Imisebenzi Lermontov kaThixo. Lermontov Mihail Yurevich: ubuchule

. M. Yu Lermontov - sakudala odumileyo Russian ukuba ngomnye kwiimbongi ankrelekrele zezona ngcali zinetalente, ababhali neprowuzi, ababhali bemidlalo, kwiindawo zothando. Yonke imisebenzi yobugcisa ngokulula of Lermontov ombambazelayo ngendlela engaqhelekanga, isongwe kakuhle kwaye ziqondeka umfundi. umsebenzi wakhe wokubhala kakhulu kunene umoya onjalo ubukhulu yehlabathi D. G. Bayron kunye A. S. Pushkin.

yokuzalwa

Ifani Lermontov enemvelaphi yayo ukusuka inzalelwane Scotland, George Lermontov, abo bakhonza uKumkani ePoland, ngelo singqingiwe njalo ke White Russian kwikhompyutha. Waye wajoyina i-nabaphumi-mkhosi eMoscow. Yaye ekubeni 1613 ukuba abhaliswe inkonzo yoMlawuli ka-Russia, kunye nenkonzo wafumana imimandla umhlaba ethembekileyo Galichsky County (Kostroma).

Ifani Learmonth kwaye wayenxibe imbongi odumileyo yaseScotland kwinkulungwane XIII - UThomas. Kwakhona Ifani Lerma ibe nkosana Spanish. Ngoko khangela ngokunxulumene ookhokho-iScots, kodwa inkoliso zonke ezenzelwa kuyo ovusa ubudlelwane kunye Duke Spanish - umlungiseleli uKumkani uPhilip III. Lermontov kukho nkqu umjikelo 'iSpanish' kubugcisa entle, kuba kwakhona igcisa obalaseleyo.

Ngelo xesha wokuzalwa imbongi Lermontov wazalwa ehlwempuzeke kakhulu. Uyise kaYuri Petrovich wamiswa kunye ephendulayo handsome kunye ngentliziyo entle, kodwa kakhulu onephuku-kwaye ngamanye amaxesha wokuthatha kakhulu. estate lakhe Kropotovka e Efremov kwisiphaluka erhangqwe kunye negama S. A. Arsenevoy (nee Stolypin). Intombi yakhe - Maria M. zothando - akwazi ukunceda kodwa kuwa uthando nale ummelwane ebukekayo yaye, nakuba unina wakhe, ukutshata naye. Kodwa ulonwabo zakuleli siphila ixesha elifutshane, ndidinwe yi isifo sephepha kunye breakdowns luvo ngenxa infidelities rhoqo indoda yakhe, yena wafa entwasahlobo ka-1817.

Mihaila Lermontova ebuntwaneni

E Moscow, Oktobha 3, 1814 wazalwa uMikhail Lermontov. Esengumntwana, ukuba bayagula, ndingatyhilekanga, inkwenkwe luvo. Uphethwe diathesis, scrofula, nemasisi. Kangangexesha elide I wavaleleka kulala ngenxa yamathambo, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ugobile imilenze. Emva kokufa yokuqala unina Lermontov washiya ezingacacanga kuphela, kodwa sabathanda kakhulu kwimifanekiso intliziyo yakhe. UMakhulu Elizabeth Arsenyev wathabatha kukuwaxhalela onke yasekhaya okhuliswe bakhe bonke ubomi bakhe onyamekela kuye. Kodwa ke, unyana-nje akwazi kuma moya. KaYuri Petrovich ngenxa bubutshaba kunye unina kwanyanzeleka ukuba ushiye ilifa lakhe ashiye unyana wakhe. Noko ke, nangoku uphose kumaxesha amaninzi kunina ngenjongo ukuchola ku ngokwayo uMikayeli, kodwa zonke lilize. Inkwenkwe wabona intiyo, kwaba nzima kakhulu alinakuwanyamezela onke kuyo. Yena rhoqo ubunzima kwaye ayeke phakathi uninakhulu noyise. Kule drama Menschen und Leidenschaften Lermontov kubonakala onke amava kulo mba. Ke bafudukela kwilifa kamakhulu wakhe ebizwa Tarkhany (Penza kwiphondo). Kukho into beziphantse ukumka, nabo bonke abantwana imbongi yakhe.

