Iiyantlukwano neemfano phakathi kwiiseli izityalo kunye nezilwanyana

Cell - element elula ulwakhiwo ephilayo, uphawu zombini izilwanyana kunye nezityalo ehlabathini. Kuthetha ntoni nala? Iimfano neeyantlukwano phakathi kwiiseli izityalo kunye nezilwanyana, sibheka ngezantsi.

cell plant

Yonke into asiyibonanga ngaphambili yaye babengazi, kusoloko umdla omkhulu kunene. kaninzi kangakanani na obukhe wawajonga iiseli phantsi ngemicroscope? Mhlawumbi asinguye wonke emehlweni akhe babona. Lo mfanekiso ubonisa iseli izityalo. ingxenye enkulu ye kakhulu kakuhle ebonakalayo. Ngoko ke, lo iseli isityalo iquka inwebu Pore inwebu, kukho icytoplasm, vacuoles, inwebu zenyukliya, nucleus, nucleolus kunye plastids.

Njengoko ubona, ubume ayikho olukhohlisayo futhi. Kwangoko uvule ingqalelo ukufana lwesityalo kunye neeseli isilwanyana ngokunxulumene kwisakhiwo. Apha sibona ubukho vacuoles. Xa plant cells, wuyeke, kwaye isilwanyana nobuninzi entle, wenza umsebenzi ukugaywa intracellular. Kwakhona qaphela ukuba kukho ukufana ebalulekileyo kubume: kwimvulophu, kukho icytoplasm kunye isiqalo. isakhiwo inwebu, bona musa zahluke kakhulu.

zooblast

Kwicandelo lokugqibela, siye waphawula ukufana iiseli zezityalo nezilwanyana ngokuphathelele esi sakhiwo, kodwa bengengabo twatse ngokupheleleyo, ube umahluko. Umzekelo, iseli isilwanyana akukho ludonga iseli. Kwakhona qaphela ubukho organelles: i-mitochondria, reticulum endoplasmic, izixhobo Golgi, lysosomes, ribosomes, iziko iseli. isiqalelo olugunyazisiweyo ke undoqo, olawula zonke imisebenzi zeselula, kuquka nokuzala. Oku koko siye kwakhona sibonile, ucinga ukufana iiseli izityalo kunye nezilwanyana.

ukufana iiseli

Ngaphandle kokuba ezahlukeneyo enye kwenye, sikwathetha iiseli ezifanayo eziphambili ngeendlela ezininzi. Ngoku awukwazi ukuthetha kakuhle nini kwaye njani ubomi emhlabeni. Kodwa ngoku ngoxolo ndawonye izikumkani ezininzi eziphilayo. Nangona zonke ezikhokelela zokuphila ezahlukeneyo, abe isakhiwo ezahlukeneyo, Kakade, kukho ukufana ezininzi. Ithi ukuba zonke izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni eyodwa. Nazi iimpawu eziphambili ezifana:

• isakhiwo iiseli;
• iinkqubo kufana umzimba;
• esephepheni kolwazi;
• umchiza nokwakheka efanayo;
• elifana inkqubo yokwahlula.

Njengoko kubonakala ukusuka kuluhlu olungentla, ukufana iiseli izityalo kunye nezilwanyana ezininzi, nangona iintlobo enjalo zezinto eziphilayo.

Ukungaboni iiseli. itheyibhile

Nangona inani elikhulu lokufanayo, iiseli zezilwanyana nezityalo ezininzi lweeyantlukwano. Ukulungiselela iinjongo fanekisela, le theyibhile ilandelayo:

Umahluko eziphambili ngendlela ngesondlo. Njengoko kubonakala etafileni, kwiseli sityalo imo autotrophic lokondla izilwanyana - heterotrophic. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba yeseli izityalo uqulathe chloroplast, ukuba kuhlelwe izityalo ngokwabo kuyimfuneko ukuze ukhuseleke kwezinto usebenzisa amandla ukukhanya nangefotosinthesisi. Ngendlela ngamandla heterotrophic ndaqonda ukuba angangeni emzimbeni kunye zizinto ukutya kuyimfuneko. Ezi izinto nazo njengomthombo wamandla ukuba izidalwa.

Qaphela ukuba kukho iimeko, umzekelo, flagellates oluhlaza, ezinako ukukulumkisela ukufumana izinto eziyimfuneko ngeendlela ezimbini. Ekubeni inkqubo photosynthesis kufuna amandla elanga, indlela autotrophic yokondla zisetyenziswa ngexesha lasemini. Ebusuku, kuye kunyanzeleke ukuba basebenzise izinto esele zenziwe organic, okt ukondla indlela heterotrophic.