Iimpawu ngokubanzi kwezoqoqosho wejografi Afrika. Ngeempawu iindawo zendalo Afrika

Umbuzo iphambili kweli nqaku - yinto uphawu Afrika. Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyazi - Afrika ebangela isihlanu ilizwe ubunzima iplanethi yethu. Oku kubonisa ukuba zwekazi yesibini ngobukhulu, kuphela ezinkulu Asia.

Afrika uphawu kuthi ingqalelo evela kumacala ahlukeneyo, siyazi eli lizwe, imimandla yendalo, iindawo, abantu kunye nezibonelelo zendalo. Afrika kumazwe angaphezu kwama-50, yaye ingakumbi 55. eyamKelekileyo uwahlule ilizwekazi kule mimandla ilandelayo:

• North.
• Tropical.
• EMzantsi Afrika.

Ngoko ke idini iincwadi esikolweni, kodwa ezincwadini zesayensi ibambelela icandelo elifuna ezahlukeneyo:

• North.
• South.
• West.
• East.
• Central.

Kuthiwa, kanti urhwebo ngamakhoboka

Afrika Faka akunakwenzeka ngaphandle wakukhankanya amathanga, kanti urhwebo ngamakhoboka. Mpumalanga, phambi kwethu, eve ubunzima ngakumbi kunayo nayiphi na enye evela kwinkqubo lobukoloniyali. lokubola yayo kuphela ngamahlanu, kwaye thanga yokugqibela kwapheliswa kuphela ngo-1990, oko waba igama Namibia.

Afrika Uphawu kunye namazwe zovavanyo EGP echanileyo, kungenzeka ukuba iindidi zokugweba, kodwa sithatha eziphambili - ubukho okanye ukungabikho kofikelelo kwi elwandle. Ekubeni Afrika - ukuba loo lizwekazi pretty big, ngoko kukho inani elininzi amazwe ezingekho landlocked. ngaphantsi kokuba ziphuhliswe ngoku, emva kokuwa kwenkqubo lobukoloniyali, onke amazwe amazwe azimeleyo. Kodwa ke kukho iimeko, leyo ngqo le fom monarchical of:

• Morocco.
• Lesotho.
• ESwazini.

imithombo yendalo

iimpawu Jikelele eAfrika kwaye inika ucazululo kwezibonelelo zendalo lizwekazi, leyo yena esisityebi kunene. ubutyebi Main Afrika - imithombo yendalo. Yintoni iveliswa kummandla yeli lizwekazi olungathethekiyo:

• Oil.
• Gas.
• Iron ore.
• manganese ore.
• Uranium ore.
• ore zezobhedu.
• Gold.
• Diamonds.
• Phosphorite.

Ngoko ke, yintoni na luphawu jikelele Afrika? Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, impendulo kunzima kakhulu, siyazi ukuba zwekazi zizityebi imithombo yendalo kwaye inani elikhulu amazwe kude elwandle, nto leyo ithintela uphuhliso lwabo. Bubukho kwezimbiwa ngakumbi langutana eMzantsi Afrika, nto atsalwa ioli, igesi yendalo kunye webauxite.

Kwezibonelelo zamanzi ngemfuneko encinane lizwe, njengoko kukho edikeni, ezifana:

• Victoria.
• ETanganyika.
• Nyasa.

iinkuni

Ihlathi e Afrika ibamba ekhulwini ngaphezu kweshumi ummandla lilonke lizwe. Kuyinto yesibini kuphela Latin America naseRashiya. Ngoku la amahlathi ethandwa athathe wabagawula, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni kubesentlango yommandla. Iimpawu kumazwe aseAfrika, oko kukuthi, ukubonelela ngezibonelelo agro-zemozulu, ingabonakali ngokucacileyo, ngenxa yokuba ixesha elininzi nobushushu nokufuma lazo. Ihlathi lugubungela malunga 8.3 yezigidi ezikwere zeekhilomitha. Ngokutsho iqondo kunye nohlobo ulwabiwo ehlathini eAfrika lungahlulwa-hlulwa zibe kwimimandla:

• Northern (efudumeleyo).
• Western (ndawo).
• East (iintaba kunye emvula).
• Southern (sehlathi).

labantu

E-Afrika, sinako ukubala amaqela eentlanga malunga ezimakhulu mahlanu, yeyona nkalo iphambili yabantu belizwekazi. Ezinye zazo ziye likhule laba uhlanga, lo gama abanye zisekho kwinqanaba likazwelonke. Uninzi uthi yelizwekazi ezi ngamazwe, imida ungapheleli phakathi kwabo (musa ukwahlula ubuzwe omnye komnye), yaye oku kukhokhelela ekufuneni zobuzwe.

Ngokuphathelele ukukhula bendalo Afrika enyangweni izinga wokuzalwa, ingakumbi kwamanye amazwe:

• EKenya.
• Benin.
• Uganda.
• ENigeria.
• Tanzania.

