Imigaqo consoles "ziidemon" yaye "hayi." consoles Upelo "ngaphandle kweintanethi" yaye "umtyholi"

Upelo izimaphambili ki (engenasiphelo), ngenxa (esetyenziswa) yenzelwe (ukuhanjiswa), libya (nis-) vz- (vs-), o- (pha) kuwo (cheres-) kuza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku. Kukholelwa ukuba kunye oonobumba 'c' yaye 'z' sibe izipelingi ezahlukeneyo morpheme efanayo. Enyanisweni, ezifana "NGABA 'yaye' baphume 'anentsingiselo efanayo; intshukumo ngaphandle. Ngoko ke, console mnye, nje ezimbini ezahlukeneyo.

Umthetho oqhelekileyo lokubhala "h 'kwaye' c 'kwi izimaphambili

Xa ubhala 'h' kwaye 'c' apho ulawulo ngokubanzi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: "h" kubhalwe kwi ekupheleni morpheme umdla kuthi, ukuba console elandelayo okanye ingcambu luqala avakalisa ngezandi okanye ngesikhamiso; kwaye 'c' - ngaphambi lwamaqabane qegu. Le fomyula yindlela elula ngentloko ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ubiza kuzo ekhalayo, abangevayo zizwe. Nangona eli gama nto ayilunganga ngokwenzululwazi ukusebenzisa igama elithi kancinane, kulula ukukhumbula, kwaye ukwenza kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Lo mgaqo kuthetha, ingakumbi, upelo lwezimaphambili "ngaphandle kweintanethi" yaye "umtyholi". Lo mthetho usebenza kubo bonke ezidweliswe ekuqaleni kweli nqaku morpheme.

Khumbula oko consonants bazizithulu, yaye yintoni - sonorous

Pronunciation consonants ngenxa Ukwahluka kwi data kwiibhokisi iseti-top. [C] phambi kokuba amaqabane qegu zomlomo nezibhaliweyo "kunye", kwaye [h] - ngaphambi ucingo, kwakunye izikhamiso, kwaye yabhalwa "z". Ekupheleni ibhokisi iseti-phezulu okanye ozvonchaetsya audio Emangalisiwe baphenjelelwa lwezikhamiso okanye consonants angabamelwane.

Awukwazi ukusebenzisa igama le mithetho izimaphambili (engenalo kwaye infinite), ukuba awuyazi into ngeencwadi consonants oluvakalisa, yaye yintoni - abangevayo. Abaninzi bakholelwa, umzekelo, ukuba "q" libhekisela isandi yaveza. Kwaye nje kwenzeka. Yena ngokwenene izandi ezinye consonants qegu kancinane ngakumbi, kodwa bakhetha ukuvala iindlebe zabo. amaqabane oluvakalisa - yi "p", "n", "m", "l", "d", "h", "g", "d", "g", "a", "b". Deaf - "w", "h", "i", "x", "s", "sh"; "t", "ukuba" f "," n ".

Imizekelo yokusetyenziswa imithetho jikelele

Imizekelo zibangelwa zilandelayo. "Obuzolileyo" lipelwa nge "z", njengokuba le ncwadi phambi kokuba noonone. "Useless" - nge "c", njengoko ukwimo phambi abangevayo. "Ukuphikelela" - "h" ibhalwe njengoko phambi ifowuni. "Caphula" - "indawo" phambi abangevayo. "Phina" - into efanayo. "Sasaza" - "h" kwi indawo phambi intsimbi. "Kuqa" - into efanayo.

Khumbula la mazwi ngokubhala ezidla iimpazamo: phina, Ekse, oyingqwangangqwili, nabomi, isimo sengqondo, Outlook, ngokunyebeleza, ispodnizu, equmbile, ukuba unyamalale, kakhulu.

Kutheni yaye xa kukho lo mthetho?

