Imimandla of Africa: karhulumente kunye nesixeko

Ngaphakathi Black Ilizwekazi kubekwe amazwe 60, kuquka urhulumente currency kunye self-zishunyayelwe. imimandla Afrika kwahluka enye kwenye ngokweempawu ezininzi: nenkcubeko, ezoqoqosho, ukubalwa, njalo njalo zonke kumi Bangaphi kubo phezu nemisinga ..? Yeyiphi amazwe wona?

Iimpawu makrorayonirovaniya kwizwekazi: imimandla Afrika

ilizwe ngalinye Afrika wahlukile kwaye eyahlukileyo. Noko ke, ezinye iimpawu ezifana phakathi kwezi States (zendalo, nezembali, zentlalo noqoqosho) kuvumela zejografi uwahlule kwilizwekazi ezindaweni eziliqela enkulu. Zizonke ezintlanu, ngokutsho yokuhlela standard UN.

Yonke imimandla Afrika zidweliswe apha ngezantsi:

• North;
• Central okanye emvula;
• South;
• West;
• East Afrika.

Nganye kwezi-mimandla macro ligubungela inani amazwe inxalenye efanelekileyo kweli lizwekazi. Ngoko ke, inkokeli kwenani ithi na ummandla West. Yaye abaninzi kubo liyi ufikelelo elwandle. Kodwa North noMzantsi Afrika kwimimandla inkulu indawo nezwe.

Uninzi empumalanga eli lizwe kwiminyaka yakutshanje abonisa ukwanda okubonakalayo GDP nganye capita yabemi. Ngenxa yoko, umbindi Afrika ukuba bagxininise ububanzi balo nezisweli kwaye umva ngokubhekiselele kwezoqoqosho nakwisayensi imeko planethi.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ayizizo zonke ukuthatha kwiskimu socando ekhoyo ecetywayo yi weZizwe eziManyeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, abanye abaphandi kunye nabakhenkethi yakhupha kule ngingqi njengoko South-East Afrika. Oku kuquka ezingama-ezine ithi: Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique kunye neZimbabwe.

Okulandelayo siza kujonga ngakumbi uchaze yonke imimandla Afrika, ebonisa amazwe zabo ezinkulu nezixeko.

North Afrika

Ummandla lugubungela ithi amathandathu lobunganga kwaye enye inxalenye ziziwe: Tunisia, Sudan, Morocco, Libya, Western Sahara (Sadr), Egypt kunye Algeria. North Afrika, ukongeza, ikwaquka imimandla eliqela phesheya yelo eSpeyini, Portugal. Amazwe kule ngingqi iindawo ezinkulu kakhulu.

Phantse zonke States Intshona Afrika ube kwindawo ebanzi eya kuLwandle lweMeditera. Le nyaniso wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwabo, elibhekisela a amaqhina kwezoqoqosho abasenyongweni kahle Europe. Uninzi sabemi ngingqi buzinze komcu emxinwa unxweme kwiMeditera, ngokunjalo, njengasentilini umNayile. ULwandle Olubomvu uhlamba lwaseYurophu uthi ezimbini kummandla sithetha malunga Sudan neYiputa. Ngomhla imephu North Afrika, la mazwe kweso sikhundla empumalanga kakhulu.

Avareji ngamnye capita GDP kwingingqi ayikho phezulu. Noko ke, ngokutsho IMF iingqikelelo, ziya kwandisa kuphela kufutshane elizayo. Eli lizwe elihluphekileyo macro-kwiingingqi i Sudan, kwaye eyona ucebile - neoli-ukuvelisa ithi, Libya, Tunisia kunye Algeria.

North Afrika yahluka ngokwaneleyo kuphuhliswa (ngemilinganiselo Afrika) kwezolimo. Apha kukhula iziqhamo citrus, amakhiwane, yeminquma kunye umoba. Le ndawo idumile phakathi abahambi. Amazwe afana eYiputa, Tunisia kunye Morocco, ityelelwa ngonyaka zizigidi zabakhenkethi ezivela ehlabathini lonke.

imizi emikhulu: Casablanca, Tunis, Tripoli, Cairo, Alexandria.

Algeria nakwiYiputa kwimephu of Africa: Interesting Facts

Egypt - imeko, apho kukho enye lempucuko ezindala ehlabathini. Eli lizwe of iiphiramidi twisisaka, ubutyebi, kunye namabali. Yeyona phambili epheleleyo lonke Dark belizwekazi kuphuhliso lwecandelo zokuzonwabisa-tourism. Egypt ngonyaka watyelelwa akukho ngabakhenkethi ngaphantsi kwezigidi ezili-10.

Asinguye wonke umntu uyazi ukuba eli lizwe yenye yezona kwezoqoqosho kule nezwe. Apha eli zemigodi nokulungiswa ioli, igesi, intsimbi kunye manganese ore, igolide, ngamalahle, njalo-njalo. D. In kwicandelo mveliso isebenza ngempumelelo amashishini imichiza, isamente kunye namalaphu.

Akukho karhulumente kangako umdla e North Afrika Algeria. Eli lizwe likhulu kunawo kubungakanani lizwekazi. Exakayo, le ngesiqu wafumana kuphela ngo-2011, emva kokuba kwawa Sudan. Ukongeza kule ngxelo, Algeria kunye nezinye izinto ezinomdla. Ngokomzekelo, ngaba uyazi ukuba:

• malunga ne-80% yommandla kuhlala ezinkqantosini of Algeria;
• enye amachibi kweli lizwe emangalisayo ezaliswe inki lenene;
• kwilizwe kukho asixhenxe iziza UNESCO Heritage World;
• Algeria Akukho "McDonald kaThixo" kunye ibandla Orthodox;
• utywala kuthengiswa kuphela kwiivenkile ezikhethekileyo.

