Iqonga lerk: inkcazo, ukondla, ukuveliswa

I-steppe lark (jurbai) yintaka encinane engumculi omhle. Kule meko, kwiimeko ezininzi zidwetshwe kwiitoni eziluhlaza. Izinyoni zihanjiswe ngokubanzi, ngokubanzi zihlala ezivulekileyo: iindawo ze-steppes kunye neendwendwe, iintaba ezingenanto kunye neentaba eziphantsi kweenduli kunye neentaba. Akunakuhlala phantsi kwamasebe emithi nemithi. Isiseko sesondlo sabo sisehlotyeni, imbewu enemiqhamo yohlobo lweentlobo zeentlobo zezilwanyana kunye neenambuzane. Ebusika badla imbewu.

Iimpawu zommandla

I-lark ye-steppe yintaka enkulu, ubukhulu benkwenkwezi. Isibalo sikhulu, sithenga. Izambatho "i-lark", kwicala ngalinye le-goiter kukho indawo enkulu emnyama, ngamanye amaxesha avaliwe. Umgangatho weentaka uncinci, umhlophe. Amaphiko ahlukeneyo kunye ne-downgrowth, ngelixa umda ongemuva nomda wokukhanya, ngexesha lokukhutshwa libonakala ngokugqithiseleyo. I-Beak ilula, inzima.

Iyenzeka kwimimandla nakwi-steppes. Ngamanye amaxesha uhlabelela, ehleli ehlathini okanye emhlabathini, kodwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo - ehamba ezinokuphakama kweemitha ezili-10, ngokunyuka ukunyuka phezulu, achaza i-arcs. Ingoma iyingcingo kwaye iyinkimbinkimbi. Kuyo unako ukuva i-sonorous "hrrr", kunye nekhwelo, "ofundisi" acacileyo. Uxelisa amazwi ezinye iintaka: idolophana, ezinye iilrk, i-hemp, i-warbler-badger, ikhwelo le-squirrel, i-herbalist, izandi ezahlukeneyo.

Umbala

I-lark ye-Steppe inombala osisiseko sombala obomvu obomvu. Umqolo wentamo, amahlombe kunye nengxenyana yangaphambili yempuphu ineentsiba kunye ne-nastvolya emnyama kunye nemigodi ekhanyayo.

I-nastvolya emnyama e-nadhvoste ibonakalise kakhulu. Ukugubungela amaphiko amancinci embala omninzi obomvu, omkhulu kunye ophakathi-omnyama obomvu, emncinci, kunye nemigodi eluhlaza. Iingcebiso zesekondari zisekondari, ngokukhanya, malunga namabala amhlophe. Ukugqithisa okumhlophe kakhulu kunye neziseko zangaphakathi ezibomvu; Ngomgca we sibini sesibini kunye nemiphetho emhlophe emhlophe, zonke ezinye - ezinamancinci amancinci amhlophe; Zonke zombini zibini zibomvu, zinemibala enye.

Icala lokungena kwintaka limhlophe. Iingxenye ezisemgangathweni zentloko zi-brown-brown ngombala; Ngaphezulu kwamehlo akhe, kukho i-eyebrow elula. Kwindawo enkulu ebomnyama kumacala omgaqo. Inxalenye ephambili yesifuba kunye ne-goiter kunye nomnyama omnyama, kunye ne-pestrinami eyi-gray. Amacala amaGrey, afana namaphiko, kuphela ekupheleni kwimiba emhlophe. Iris brown ekhanyayo. I-Paws kunye neentomo zibomvu.

Indawo

I-steppe lark, i-herbivorous, iphila, njengoko icacile kwigama, kwiindawo ezivulekileyo ezikhuselekileyo apho kukho isikhokelo esicacileyo esicacileyo.

I-Azerbaijan, i-Azerbaijan, i-Armenia, i-Ayalgeria, iBulgaria, i-Afghanistan, i-Greece, i-Bosnia ne-Herzegovina, i-Egypt, i-Georgia, iJordan, i-Israel, i-Iran, iIraq, iItali, iSpain, iSyprus, i-Kazakhstan, iLebhanon, iKyrgyzstan, iMakedoniya, Libya, Moldova, Morocco, Portugal, Palestine, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Saudi Arabia, Slovenia, Syria, Tunisia, eTajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Croatia, France, Montenegro.