Oku jikelele lwenzeka umgaqo yokubhala phonetic. Ngokwefonetiki umgaqo upelo kufuna, ngokungqinelana ne yokubiza. Kakade ke, yena phantsi hlamusela upelo lwamagama athile kunye neefom, elasekwa ngokuzenzekelayo, xa ngokuthanda, xa kungekho imithetho eqhelekileyo.

Ngokuba lixesha imithetho izimaphambili upelo yokuqala "nguMtyholi," yaye "hayi", "uhlanga" kwaye "ixesha" kunye nabanye. Ngaba mawuqulunqwe 1755 kwi "igrama Russian" uMikhail Lomonosov.

Noko ke, uMikhail, umsebenzi wakhe, wabhala wathi: "Ndicinga", okt shiya inkululeko yokuzikhethela isithethi lweenkobe. Ewe, kwaye akusoloko ngqo lo mgaqo. Ngoko ke, ngokuqhelekileyo ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 kubekho ingcebiso. Zidlala abantu ezibhaliweyo ngaphandle nayiphi na imithetho, "ngokuqgibeleleyo" laviwa. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kwabakho isiko ngokwayo amatyala amnqande ukubhala 'c', yaye kwiimeko ukhathazeke - "h".

Ukusebenzisa i console nge "h 'kwaye' c 'ngenkulungwane ye-19

Philologists ngenkulungwane ye-19 kunye nophuhliso imithetho yokuqala upelo savelisa isithintelo ilandelayo: "Izongezo chrez- ki ezibhaliweyo usoloko esebenzisa" h "," chrezpolosny, "" ibingenakubalwa "," Bezpieczne "Abanye (ukwabiwa, o-, ngenxa phakathi kwabanye. ) 's "ivenkile ngaphambili' kunye 'yaye wavakalisa consonants, kwaye kufuneka libhalwe phambi qegu' s ':" razskaz "," ku Rhula' ukuzibamba "," kukhala "," kuza ". Njengoko ubona, kuye kube nzima kakhulu ukuba ukukhumbula nini kwaye consoles kufuneka zisetyenziswe "z". kwafuneka ukuba babhale eyohlukileyo weva. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kule ngobuwena nto ayizange ihlale ixesha elide. Kwenzeka ngo-1918, le yotshintsho zayo zolwimi kakhulu lula Russian.

uguquko Lunacharsky

Kuba phantse nekhulu leminyaka asinto mpikiswano eqhubekayo malunga ukubhala isimaphambili fezeka (engenasiphelo), lo mzuzu xa Lunacharsky ngo-1921 kulwimi Russian ukwazisa isimaphambili "yidemon kakubi." Kwagqitywa ukuba ubhale kuyo ngokwaloo mgaqo phonetic (ubiza kuzo ekhalayo, usithulu ukuya abazizithulu). omnye kuphela inguqulo (yo) wabakho ngaphambi inguquko. Ezinye ibhokisi iseti-top, ophela ngaphakathi 's "kunye" z ", ukuba kwiimeko ezininzi, ngexesha kuthathwa ukubhala ndlela owoyamaniswe kuyo namhlanje.

Impikiswano kukuba isimaphambili engenasiphelo ungqamene isibizo "umtyholi." Abachasi kuphuculo bakholelwa ukuba intshayelelo yayo sele yokuba ulwimi Russian Iidemon inene, uya kutshabalalisa kobuOthodoki bonke abantu Russian. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukutshintsha upelo lwezimaphambili "ngaphandle kweintanethi" yaye "umtyholi". Lo mgaqo, Noko ke, sele phantse leminyaka.

Kwakhona zatshintsha ngeli utshintsho, anjengokubhala elinye ibhokisi iseti-top - akuyo (cheres-). Kwakukho enye inguqulelo kuphela ukuba uhlaziyo Lunacharsky (photo kokuba kuboniswe ngezantsi), yaye igama "nathi" Abantu belo xesha kuchazwa ngokuthi "ngokugqithiseleyo".

