Imisebenzi egudileyo ijwabu kwezihlunu. Smooth ijwabu imisipha: isakhiwo

Ilaphu - iseti isakhiwo iseli efanayo, leyo babelane iimpawu ezifanayo. Phantse zonke izinto multicellular iqanjwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo izicwili.

ngezigaba

Lwanyana nabantu zikhona emzimbeni zilandelayo iintlobo zeethishu:

• epithelial;
• thazeke;
• kuhlangana;
• kwezihlunu.

La maqela ezidibanise izifundo iintlobo eziliqela. Ngoko ke, lo kwizicwili ngamanqatha, intlala, ithambo. Kwakhona iquka igazi kunye nkovu. inyama Epithelial kukho i-umaleko ube mnye kunye multi-umaleko, ngokuxhomekeke isakhiwo iiseli nazo bodwa tyaba, cubic, epithelium zezindlu, njalo njalo. D. luvo uhlobo olunye kuphela. Uhlobo esiqwini izihlunu kuya kuxoxwa ngazo nzulu ngakumbi kweli nqaku.

Iintlobo esiqwini kwezihlunu

Xa umzimba zonke izilwanyana cell iintlobo ezintathu:

• umsipha ziindlela ezigudileyo;
• striated imisipha;
• inyama kwezihlunu intliziyo.

Imisebenzi smooth esiqwini izihlunu zahlukile kwezo striated kunye nentliziyo, ngoko yena kunye nesakhiwo. Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha isakhiwo uhlobo ngalunye kwezihlunu.

iimpawu ngokubanzi esiqwini kwezihlunu

Ekubeni bonke zintathu uhlobo olufanayo, kuba ezininzi esifana ngazo.

iiseli esibizwa myocytes, okanye imicu. Kuxhomekeka iindidi izicwili, ukuze babe isakhiwo eyahlukileyo.

Izihlunu zomzimba, iifoto apho ingabonwa ngezantsi, uye phantse akukho nto intercellular.

Enye inkalo oluqhelekileyo zonke iintlobo izihlunu kukuba kungancitshiswa, kunjalo, kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo, le nkqubo lwenzeka ngamnye.

iimpawu myocytes

Iiseli smooth lolwabo kwezihlunu, efana striated kunye igazi babe side. Ukongeza, ukuba babe organelles ezikhethekileyo ebizwa myofibrils, okanye myofilaments. Bona zineproteni contractile (actin, myosin). Iyimfuneko ukuze kuqinisekiswe intshukumo izihlunu. A ukusebenza kwezihlunu efunekayo, ngaphandle ebusweni iiprothini contractile, naye phambi ion icalcium izisele. Ngoko ke, ukusetyenziswa ayoneli okanye ngokugqithisileyo yokutya ezinomthamo eliphezulu lwesi sakhi kunokubangela ukungasebenzi imisipha - zombini ulalisa striated.

Ukongeza, iiseli langoku protein ethile - myoglobin. Kuyimfuneko ukunxibelelana ioksijini, eqweba.

Ngokuphathelele organelles, ngaphandle phambi ezikhethekileyo myofibrillar yesiqulatho inyama imisipha ukuba inani elikhulu mitochondria esiseleni - dvumembrannyh organelles elijongene nokuphefumla zeselula. Akumangalisi oku, njengoko ifayibha kwezihlunu ukunciphisa isixa esikhulu eneji kufuneka bavelise ngexesha nokuphefumla in mitochondria.

Kwezinye myocytes nazo khona core ngaphezu kwesinye. Oku uphawu cells izihlunu striated ezinokuba umphakathi malunga mabini, yaye ngamanye amaxesha eli nani ifikelela ukuya nekhulu. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba ifayibha zihlunu striated amiliswe iiseli ezininzi, ngoko angena kwenye.

Ubume umsipha striated

Olu hlobo laphu kuthiwa izihlunu skeletal. Imicu olu hlobo ubude izihlunu, eqokelelwe ube zizithungu. Ezi seli ukuze iisentimitha ezininzi elide (ukuya ku 10-12). Bona ziqulathe nuclei ezininzi, mitochondria kunye myofibrils. Iyunithi basic noshowo myofibril ngamnye kwithishyu striated - sarcomere. Siqulathe protini contractile.

Eyona iphambili yale imisipha kukuba ungalawuleka ngabom, ngokuchaseneyo egudileyo kunye inhliziyo.

Imicu yemeko ziqhotyoshelwe amathambo nge imisipha. Kungenxa yoko le kuthiwa izihlunu skeletal kunye.

Ubume smooth ijwabu kwezihlunu

umsipha Smooth olunga- amanye amalungu lwangaphakathi njengoko amathumbu, isibeleko, isinyi, kunye imithambo yegazi. Ukongeza, zakha sphincters kunye nemisipha.

