Iindawo etsomo eRussia. Ababhali ezinkulu Russian kunye iimbongi?

indawo boncwadi Russian - le into yokuba lundwendwe ngenxa abayithandayo ezininzi neembongi abadumileyo kunye nababhali. Apho, ukuba apha, yongezwe umoya umsebenzi wabo, uqala ukuqonda inani intanda uncwadi? Ingakumbi, wamazisa ukuba ihlele kwiindawo zoncwadi eRashiya, apho ababhali kunye Iimbongi bachithe esengumntwana nolutsha. Yeyona nelaye lasisiseko ukuyilwa italente zabo, ngombono nesimo sengqondo, njengoko kubonisiwe umsebenzi olandelayo. Ezi, umzekelo, nempahla usapho L. N. Tolstogo, I. S. Turgeneva, N. A. Nekrasova.

Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum

Tsarskoye Selo ingabizwa umthombo ngokwenene italente kwinkulungwane XIX. Kungenxa phantsi iphiko ziko weza A. S. Pushkin, V. K. Kyuhelbeker, I. I. Puschin, uMikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin kunye nezinye abezopolitiko ezininzi kunye namagcisa.

Wasekwa ngu Alexander I ngowe-1811, i-Lyceum wayeza ukulungiselela elite elizayo yoluntu Russian. Kwiminyaka emithandathu yoqeqesho abantu abatsha bafumana imfundo esemagqabini elilinganayo eyunivesithi.

Kakade ke, umfundi edumileyo, ababesazi Tsarskoye Selo, waba A. S. Pushkin. Kwaba apha waqalisa ukubhala imibongo, nokuba ukuxelisa Zhukovsky Batyushkov kunye iimbongi zothando French. Kwathi ngelo xesha iye yaveza apha ngokuphuma le misebenzi elizayo.

Ithuba uqeqesho edibene esinye isiganeko esibalulekileyo kubomi wembongi. Yaba ngeli xesha, eziprintiweyo umsebenzi wakhe encinane kuqala "Ukuze umhlobo yimbongi." Iminyaka abanezidanga zokufunda Yonke ngothando, ngokunyanisekileyo ukhathazeke bayahlelwa kwiziko oyintanda.

Okwangoku, Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum - indawo yangoku apho azibonele endaweni imbongi (walibiza keley), kwakunye njengendawo yokufunda nakuviwo lokugqibela, apho Pushkin wambetha italente ootitshala baziincamisa.

A. S. Pushkin: Mikhailovskoe

Ndingathanda ukunixelela malunga ezimbini kwezinye iindawo ezinxulumene ne ubungqondi Pushkin. Okokuqala - Mikhailovskoye. Le estate yentsapho unina imbongi kaThixo, kusekho lwakhiwe ngu utatomkhulu wakhe ithawula phezu komhlaba Pskov.

Iingcali ze Pushkin, yaye abafundi nje ngubani wayetyelele apha, qaphela ukuba umfanekiso yohlobo imisebenzi emininzi njengoko kuhlawuliswa ngesandla ngobuchule wegcisa kunye kwezi ndawo. Kuba ngqa imbongi yadibana ngobomi kwilali kulinganiswa nangoko emva kokuphela Lyceum, ngo-1817. Pushkin kanye ndisangqengqile ubuhle ihlabathi ledayimenshini, ukubusa apha.

Kamva, ngowe-1824, asekuthinjweni yakhe apha elubhacweni, ngexesha apho yobuciko ezininzi zivela ebuhlanti buchopho. "Boris Godunov", "Arap Petra Enkulu", phantse zonke kwinoveli "Eugene Onegin" ebhalwe ngaloo minyaka.

Kwanasemva kokuba amakhonkco wamthiya Pushkin sibuyele apha ukuze benze, ngenxa yokuba kwi Mikhailovsky kakhulu uziva isipho sakhe enkondlo. estate Last njengeBoniweyo edibene iintlekele - umngcwabo nonina, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva babulawa Kungquzulwano, kunye imbongi ngokwakhe. ingcwaba lakhe naye apha, eSt Michael.

