Iintlobo kunye neentlobo zonxibelelwano: imizekelo. Unxibelelwano njengendlela uhlobo lonxibelelwano

Unxibelelwano njengendlela uhlobo lonxibelelwano kubandakanya ukutshintshiselana ngolwazi, iimbono, imilinganiselo kunye neemvakalelo. Eli gama liye iingcambu Latin. Nezwi ngokuthi, ingqiqo yonxibelelwano lithetha "jikelele", "ekwabelwana ngabo bonke". Ukutshintshisana ngolwazi ezikhokelela nokuqondana kuyimfuneko ukuze kuphunyezwe le njongo. Thina elandelayo cinga awohluke zonxibelelwano entlanganweni.

iimpawu ngokubanzi

Ngengqiqo ebanzi, ingqiqo unxibelelwano enxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwezi nguqulelo, impembelelo imisebenzi ukufikelela kwimpumelelo yenkampani. Ngengqiqo emxinwa, injongo yaso - ukuphumeza ulwazi oluchanileyo umkhosi lizwe wathumela kuye umyalezo. Iindlela kweefom zonxibelelwano zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Bebonke bakha inkqubo kunokuba kwaye multi-sixhobo sekhombuya.

ngezigaba yonxibelelwano

Kuliwa ngokwemimiselo ezahlukeneyo. iintlobo zonxibelelwano azakubalulwa nokwakheka-nxaxheba. Ngoko ke kungaba ubunzima, iqela kunye nabanye abantu. iintlobo zonxibelelwano kuxhomekeke ukukhululwa:

1. Indlela lokusungula nokugcina contact. Ngokwale njengenqobo is (ngqo) unxibelelwano ngqo (ngoko nangoko) nezobekelo kude.
2. nxaxheba Initiative. Ngenxa yesi sizathu ukwahlula intsebenziswano eyimpumelelo esebenzayo.
3. The degree of Umbutho ulwazi lonaniso. Le bemfuno kwenza kube lula ukwabela unxibelelwano nemibutho kunye nomntu ongathandani naye.
4. Sayina iinkqubo ezisetyenziswayo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu ekwanti intsebenziswano non-ngomlomo ngomlomo.

Ukongeza, kukho iintlobo zonxibelelwano. Intsebenziswano lungaluhlobo neengxoxo, uthethathethwano, izaziso, iintlanganiso, iintlanganiso, iingxoxo, ishishini imbalelwano, ulwamkelo ngemibuzo zobuqu, le nkomfa cofa, umnxeba, intshumayelo njalo njalo.

exchange okusebenzisana ngolwazi

Imeko ye unxibelelwano oluyimpumelelo olu hlobo kukudala nxaxheba zibalelwa Inyaniso ukuba indlela nga ha endleka konke konke. Le ndawo kubhekiselwa kuyo abaphandi ukutshintsha nomba zezivumelwano. Tholo yayizezona zinto ze zonxibelelwano kunye nemida yentsebenzo zabo kumiselwa abantu. Njengoko abo ezingundoqo iimpawu ezisebenzayo, inkuthazo kunye nasengqondweni. Yokugqibela kuquka iimpawu ezahlukahlukeneyo, nto leyo luqokelelane yi ungubani ihlabathi engaphakathi ngexesha yokugcina ngayo ngamava kwengqondo. Oku, ingakumbi, ulwazi kweekhowudi ngokunxibelelana, ukuzeyisa ulwazi, ukuzeyisa ngokuqaphela, izakhono metacommunicative, ukukwazi ukuhlola ngokwaneleyo ithuba iqabane. Ukuze ezi mpawu kufuneka ibhekisela ubandlululo kanye iintsomi, iinkolelo kunye iingcinga.

parameter inkuthazo kumiselwa iimfuno zabantu ngabanye. Ukuba akunjalo, ngoko, oko, akukho ngxoxo okanye langoku psevdokommunikatsiya. Icandelo esebenza kuquka iimpawu ezintathu. Zimisela kwisakhono umntu. Ezi iimpawu ulwazi bobuqili izixhobo zonxibelelwano ngomlomo nangezenzo, ukukwazi ukwakha intetho ngokungqinelana nemithetho imithetho yokuziphatha kunye nekhowudi.

