omnye kuphela, kodwa elowo kubo ngenene umxube iintsholongwane ezinxulumene ngokusondeleyo ngokuba miqulu eselugcinwe-ntlobo. Kufuneka anento inokuzitshintsha kwaye abanganyangekiyo zonyango yangoku. Lo nto ichaza ubunzima ukunyanga senyongo ezigulo ezondeleyo.

Ezantsi apha kukho uluhlu lwe genotypes ezahlukeneyo kohlobo C:

1. Kweejini 1a.
2. Kweejini 1B.
3. Kweejini 2a, 2b, 2c, 2D.
4. Kweejini 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f.
5. Kweejini 4a, 4b, 4C, 4D, 4e, 4f, 4G, 4h, 4Ndihlala, 4j.
6. Kweejini 5a.
7. Kweejini 6a.

Le genotypes abanesifo zibalulekile oogqirha xa ukukhutshwa iziphakamiso zonyango. Ngokomzekelo, kweejini 1 yeyona nzima ukunyanga, kwaye izigulane abanesifo kweejini 2 no-3 basabela kakuhle kunyango kunye ngokudibanisa alpha-interferon kunye ribavirin. Ngaphezu koko, xa besebenzisa unyango zombini, ixesha abawacebisayo unyango ixhomekeke kwi kweejini.

Unyango Hepatitis C

iimpawu kunye nonyango sohlobo C ezinxulumene ngokusondeleyo, ngokuba uthomalaliso kubandakanya phezu iimpawu zesi sifo. Phambi unyango kufuneka kuqhutywa uviwo ngokucokisekileyo ukwenzela ukumisela ndlela ilungileyo yokuba isigulane kwaye isifo sakhe. Ukongeza, ngenxa kolwazi zokuxilonga ugqirha uyakwazi ukubona oko Hepatitis C yeyona ngokukuko kwimeko nganye. Modern unyango standard of senyongo ludibaniso unyango antiviral with "interferon" yaye "Ribavirin", apho zisebenza kuzo zonke genotypes. Ngelishwa, "Interferon" akukho ngokubanzi amayeza, nto leyo iba nefuthe elibi kwi imeko uninzi izigulane, kwaye eneneni ukuhlanganiswa ribavirin nalo eli chiza lo, mhlawumbi, iyeza ilungileyo kohlobo C ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.

inkqubela Scientific ziye zakhokelela ukuba ukuphuhliswa kwamachiza amatsha antiviral ukusuka senyongo, leyo zinempumelelo ethe kratya, zikhuseleke nokunyamezeleka ngaphezu zikhona. It antivirals nokwenza ngqo (PDP), ezinako ukukulumkisela lula nje kuphela unyango zesi sifo, kodwa ukwandisa ipesenti izigulane vyzdoravlivaemosti. Noko ke, iziyobisi antiviral anemiphumela emibi kwaye zisoloko zibangela ezi zifo kwizigulane:

- ikhanda;

- iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane;

- isicaphucaphu;

- nokudinwa;

- nobuhlungu umzimba;

- ukudana;

- isikhumba irhashalala, negazi.

Ukuba umntwana ukuba une-hepatitis C, unyango kufuneka ezijolise ekuthinteleni Ukutshintsha uhlobo zale sifo ibe esingapheliyo. Therapy kwakhona ngokusisiseko nto inzima kwaye kubandakanya imixube ezifana amalungiselelo interferon of ayifane, reaferon ekwimo parenteral viferona kunye suppositories efakwa. iirejimeni zonyango zikhethiwe ngamnye kumntwana ngamnye.

Ngokuba abantwana ukusuka kwiminyaka 7 kunye lokufikisa linokuba ukwabela indibanisela iziyobisi, "interferon" yaye "Ribavirin". Utyumbe inductors ( "TSikloferon") kunye immunomodulators ( "Taktivin"). Ubude ukunyanga senyongo ebantwaneni kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, ukusuka 24 ukuya kwiiveki 48. Ukuba unesifo hepatitis C, unyango kufuneka ikhatshwe ukutya, ukugcina ukutya okunempilo yokuphila, ukutshaya ukumisa kunye notywala. Kubalulekile ukuba bagcine alale kwaye uphephe ukuthatha amachiza ezingeyomfuneko.