Boldin

Boldin Autumn ... Eli xesha ebomini Pushkin bakhe yabalasela ulangazelelo nanto lokudala, waziva, ukuba Boldino - estate usapho. uhambo lwakhe ngenkani ngaphambi komtshato kunye Natalia Goncharova kwalibaziseka ngenxa yokuguguma sotyatyazo bhubhane eSt Petersburg. Inspired ubomi bentsapho elizayo, imbongi na kwi ephakeme kunazo wempembelelo. Apha egqibile "evgeniya Onegina", wabhala uninzi "Little Ziintlekele", "I Tale umbingeleli kunye Workman Yakhe Balda" yaye "Belkin".

Ezi ndawo etsomo Russia kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo tyelela bonke abantu bayazithanda ubungqondi Pushkin omkhulu.

. M. Yu Lermontov: Pyatigorsk

Kukho iindawo eRashiya, kuhlangene ngobomi nomsebenzi omnye Imbongi ebalaseleyo kwinkulungwane XIX -. M. Yu Lermontova.

Okokuqala kwaye kwephambili neCaucasus iiholide emzini Pyatigorsk. Le ndawo yadlala indima ebalulekileyo ebomini imbongi bakhe. I omaziyo lokuqala kunye Pyatigorsk Lermontov wayengumntwana - oku wamngenisa ekhaya apho umakhulu wakhe ukukhuthaza ezempilo, kuba imbongi elizayo wakhula umntwana egula kakhulu. Caucasus Nature wachukunyiswa gqitha Lermontov. Ukususela ebuntwaneni yena onesiphiwo kwindawo mfanekiso. Ukusuka isandla sakhe kwaphuma ezininzi watercolors ezintle ebonisa ntaba.

Nanamhla oku, ku Pyatigorsk na izitya shushu, apho imbongi ngayo. ngokuqaphela lwakhe ebizwa ngokuba "Inkampani yamanzi 'kuboniswa kweli bali" Nkosazana uMariya ".

I Caucasus kwaye ikwanxulumene inkonzo igosa mfana. Apha Lermontov wafumana ukufa kwakhe. Ngengozi, loo ntlekele kwenzeka Pyatigorsk. Zimisele ukuphelisa inkonzo, ngexesha lokugqibela wathumela eCaucasus, ayiqeshileyo nomalume wakhe indlu encinane. Apha ke emva kwexesha unyango kwelinye icala. July 27, 1841 kukho olubulalayo zokucwangcisa of Lermontov nomhlobo Martynov endala. Apha, kwi Mashuk Mountain, imbongi wangcwatywa, kodwa emva kweenyanga 8 kothuthu bakhe batshintshelwa kwigumbi usapho - kukho nangoku uphumle kunye M. Yu Lermontov.. Russia walahlekelwa enye imbongi enkulu.

Ndingathi ukuba Pyatigorsk ubambe engcwele imemori wembongi. Indawo kokuhlala yakhe yokugqibela, indlu apho kwakukho axabene Martynov, beka zokucwangcisa kunye nokungcwatywa lokuqala Lermontov - iindawo ukuba tyelelo iindwendwe mandatory.

Tarkhany

Museum-Reserve "Tarkhany" - kwenye indawo kuhlangene ku M. Yu Lermontovym.. Kule estate lobuntwana bakhe. Apha ne documentary ngqo oko ukusungulwa ubomi bentsapho ophucukileyo kwinkulungwane XIX. Ukongeza endlwini Manor, vula iindwendwe House steward kunye endlini yabantu. Kwakhona, iindwendwe imbeko kwisikhumbuzo imbongi kwi egumbini usapho, apho, akrwiqilizwe, kunye ndlwana.

Museum-Reserve iye ubomi esebenzayo kakhulu yenkcubeko: rhoqo abaququzelela amakhuphiswano, imithendeleko lunikezelwa imbongi. Lermontov yaba umthendeleko yemveli, ibanjwa apha kwi-veki wokuqala kuJulayi.

Museum N. A. Nekrasova Chudovo

iimbongi abaninzi Russian kunye ababhali baba ziqondwa ngcono, xa uvula ngokwakho ukuba ubomi babo bemihla ngemihla, kwaye nkqu ngcono - iimeko apho ebuntwaneni wadlula. Ngaba Akukho Ngaphandle kulo mba kwaye N. A. Nekrasov. Ukusuka izifundo zesikolo iincwadi eyaziwa kuthi ukuba esweni ubomi abantwana inqaba nzima kakhulu kumiselwa ulwalathiso wembongi.