iqela intsebenziswano

Oku kuvela kule khosi yonxibelelwano ngqo kukho inani elincinane lezifundo abayaziyo enye kakuhle nganye kwaye rhoqo benikana ulwazi. Umda esezantsi lonxibelelwano loo idla ngokuba dyad okanye triad. Eyokuqala ibandakanya intsebenziswano phakathi kwabo bobabini, kwaye eyesibini - abantu abathathu. Nelona qondo liphezulu liya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo qela. Zonke iintlobo zonxibelelwano kwiqela ngaphandle ulwazi, kunye nokuzalisekisa ezinye imisebenzi. Ngokomzekelo, xa intsebenziswano imvume kuyilwa enikiweyo inyathelo emanyeneyo, uqala inkcubeko.

inethiwekhi

Xa iqela elincinane, kukho iindidi ulwazi lwasasazwa kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano. Iiplastiki esembindini okanye amagunya. Kwimeko yokuqala, isihloko ukuhamba kuzo ulwazi olubalulekileyo ukuze qela. networks ezingundoqo zihlukaniswe:

1. Front. Phantsi nkqubo, abathathi musa kungena ukudibana, kodwa ngaphakathi phambi kwabanye.
2. Ziqu. Kule nkqubo, ulwazi ayihambi ngokusebenzisa amalungu esembindini zesifundo qela.
3. Oluneqela elinegunya. Ezi zithinteli ziquka amanqanaba ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu-nxaxheba ngaphantsi.

Xa networks zokwabela abaphantsi amagunya, amalungu eqela bayalingana. ngamnye othatha inxaxheba ungafumana, inkqubo kunye nokudlulisela ulwazi nokunxibelelana ngqo kunye namanye amaziko. Loo inkqubo banokuba ngohlobo:

1. Chain. Njengenxalenye yale ngcaciso isakhiwo asasazwa ngokulandelelana ukusuka nxaxheba ukuba uthatha inxaxheba.
2. Circle. Phantsi kwale nkqubo, onke amalungu eqela amathuba afanayo. Ulwazi Kanjalo kujikeleza ngonaphakade phakathi kwamaqela, ukuhlaziywa, zongezwe.

Inkqubo eyaba kunaniselwano data kunokuba ngokupheleleyo. Kulo mzekelo, imiqobo ezamahala ukusebenzisana ebengekho.

Okukodwa

Ukukhethwa kwalo okanye enye inethiwekhi iya kuxhomekeka uhlobo lonxibelelwano, iinjongo exchange data. Kwiinkqubo ezingundoqo, kucetyiswa ukuba ukudlulisela ulwazi xa ulwazi kufuneka kwaziswa bonke abantu kufuneka ukuba bamanyane nxaxheba sombutho ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lobunkokeli. Okwangoku, kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba i-sikhokelo kothungelwano esembindini kuba nzima ngakumbi ukuphunyezwa imisebenzi yoyilo kunye umngeni. Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwezi nkqubo kunganciphisa amaziko saneliseke inxaxheba kwiqela. Ukusombulula creative kunye nemingeni e practice, uthungelwano amagunya zisetyenziswa. Baya nazo ngenxa yokwanda ukwaneliseka nxaxheba, uphuhliso kobudlelwane nabanye.

Kwabelwane ngolwazi entlanganweni

Inkqubo lufundiswa inkampani kwahlulwa ibe isicwangciso (formal) nokusasazwa kolwazi kunye sesikweni (non-ezicwangciselwe) data. Kwimeko yokuqala iifom eqhelekileyo (shapes). Unxibelelwano kulo mzekelo kuya kuthatha ixesha kangako. Ukusetyenziswa kweefom eqhelekileyo kwezinye eziluncedo somamkeli ngamnye ulwazi. Ngokukodwa, isihloko ungacacisa udidi yolwazi kuyimfuneko naye emsebenzini wakhe. Njengoko abaphumeleli engundoqo le fom lonxibelelwano okhonza kukunqongophala bhetyebhetye.

intsebenziswano informal

Ngokufuthi, inkcazelo ngamajelo ngqo usasazwa ugqithiselwa ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu. network Unxibelelwano olungekho sesikweni ukwabizwa ngokuba amajelo rumor andise. Ngelo xesha linye ukuzithemba nxaxheba kwi intsebenziswano imithombo sesikweni zidla ngaphezu esemthethweni.

Fields of exchange data

neenkqubo zonxibelelwano lungahlulwa-hlulwa ibe kwiindawo ezimbini eziphambili: bangaphakathi kunye nabangaphandle. Eyokuqala ibandakanya intsebenziswano phakathi kwishishini. unxibelelwano lwangaphandle isakhiwo inkqubo yonxibelelwano kunye namaziko ngaphandle. Kwaye ngaloo, kwaye komnye ummandla lowo ungenziwa kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonxibelelwano.