Ekubeni phezulu wenzala kunye nokufa, ngoko benamandla kubume ndisemncinane. Ahlala bengaphuhlanga ngokulinganayo, kukho indawo eyintlango ngokupheleleyo (i-Sahara), kodwa ke kukho iindawo apho buzinze abantu ngokubanzi, ezifana eYiputa. Ngokubhekiselele ezidolophini, iye ngokwembali kuphuhliswa ukuze likhula ngesantya encinane kakhulu, ngoku e-Afrika, ekhulwini amabini kuphela isixeko-labantu.

zone

Ekubeni lizwekazi has a ntlango tyaba, kodwa inxalenye enkulu ibekwe phakathi efudumeleyo, ngoko kukho socando ngokukhawuleza. Yintoni uphawu lommandla Afrika? Inyathelo lokuqala ahlulelane wonke kummandla ngaphandle. Okulandelayo iya kunikwa inkcazelo eneenkcukacha yekhasi Afrika. Ngoko ke, ukukhululwa ibhanti:

• Equatorial.
• Subequatorial.
• Tropical.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ke, ukuba omabini amacala amahlathi ethandwa zahluke amahlathi, amathafa, nemihlaba yeenkuni, iintlango, semi-ebharhileyo, amahlathi asabutropikhi khosi variable-ulophu, kodwa indawo yabo ngokunxulumene ukuya ezantsi okanye entla ayikho enye.

mvula ibhanti

Le ndawo enkulu kangangoko, emi indawo i-Gulf of Guinea ukuba ukuxinezeleka eCongo. Le isatifiketi sophawu lweemfanelo - kokuziphatha unyaka-round khona umoya zemvula. Iqondo lobushushu ligcinwa phakathi kwe-24 ne-28 degrees, akukho kutshintshwe onyaka. Umbilo kwenzeka ngokufuthi ngokulinganayo yonke imihla 365. imvula yonyaka ukuya ku-2.5 amawaka eemilimitha ye kwezulu.

Kugqalwa abalinganiswa ngokupheleleyo iindawo zendalo zaseAfrika akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokuchaza ukuba le ndawo kakhulu amahlathi ifumile zemvula. Kwathi ngenxa kwezulu elifanayo mihla le. Emva kwemini kuloo ndawo ubushushu amandla, nto leyo ibe lula Unjengokuphola ngokuhlwa, imvula okanye isiphango.

subequatorial

I ngakumbi siqhubela kude-ikhweyitha, imvula encinane iwela apho. Ukongeza, ibhanti subequatorial ukuba ngokucacileyo lahlulwe amaxesha amabini:

• Zemvula.
• Dry.

Ekubeni imvula asanelanga, oko wabona into enjalo - amahlathi ashinyeneyo ngcembe indawo ezinqabileyo, yaye, bona, uguqulwe Amathafa. Sele ekhankanywe ukuba utshintsha amaxesha amabini, inxalenye enye esilawulwa imvula owakunyusayo khona umoya kwi-ikhweyitha kunye nezinye ngeli xesha kukho imbalela, ngenxa yokuba kukho ilawulwa khona umoya evela ndawo.

ndawo

Izimilo iindawo zendalo Afrika kufuneka ukuba ibandakanye inkcazelo ibhanti emvula. Ukuze oku ngoku uqhubeke. qaphela nje ukuba ibhanti lungohlulwa lube imimandla emibini:

• Ukuya emantla subequatorial.
• EMzantsi Afrika.

A isici esasenza - imozulu owomileyo, imvula ephantsi. Konke oku kunegalelo ukuyilwa ezinkqantosini, Amathafa. umoya Dry uyawongamela apha ngenxa umgama ukusuka elwandle, kunokuba siye nzulu kweli lizwekazi, i shushwana kwaye imbalela umoya emhlabeni.

Le ntlango inkulu kwisibanzi emvula - oko weSahara. Ekubeni umoya iqulethe ezineenkozo ezincinane zentlabathi, kunye emva kwemini ubushushu ngentla izidanga mane, umntu apha ukuze ibe nzima kakhulu. Zonke ke ebusuku iqondo lobushushu ungabeka yi izidanga ubuncinane amabini, okanye baye amanani ezimbi.

efudumeleyo

Imozulu kule nxalenye namaxesha ezahlukeneyo, ihlobo ishushu, kwezulu ebusika. Kodwa kumzantsi-mpuma Afrika, longanyelwe imozulu kufumile esihle, oko kukhuthaza ukusasazwa efanayo kwezulu. Kuyimfuneko ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba efudumeleyo zahlulwe imimandla emibini:

• langasezantsi;
• ngasentla.

Kutheni kukho utshintsho lwemozulu? Summer ilawulwa khona umoya ukusuka ekweleenjiko-eziphefumlelweyo, yaye ebusika - a ezinezinga ngomlinganiselo. Efudumeleyo zihlukile ukuba amahlathi, ndimkhathalela apho afumaneka. Le masimu wabaphakamisa abantu ekulimeni, ngoko ke ifom eyintsusa ezi ezinezinga nzima ukubona.