House Museum N. A. Nekrasova - indawo apho imbongi umphefumlo wobomi isixeko uphumle, ozingela nokufumana yashukumisa imisebenzi emitsha. Oku ibekwe Chudovo kwaye kukho kwisakhiwo esikhulu igama elifanayo Reserve. Kubhaliwe kwathiwa yi "umjikelo Chudovsky" edumileyo, 11 imihobe ezikrelekrele. Njengomgaqo, Nekrasov kubazingeli kwezi ndawo. Apha, kakade imbongi ogula iphela umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu - umbongo "Ngubani Ubomi Well eRashiya".

Okwangoku, indlu-museum i eyayihlala ngokuzingela, leyo, ukongeza emagumbini imbongi kunye nomfazi wakhe, igumbi lokutyela, igumbi sifundo, igumbi leendwendwe. Le yokugqibela, ngasendleleni, kukho eninzi - uncwadi oluninzi ukuza apha lizingela, kunye Nekrasov: Saltykov-Shchedrin kunye Pleshcheev, eSt Michael kunye vekeleke xona. Bokubonisa iindwendwe yokwakha isikolo yezolimo.

House Museum ibamba sesichengeni rhoqo kunye nabantu nayiphi inkqubo ubudala.

Museum F. I. Tyutcheva e Ovstug

Amadlozi House Museum Tiutchev yosapho imbongi ngaphambi kokuba azalwe, phakathi kwenkulungwane XVIII, uyisemkhulu imbongi aqalisa ukwakhiwa welifa, kumhlaba efumene njenge njengekhazi lazo emva komtshato.

uyise imbongi leyo, wafumana lilunge nawe ilifa, uqala ukwandisa indlu. Kungekudala kukho ikhula nandawo inomkhitha umoya classicism endlwini yenkosi yakhe, ezihonjiswe iintsika, kunye iphiko. Elise kunxweme lomlambo, iye siqithi yayo nge gazebo. Beka iba ngumthombo Tiutchev kuphela amandla, kodwa iphefumlelwe nayo. Imbongi, imvumi na uhlobo ukwahluka yayo yonke, uhlikihlo imizobo ukunye kwezi ndawo - ngoko ke bakhumbula umphefumlo wakhe.

Ngelishwa, ilifa sele elahliwe, lwafika lutshabalale, kodwa kukho ngokutsha ngokuthe ngcembe. Ukuba uhambo original kwiindawo Russian zoncwadi ziye engaphelelanga kwizikolo zasemaphandleni, kodwa ngoku ke egubungele iphiko guest, ngokunjalo ibandla. Kwakhona, iindwendwe ungabona recreations selitye kwi gazebo siqithi iindlela lime chic.

Peredelkino

Uhide iindawo laseTsomo eRashiya, kufuneka zikhankanyiwe; nabo ezinxulumene nemisebenzi ababhali benkulungwane XX. Oku ikakhulu Peredelkino. Le ndawo usembindini nemiqolomba zasehlotyeni ngaphesheya elite zoncwadi zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini.

Ingcamango yokwakha lali, nto leyo eya kuba kuphumla, ukuze baphile nokudala ababhali Russian, yaba Mxim Gorky. Yaba nguye lowo ethengiwe-1934, eli isiqwenga somhlaba ukulungiselela ezi njongo. Ngexesha elingephi, izindlu-50 zokuqala kwakhiwa. Phakathi abahlali balo Serafimovich, Kassil, B. Pasternak, I. Ilf, eBhabheli.

Yakha zokuhlala kunye ababhali abaninzi emva kwemfazwe: V. Kataev, Okudzhava, UYevgeny Yevtushenko, uBella Akhmadulina. Apha, ngokuba abantwana wendawo wabhalela amabali wabo omangalisayo Chukovsky.

Kwidolophana isebenza House of Writers, le iimyuziyam ekhoyo ukuze kuphawulwe ekhaya Pasternak, K. Chukovsky, Okudzhava, UYevgeny Yevtushenko. Ababhali abaninzi Iimbongi baye bafumana indawo yabo yokugqibela yokuphumla apha.