Isalathiso sokuqukuqela ulwazi

Ngenxa yesi sizathu i-sonxibelelwano yahlulwe nkqo nkqo. Yangaphambili, nayo, iquka iinkcukacha emantla nasekuh-. Kwimeko yokugqibela, ukuhamba ulwazi iye yasuswa ukusuka komnye umgangatho ukuya komnye, ngaphantsi. Umzekelo ingaba intsebenziswano kunye yintloko abangaphantsi. Tari_pedigree ulwazi transmission indlela isetyenziselwa ukubonelela ingxelo kubasebenzi kunye nomqashi. zindlela kunxibelelwano zisetyenziswa ukunyenyisa imisebenzi ukuze abasebenzi abaphantsi, ukwazisa abaphathi ngeziphumo kunye neengxaki ezizizo. ulwalathiso oxwesileyo ibandakanya impefumlelwano nxaxheba akudidi ngokulinganayo kunye namaqela elinganayo.

Ukutshintshiselana okukhulu ngolwazi

It ikhutshwa phandle iindlela zobugcisa. Ulwazi kule inshorensi saa kwaye inani elikhulu abaphulaphuli. zonxibelelwano Mass zisingathwa njenge:

1. ukubaluleka Social kolwazi.
2. Ukuba nokwenzeka yokuzikhethela multi-channel yonxibelelwano.

Abathathi-nxaxheba lwale ntsebenziswano asingabo abantu amaqumrhu nemibutho. Umzekelo, kusenokuba umkhosi, nabantu, urhulumente. Ukubaluleka kwezentlalo exchange nkcazelo ngokweemfuno ezithile kunye wokulindelwe luluntu.

Ngayo ubunzima, ingakumbi kule mihla siphila kuyo, ebonakala multipathing. Ngokukodwa, isicelo,, audio-visual, kwathiwa, iifomu ekuva ezibonwayo ngomlomo zonxibelelwano. data Sender upha kwiziko loluntu okanye isifundo mythologized. Benza njengoko abamkeli kumaqela achongiweyo ukuba kuhlanganiswa kwi eziliqela iimpawu ezibalulekileyo eluntwini.

umsebenzi intsebenziswano mass

Ukwabela imisebenzi zonxibelelwano ilandelayo:

1. Ulwazi. Olu phawu kukubonelela abaphulaphuli abaninzi, i-data umbukeli, umfundi-umhla kwi imingxilo ngemingxilo umsebenzi.
2. Regulatory. zokunxibelelana nabantu abaninzi unefuthe ukuyilwa ezingqondweni ngabanye kunye namaqela, izimvo zoluntu, ukwakhiwa ukuba kuyiyo. It ikuvumela ukulawula ukuziphatha lwentlalo. ngokuqhelekileyo Abantu leyo iimfuneko zenqobo, imigangatho, imigaqo zikhuthazwa kumajelo njenge nemvukelo esihle isimbo isinxibo, indlela yokuphila, unxibelelwano njalo njalo. Oku kwimeko yabantu elihle kwezentlalo, ngokungqinelana nezo nemigangatho, nto leyo okokoko nekhethwa kuqala kwi Ngokwakaloku nje zembali.
3. umbono yenkcubeko. Olu phawu luquka familiarizing uluntu kunye impumelelo zobugcisa nenkcubeko. Ukhuthaza ezingqondweni imfuneko ukuqhubeka amaxabiso kunye nokulondolozwa izithethe.

QMS

In zokunxibelelana nabantu abaninzi usebenzisa izixhobo ezizodwa ze kunye zidlulisele, apho ulwazi esizigubungeleyo intsimi enkulu. Inkqubo yanamhlanje iquka iiyunithi eziliqela. Ngokukodwa, i-QMS iquka eendaba, ulwazi ngobuxhakaxhaka beekhompyutha kunye zonxibelelwano. Eyokuqala ibandakanya eendaba, imijelo ezimanyelwayo (unomathotholo, teletext njalo njalo.), Iinkonzo Ulwazi. Media ibandakanya nitrogen yentsimbi, ukuzala, ekopa, ukugcinwa data, kwakunye abasisigxina, ukusasazwa lwenkqubo ininzi kakhulu umculo, ngamazwi iinkcukacha, yokomfuziselo.