Smooth ifayibha kwemisipha ayikho logama nje striated. Kodwa ke ubukhulu balo mkhulu ngakumbi kwimeko izihlunu skeletal. Iiseli smooth izihlunu zomzimba kufuneka veretonopodobnoy ifomu kunokuba filamentary njengoko myocytes striated.

Izakhiwo obesechivayut egudileyo imisipha, ebizwa protofibrils. Mu kuya kwa nshita myofibrils, banalo isakhiwo elula. Kodwa umbandela ke zakhiwa kuwo - iiproteni efanayo contractile actin kunye myosin.

Mitochondria kwi myocytes kwezihlunu egudileyo kwakhona ngaphantsi ngakumbi kwiiseli ze striated kunye inhliziyo. Ukongeza, ukuba ziqulathe ngumongo enye kuphela.

Iimpawu ze imisipha yenhliziyo

Abanye abaphandi bakuchaza nje zenyathi striated ijwabu kwezihlunu. ngokwenene ifayibha yabo okuninzi ngokufanayo. iiseli intliziyo - cardiomyocytes - ziqulathe umphakathi ezininzi, kukho inani elikhulu myofibrils kunye mitochondria. Le ilaphu, kwakunye umsipha skeletal, uyakwazi licuthwe kakhulu ngokomelela ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu esihlunwini kakuhle.

Noko ke, lo msebenzi osemqoka engundoqo lolwahlulo imisipha intliziyo ukusuka striated, kukuba lithe ilawulwe ngabom. Ukunciphisa ukuba yenzeka ngokuzenzekela kuphela, njengoko kunjalo izihlunu agudileyo.

Njengenxalenye yale esiqwini intliziyo, ukongeza iiseli ezithile nayo langoku cardiomyocytes secretory. Bona azinamgaqo myofibrils kwaye lincitshiswe. Ezi seli atriopeptina otvesayut wemveliso hormone, nto leyo ibalulekileyo lokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nolawulo umthamo wegazi.

Umsebenzi kwemisipha striated

msebenzi zazo eziphambili - ukususa umzimba esithubeni. Kwakhona intshukumo yamalungu omzimba xa kuthelekiswa namanye.

Phakathi kwezinye imisebenzi izihlunu striated ukuze kuphawulwe ukugcina amanzi babesima yokothula kunye neetyuwa. Ngaphezu koko, baye kukhonza indima yokhuselo, ingakumbi ngokuphathelele kwizihlunu zesisu ukuthintela umonakalo kuloo maziko zangaphakathi.

Imisebenzi nazo phakathi ukulawulwa iqondo lobushushu musculature striated, njengokuba kwenzeka yokuzivelela ubushushu kakhulu kunye ucutheko esebenzayo dystrophy. Yiloo nto xa izihlunu peremerzanii ziqala ukuba yangcangcazela engathandi.

Imisebenzi smooth ijwabu kwezihlunu

Musculature yale hlobo lenza umsebenzi ngobungxamo. Ihlala yokuba kwizihlunu agudileyo emathunjini tyhala isitulo kwindawo kubulawe yabo ivela emzimbeni. Kwakhona, le ndima wabonakalaliswa ekuzalweni, xa umsipha kakuhle isibeleko tyhala iziqhamo umzimba.

Imisebenzi smooth esiqwini izihlunu azikho kangako. Kwakhona yinxalenye ebalulekileyo sphincter yabo. Ngelaphu le hlobo akhiwa kwezihlunu ekhethekileyo setyhula ukuze occlude nevulelekileyo. Sphincters zikhona womchamo, ethunjini, phakathi esiswini kunye kuvuleke iminxunya, inyongo isinyi, xa umfundi.

Enye indima ebalulekileyo zihlunu egudileyo - lokusekwa apparatus ligamentous. Kuyimfuneko ukuba zigcine indawo oluchanekileyo izibilini. Ngokuthotywa ithoni ezi izihlunu prolapse kwezinye amalungu zinokwenzeka.

Kule umsebenzi ekupheleni kwezihlunu egudileyo.

Injongo umsipha

Apha, isimiso, akukho nto eyodwa ukutsho. The main kwaye kuphela umsebenzi kule zomzimba - ngokubonelela igazi kwegazi emzimbeni.

Isiphelo: Umahluko phakathi kweentlobo ezintathu esiqwini kwezihlunu

Kuba ukudizwa umbandela esisibeka itafile:

Nantso zonke iimpawu ezisisiseko striated, anencasa ezesifuba ijwabu kwezihlunu. Ngoku wena uqhelene kunye nemisebenzi yabo, isakhiwo, yaye umahluko ezingundoqo ezifana ngazo.