Ukunikezelwa kwamandla

Njengawo onke ama-lark, ehlobo, i- lark isondlo kuphela ngokutya kwezilwanyana. Uyondla, egijima ngokukhawuleza emhlabathini, kwaye aphinde ahlasele yonke into ayifumana eluhlaza nasemhlabeni. Ngamanye amaxesha uyabaleka kwaye ahlolisise iiphakamileyo zazo zonke iintlobo. Inkumba yayo enkulu idla ngokugqithiswa ngodaka. Oku kubangelwa ukuba ikhuphe izilwanyana ezincinci ezisemhlabeni. Ngomlomo, unako ukukhanda iqhwa lekhephu, ngelixa ngaphantsi kwalo likhupha imbewu yeengca.

I-lappe ye-lark i-omnivorous. Udla iinambuzane ezinkulu-i-copras, inkumbi, i-medljaks, njl. Kwizinambuzane ezisele, ezininzi zikhetha izilwanyana ezimnyama, izilwanyana, iinkozo, amaqabunga amaqabunga, iinambuzane, izilwanyana zebhokhwe, kunye nabagibeli, iimpukane, iinyosi, izinyosi, izintuthwane nabanye. Ukongezelela, izicabucabu nazo zizinto eziyintandokazi ezithandayo zeentaka ze-lark. Ukutya kwayo, njengoko sibonayo, kuyahluke kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwamanye, uyadla ama-orthopterans, kuba ukubunjwa kwabo kuhlukeneyo. Ngelo xesha, kuncinci ukutya izimbambulu, i-lamellas, izidlo zamagqabi, iimbumba kunye nezilwanyana.

Ukuzaliswa

Uhambo lwangoku kunye nokuhlabelela ukugqibela ukususela ngoMatshi ukuya phakathi koJulayi. Ngaloo xesha, iimbumba zokuqala zaphawulwa phantsi kweZhdanov Borovikov ekupheleni kukaMatshi. Iintambo zifunyenwe kude kube ngo-Juni.

Njengamanye ama-larks, isidleke sihlela phantsi kweengca zengca emngxeni, i-shadow shading kunye ne-masking. Yakhelwe kumacembe asomileyo amabele kunye neziqu, kunye ne-rootlets ezincinci. Njengesiqhelo, uluhlu lwangaphakathi luquka izinto ezincinci. Ngexesha eliqhelekileyo, lifumaneka kwinqaba lehashe elomileyo. Kwimimoni, kukho amaqanda ama-5, maxa wambi amaqanda ama-6. Amaqabunga anelungelo elimnyama, elinobuhlaza okanye elimhlophe ngombala omnquma okanye obunqabileyo, amabala amanqabileyo ahlanjululwayo ekugqibeleni.

Enye ibhinqa ibandakanya amaqanda iintsuku ezilishumi elinesithandathu. Kulo londlo luhlala malunga neentsuku ezilishumi.

Izilwanyana ezishiya iindleke zazo zihlangene ukusuka kuMeyi ukuya kuJulayi, xa imihlambi ehloniphekileyo ivele ibonakale, isondla kwiintonga, i-steppes, iindlela kunye nokugaya kunye nezinye iilrks. Ekupheleni kwehlobo kukho imfuyo emikhulu yeentaka - ukusuka kubantu abayi-200. Ukuhambela oku kuyaqhubeka kude kube sekwindla. Ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwa ekwindla kwangempela. Imfuyo enokufuduka efanayo iyafumaneka kwizantsi kwoluhlu. Imihlambi ye-Nomadic ekwindla yomsindo omkhulu. Kule meko, ama-larks ayingoma yezulu imnandi kwaye ihamba, njengentwasahlobo, ngengoma.

Ukunyusa

Kwi-larks yabantu abadala, njengabo bonke abanye, ukuxubha kwenzeka kuphela kanye ngonyaka, ngo-Agasti. Ama-Nestlings anesiqwenga esingaphantsi kakhudlwana, esikulo mtshintshintshintshi sithatyathwa yintambo yokuqala, leyo leyo ithathelwa endaweni ekwindla ngowokuqala "omdala", isambatho esinzulu.

Inani le

I-lark ye-Steppe iyinxalenye yeentaka ze-"landscape". Uhlala kumgama weemitha ezilikhulu ukusuka kumbindi, ungabikho ngaphezu kweebini ezimbini kwihektare enye yomhlaba.