Iindawo ezinika umdla emva kwexesha: njani yaye nini yokuqala kamabonwakude

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, abantu bephupha ekoyiseni look imigama emide. Lo mnqweno zivela iintsomi namabali. Kukho amabali amaninzi yezibuko umlingo, Amathafa, kunye nezinye iintsomi iindlela zobugqi kumfanekiso transmission. Kodwa ukwenza oku iphupha ibe yimpumelelo abakwazanga kwakude kudala - nje ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, yaye xa TV yokuqala - kukhangeleke ngathi ngummangaliso. Modern TV sele waqonda njengento self-kuyabonakala, yaye akukho bani ucinga yale qambo yatshintsha ihlabathi.

TV: Indlela konke oko yaqala

Ekuqhubeni uphando lokuqala theory and practical kwisihloko kamabonakude yaqala ngenkulungwane ye-19 emva kwexesha. Ngowe-1880, oosonzululwazi - American E. iSawyer Hall kunye Frenchman Moris Leblan, wanikela umgaqo esisiseko ukusebenza kamabonakude, kodwa kugqitywe wayo injineli waseJamani ogama uPaul Nipkow, owathi kamva elilodwa lomenzi obu bugcisa. imigaqo yalo engundoqo zezi zilandelayo:

isuntswana lomfanekiso ngamnye ukuvavanya ngokukhawuleza nangendlela ecwangciswe kakuhle ngokulandelelana, umgca ngolutya kunye isakhelo yi isakhelo zesini. Le fowuni, Nipkow isihloko idiskhi, kwakhangeleka idiski ejikelezayo enobubanzi-50 cm, abathe bona baba imingxuma abulawe. ukuskena Image lwenziwa yi umqadi ekukhanyeni, yaye ukudluliselwa elandelayo umqondiso lwenziwa kwi sixhobo. Umabonwakude lokuqala kwakhona mayixhotyiswe diski ejikelezayo enezikroba, ezithi zibekwe emva isibane neon, kodwa inkqubo umfanekiso lwaqhutywa ukuze reverse. Nalo mfanekiso nkqubo elula iye lwaluboniswa kwikhusi. Yaba TV yokuqala ehlabathini, ngokusekelwe kuyilo ubucukubhede elele, ngoko ukudluliselwa izinga picture akunakwenzeka. Kulo mba, iiseti kamabonwakude mechanical yathatha ixesha elifutshane kakhulu.

Xa cathode yokuqala kamabonwakude ray-based

Ngowe-1888, ngenxa yamachiza German Genrihu Gertsu, ihlabathi weva isivamvo. Scientist wafumanisa ukuba ukukhanya echaphazela umbane, kodwa akaba nako ukuchaza ngokupheleleyo kwaye aveze uhlobo isenzeko. Kwaye kuphela ngo-1905 ukuba kungenzeka ukwenza Albertu Eynshteynu. Ngowe-1879, isazinzulu IsiNgesi Uilyam Kruks wadala cathode-ray ityhubhu yazivula ndaba - phosphors zikhanya xa sijongana imisebe cathode. Ngaloo ndlela kwaqalisa ixesha iiseti kamabonakude cathode ray, nto leyo iya kuxanda, ekugqibeleni kulo lonke ihlabathi. Ngowe-1936, xa umabonwakude yokuqala bombane, elebhu zophando American waya Scientist RCA Russian Zworykin, ngoko kucingwa umsunguli kamabonakude mihla. Ngowe-1939, RCA wabonisa izixhobo yokuqala kamabonwakude imveliso mass, eyaziwa ngokuba RCS TT-5. Xa yokuqala kamabonwakude, waba ibhokisi elikhulu inzima eyenziwe ngomthi, ndiphethe kuphela 5-intshi screen. Ezinye ixesha malostrochnye (mechanical) inkqubo TV ehlalisana ngekhompyutha, kodwa ekupheleni novalo zenkulungwane yama-20 bafaka ngokupheleleyo izixhobo ze-elektroniki.