Imbali ukusetyenziswa isimaphambili umbo- (engenasiphelo)

Kuba ukwazi Russian ngayo ekuqaleni zasemzini ukuba iinketho ezimbini kukho isimaphambili umbo- nangokungenasiphelo. Umthetho kukuba budibane zonke enye entle ngokukhawuleza. Isizathu kukuba eRashiya, leyo ngexesha ngokuqaliswa ukulungiswa "abangafundanga" ayikho eziqhelekileyo ukuze uninzi zabemi belibhala imithetho. Abantu kodwa akunanto yakwenza kodwa ukwamkela nje yaye bafunde imithetho iibhokisi iseti-top engenasiphelo ki, kuwo kwaye cheres- kunye nabanye. Noko ke, abaninzi kule minyaka izayo, wayekholelwa ukuba lo uphuculo yaqaliswa ngokukhethekileyo kuzigwagwisa dumisa ububi amandla, oko kukuthi, uMtyholi lo. Kodwa ilizwi lobulumko endala ukuba ukubiza igama lakhe ngokuvakalayo, kungenjalo uya kuza kuwe. Xa abantu, ukuba ahlale ngobulumko yile ubulumko. Yena waba kwinqanaba abazi, inku- umkhwa, isantya sokuthetha.

Infinite nxamnye lume

Mhlawumbi zinzima kakhulu isimaphambili isimaphambili engenalo kwaye engapheli ngolwimi Russian. Ngokuqhelekileyo luquka kabini ukusetyenziswa kwayo, nto leyo etshintsha kakhulu intsingiselo yamanye amagama. Baya ngokwenene kwabonakala ukuba aqale badumise ongcolileyo, xa siqwalasela ezi zinto zilandelayo cognates ezifana dvukorennye: "namfesane," "ngokuzincama" "sisidenge," "bokungabi nazintloni", "obulihlazo", "engento".

Ezinye abameli besizukulwana nangaphezulu ngononophelo ukusebenzisa isimaphambili ukuba Ukuveliswa ongapheliyo. Elalini kuqhubeka ukuthetha abazukulwana namhlanje makhulu: ". Ingaba iwrongo ukubiza kulowo ingakhalanga ishwangusha kwentloko yakhe"

Abanye bakholelwa impembelelo la mazwi ukuba liyaphela imigaqo yokuziphatha, iziseko zokomoya ukudlulisela yi kwizinyanya. Amagama kunye isimaphambili ukwenza intsingiselo engaqondanga ezimbi mda umphefumlo, befunda yaye kumGaqo-isigama. Naxa intsingiselo yokuqala ukuba ayibonwanga, basaqhubeka idluliselwe abaphulaphuli ifuthe lazo. Kubonakala nomxokelelwane nokukhula nempembelelo embi, bamthiyele bonke abantu. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba omnye unobangela zobundlobongela kwiingcamba ezahlukeneyo zabemi kanye isimaphambili engenalo kwaye akupheli. Umthetho kufuneka itshintshwe ukuze yesibini khetho unyamalele, bayakholwa.

ILizwi-shifters

wabonakala kwisichazi-magama ebizwa ngokuba 'ilizwi-turncoats "Ngenxa yokuqaliswa ezi meko zimbini sinomdla consoles morphology lolwimi Russian na. Oko kukuthi, omnye ezibhaliweyo, beva ngaxeshanye omnye, uyalwa iqondwe njengoko wesithathu.

Umzekelo olothusayo apho umgaqo iyaphunyezwa ukubhala isimaphambili umbo- (engenasiphelo), waba igama elithi "free-abantliziyo", nto leyo kwakuthetha upelo ulwimi Old IsiRashiya akukho intliziyo, umntu ukhohlakele. Bonke ngaphakathi intsingiselo leyo echanekileyo - impendulo ecacileyo nokumkhanyela enika zidlala. Kwaye kwinguqulelo yanamhlanje ukubhala eli gama iye yaba "egabadeleyo", oko kukuthi, ukuba usathana ngentliziyo, elungileyo nobubele.