Ukongeza, Algeria kuchaphazela abahambi ukwahluka-mhlaba yayo yendalo. Apha uyakwazi ukubona zonke: kwiintaba kunye namahlathi ashinyeneyo, kunye iintlango ashushu, kunye ichibi cool.

West Africa

Lo mmandla Afrika usebenza njengoko inkokeli epheleleyo inani elipheleleyo geqe. Kukho 16 kubo apha: Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Benin, Ghana, Gambia, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Cape Verde, Côte d'Ivoire, Senegal, Sierra Leone kunye Togo.

Uninzi amazwe akwingingqi - ngamazwe ngokwaneleyo kunye GDP eliphantsi. Ezinye ngaphandle kolu ludwe kubizwa ngokuba Nigeria. Iintelekelelo IMF kuba sifunda ukungaphatheki: izalathisi-GDP ngomntu ngamnye kwixesha elizayo akuyi kukhula.

Phantse i-60% yabemi West Afrika basebenza kwezolimo. Nantsi i enkulu yemveliso isikali ekoko yangumgubo, amaplanga, ioli yesundu. Ishishini lemveliso yenziwe kakuhle kuphela eNigeria.

Iingxaki eziphambili zale ngingqi kufuneka iquke oku kulandelayo:

• uphuhliso ezibuthathaka grid zothutho;
• ubuhlwempu mba;
• inani elikhulu ungquzulwano zolwimi kunye ezidume.

Imizi inkulu kummandla: Dakar, Freetown, Abidjan, Accra, Lagos, Abuja, Bamako.

Saharan Sub-Afrika

Afrika Sub-Sahara - amazwe asibhozo kwahluka kakhulu ngobukhulu (Chad, Cameroon, Gabon, Central African Republic, Republic of Congo, DR Congo, Equatorial Guinea, yaye isiqithi imo Sao Tome kunye Principe). Eli lizwe elihluphekileyo kummandla lowo Democratic Republic of the Congo nge-GDP ephantsi kakhulu $ 330 ngomntu.

I-macro-Uqoqosho esilawulwa ezolimo kunye nezimbiwa, amazwe eseleyo ilifa ukususela kumaxesha lobukoloniyali. Apha yegolide, ayibe, ubhedu, i-oyile kunye nedayimani. Economy of Central Afrika kwaye ihlala ekrwada.

Ubukho ingxaki ebalulekileyo kummandla amabala ashushu yaye ngamaxesha ungquzulwano zomkhosi.

Imizi inkulu kummandla: Douala, N'djamena, Libreville, Kinshasa, Bangui.

East Africa

Ummandla lugubungela amazwe alishumi ezizimeleyo (Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, eli lizwe kunye negama entle eRwanda kunye elisandul 'ukusekwa South Sudan), kwakunye ezinye iimanyano karhulumente currency kunye nakwimimandla zixhomekeke.

East Africa - ngummandla ngokwentelekelelo abaselula, uqoqosho ngasemva kunye ubukho kwezolimo monocultural. Kwamanye amazwe, a SANDF eliqhuba (Somalia), ivamile nempixano exhobileyo (zombini ngaphakathi naphakathi kumazwe angabamelwane). Kwamanye amazwe, kahle-phambili kushishino babakhenkethi. Ngokukodwa, eKenya okanye abakhenkethi Uganda beze ukutyelela iipaki zesizwe asekuhlaleni kwaye ufumanise zasendle uhlobo Afrika.

Imizi inkulu kummandla: Juba, Addis Ababa, Mogadishu, Nairobi, Kampala.

South Africa

Last macro-kwimimandla yelizwekazi nakumazwe 10: Angola, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, eMzantsi Afrika, kwakunye enclaves ezimbini (Lesotho kunye neSwaziland). Kuba le ndawo nazo rhoqo nezaziwa Madagascar kunye Seychelles.

amazwe Southern African kwahluka enye kwenye ngokubhekiselele kuphuhliso GDP amanani. Urhulumente kakhulu eyenziwe ngokwemiqathango lwezoqoqosho, le ngingqi eMzantsi Afrika. South Africa - lilizwe umdla, nto leyo eye isixeko nje ezintathu ombaxa.

Kahle-iphuhlise ukhenketho kwamanye amazwe kummandla (kakhulu eMzantsi Afrika, eBotswana kunye Seychelles). Swaziland lutsale abahambi ezininzi inkcubeko kakuhle liyalondolozwa kunye namasiko alo bala.

Imizi inkulu kummandla: Luanda, Lusaka, Windhoek, Maputo, Undlunkulu welizwe, Thekwini, Kapa, Bhayi.

isiphelo

Onke amazwe aseAfrika yokuqala, umdla kakhulu kwaye kaninzi yahluke gqitha ukusuka komnye. Noko ke, zokuma bakwazi ukuya kwiqela ngokuvisisana, imiqathango zembali zentlalo noqoqosho kunye nenkcubeko, siphakamise macro-kwimimandla ezintlanu: North, West, Central, East ne-South Afrika.