Kukho iindlela zemveli konyango lwe senyongo, kodwa Asebenzisa kubo, qiniseka ukuba udibane nogqirha wakho, ukuze umonakalo emzimbeni, yaye ukuba mandundu sifo.

Uqikelelo kunye neziphumo

Xa izigulane zokuva hepatitis C, indlela onokuphila ngayo, mhlawumbi omnye le mibuzo ibalulekileyo apho ubuze ugqirha. Ngoko nangoko kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba iingqikelelo iya kuxhomekeka ekufumanekeni kwangethuba izifo kunye nokusebenza nothomalaliso emiselweyo. Ixesha ichonge iimpawu kunye nonyango sohlobo C, ukufumana ilungelo - isitshixo empumelelweni. Therapy kulungile imeko jikelele yomguli, inika iziphumo ezincumisayo kwaye kwandisa amathuba yabaneziphumo ezihle. Ngokutsho manani, malunga nama-20% ezigulane abanengculaza hepatitis, waphilisa ngokupheleleyo, ngaba nangona oku akuthethi ukuba akhuselwe ukususela ekusulelekeni elizayo. I-80% ezigulane ukuphuhlisa usuleleko ezingapheliyo (ukubonakala iimpawu iimpawu okanye nazimpawu). Aba bantu bahlala ezosulelayo kwabanye ebomini, njengoko abathwali ntsholongwane.

Xa ugqirha uchonga umguli hepatitis C (iimpawu), unyango kunye neziphumo zesifo - ulwazi emayaziswe kwisigulana ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye ifomu efikelelekayo. Xa umntu ophila ne-hepatitis C ukuba inani leminyaka, uye kudla ukuphuhlisa iingxaki zilandelayo:

- kohlobo;

- ukuqina;

- umhlaza wesibindi.

zokuthintela izifo

Ngelishwa, akukho nto okwangoku akukho lugonyo senyongo. Izigulane abaye hepatitis C, shiya izimvo malunga nokuba yintoni na kungcono ukuthintela isifo kunokuba ukuluphatha. Ngoko ke, ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwezifo kunye nezinye izifo igazi-umna, abantu kufuneka bagcine ezi mfuno zilandelayo:

1. Kuphephe ukwabelana izinto zobuqu ukunxiba nokusebenzisa izinto ezinokuthi zingcoliswe ligazi (umzekelo, iireyiza, kunye nebrashi zokuhlamba amazinyo, njalo njalo).
2. Kuphephe ukugqobhoza indlebe, ukugqojozwa komzimba, unyango lokugqojozwa, imivambo kwiindawo kunye inzalo ethandabuzekayo kunye nokunqongophala yezempilo.
3. Abantu hepatitis C ntsholongwane xa usiya kugqirha wamazinyo, okanye naziphi na ezinye amaziko lwempilo unyanzelekile ukuba wazise ugqirha ukuba bathwele intsholongwane. Ukungaphumeleli ukwenza njalo angafiki iindwendwe ezininzi ukuya kwikliniki yamazinyo.
4. Naziphi na amanxeba okanye abrasions kufuneka ngenyameko ukuphatha izisombululo ntsholongwane, uzaleke phezu ibotshwe manzi.
5. Abantu ngokuba namaqabane amaninzi, sebenzisa iindlela umqobo inzalo, ezifana iikhondom, ukuze anciphise umngcipheko wokosuleleka hepatitis C yintsholongwane kunye nezinye izifo ezosulela ngesondo.
6. Kubalulekile ukuphumeza amanyathelo othintelo ejolise iindlela ekhuselekileyo yokusebenzisa lwezixhobo ngenaliti, iinaliti, ngumvambo kunye nezinye izinto.

Kuyaqondakala ukuba kohlobo C ayihambi ngokusebenzisa qha nje. Ukuxhawula, ukwanga kunye ngokundanga zikhuselekile, apho kunokwenzeka akukho mfuneko yokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo wedwa xa esebenza nezigulane ezosulelekileyo. Abafownelwa, leyo kwandisa ingozi yokosulela, usoloko sikhatshwe ukukhululwa igazi.