Xa ulwimi lwethu, kukho shifters ezininzi ezinomdla, ukuba isiganeko kumiselwa upelo lwezimaphambili ki (engenasiphelo) (ikhona ngokubanzi namhlanje). Iingcali ngeelwimi bakholelwa ukuba oku nje ukudlala ngamagama, ngengozi. Noko ke, abanye abemi beli yethu oyikholelwayo ukuba eli nyathelo acwangcisiweyo ukuze yalutshitshisa abantu nxamnye omnye komnye. Bakwazi ukubona le mifanekiso antsonkothileyo eyavelayo xa kukho iindlela ezimbini, ekungoku nje isimaphambili: ki nangokungenasiphelo. Rule yokubhala iye yakhokelela ekubeni kukho amazwi anjalo.

"Engenamandla" - apha endaweni lwesemantiki abakhokelayo kwinqanaba-ngaphandle yabantu ienjini urhulumente kakhulu yidemon.

"Useless" - inzame ukuba eme kuye ayikho inzuzo.

"Niyazi" - ngokubuyisela i leta mnye, senze amazwi anamandla kuthetha iqhawe, xa ubiza ukuboyika boMtyholi.

"Zenyuka" - sihlala ngaphandle kwenjongo akasweli mbeko, kodwa yena - kwaye abazahluleleyo, nangokunyaniseka.

Ingcamango indoda eyaba ezinjalo ngenxa ekutshintshweni omnye unobumba isiqalo, uba ebukekayo kakhulu. Makubulelwe kuphela ukuba kukho ulawulo yokubhala isimaphambili yo mihla (engenasiphelo) ngolwimi Russian. Le ndoda ngaphandle injongo ebomini, akasweli mbeko, kungekho tarhu kwaye ngaphandle endleleni. Ke umtyholi - okuqinileyo, indlela ngokunyaniseka, leyo kweli umhlaba kwaye ziya kulawula phezu kwabantu. Ngoko ke kubalulekile, isandi sonorous "h" baphelelwe ngamandla kunye nabantu phambi kwe 'c' sound buthathaka, njengokuba abanye babantu bakuthi.

Nembambano leyo idla ukubhala isimaphambili fezeka (engenasiphelo) ngolwimi Russian

Umthetho kusekho kwamathandabuzo. Babambelela kule mithombo pre-revolution. Xa dictionary yeminyanya (umfanekiso wakhe eboniswe ngezantsi), umzekelo, sifumana umahluko ocacileyo phakathi imithetho iibhokisi iseti-top engenasiphelo ki yemveli indawo Slavic ngayo.

Noko ke, kuphela ngamaxwebhu izakulungiswa Lunacharskii mazwi onke izichazi zenkulungwane lokugqibela. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba Ikakhulu utshintshe ixabiso iseti kubo, ukwenza ukungaqondi kunye nokudideka ngolwimi Russian. Ibhukuqwe isimaphambili ukubhala ki, abalweli lweenkobe Slavic zonakaliswa umfanekiso Rusich - eyomeleleyo, nobuqaqawuli. Ngoko ke, enoba oko enyanisweni, ngoku kahle. Imithetho consoles engenasiphelo ki nangoku ayenziwanga irhoxisiwe, ngoko ke kufuneka ulandele, nokuba siyathanda okanye hayi. Imbambano kuyaqhubeka unanamhla. Ngelo xesha, kwizikolo bafunda imithetho upelo mihla, kuquka umxholo othi "Isiqalo engenalo kwaye engapheli ngolwimi Russian." UMthetho (Class 5 okokuqala ndaqhelana naye) kufuneka ukuba ilandelwe ukuze ubhale ngobuchule.