Youth esakhula

Ngowe-1828, Lermontov waqalisa ukufunda esikolweni boarding kwiYunivesithi Moscow. Kamva waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe kwisebe lemfundo yeziko efanayo. Kodwa ekugqibeleni wanyanzelwa ukuba ayinike ngenxa axabene a oonjingalwazi enkulu mva. career yakhe bakhohlwa. Noninakhulu wam wandikhuthaza ukuba umzukulwana wakhe wangena amagosa isigunyaziso unogada yesikolo kunye kabini mahashe. Lermontov Young na siphefumlelwe kakhulu umsebenzi emkhosini, kodwa ngaxeshanye, ephupha le uqulukubhode ezinkulu eyenza ookhokho bakhe, nangona entliziyweni yakhe babesazi ukuba engcono ukwenzeka, Ulindele ukuba imfazwe eCaucasus.

Ngowe-1834 waphumelela esikolweni aye kukhonza sezigodlo e Nizhny Novgorod Hussars. Umsebenzi wokuqala, esavela print ngo-1835, ngaphandle ulwazi lwakhe, lo mbongo "Haji Abrek".

Amakhonkco kwi eCaucasus

imisebenzi Lermontov bakaThixo ngokufuthi lesiprofeto. Ngowe-1837 wayitshabalalisa A. S. Pushkinu kumbongo wakhe sibi "Ukufa a Imbongi", nto leyo ithi kuba ukufa onke amandla-kwinqanaba eliphezulu eRashiya, ekhokelwa Tsar Nicholas I. Emva koko wathunyelwa ekuthinjweni eCaucasus. Emva konyaka wabuyela eSt Petersburg, kodwa ngenxa zokucwangcisa kunye engumFrentshi Ernest de Barant waphinda wathumela eCaucasus kwi webutho, elihamba. Edabini, wabonisa isibindi nenkalipho ngaphambili, kodwa ke ukumkani akukho umvuzo akazange wathi. Lermontov wada waphazanyiswa iholide eSt Petersburg yaye wayalela iintsuku ezimbini ukuba bemke kweso sixeko.

Ekubuyeleni webutho, Lermontov e Pyatigorsk wayeka ukuba ndiphilise kancinane, kodwa ukuba apho ingxabano ezitenxileyo ngenxa ukuhlekwa wakhe, wavele phezu Natalia Solomonovna - udade Martynov, endifunda naye esikolweni wamajoni, ukusuka apho akazange ngokwenene nangawo. Wacinga ukuba Lermontov wayethandana naye, yaye isimo sakhe uMariya kwi "uHero Ixesha yethu," yena wayichaza kuye. July 15, 1841 wathabatha indawo Kungquzulwano. M. Her Yu. Lermontov wabulawa ngoko nangoko N. S. Martynovym. Bullet waya ngasekunene ngaye entliziyweni yakhe.

Kuba oku lonke ixesha elifutshane elabelwe nguThixo, wadala imisebenzi enjalo adumileyo Lermontov, owaba yobuciko iincwadi Russian ngokwenene. Esi "Ingoma i-Merchant Kalashnikov" yaye "abo basandula kuqalisa" yaye "yiDemon", kwakunye inani elikhulu zemibongo ombambazelayo, idrama "ukubonakala" kwaye inoveli ongafiyo "uHero Ixesha Wethu".

"Ashik Kerib"

umsebenzi Lermontov kaThixo "Ashik Kerib" wadalwa ukuze tale yothando Oriental ngothando. Oku kusekelwe lemfundo ukuqhubekekiswa Azerbaijani intsomi, weva imbongi elubhacweni eCaucasus. intombi yendoda umrhwebi osisityebi Magul-Mageri - umsebenzi olungileyo eqaqambileyo uthando amaqhawe amabini amahlwempu Ashik Kerib nomthandi wakhe lo. Ashik Kerib liya kwenza konke ukuze ube sisityebi aze atshate intanda yakhe. Kodwa zilumke kunye nobuhlakani Magul-Mageri uya kuma bucala kwaye amncede inkohliso yabo ababhinqileyo. Ngenxa yoko, bonke baya kuvuya kunye. Le tale mhle umfundi omnye akukho kuyekwa zingabanjwanga.

"Hero Ixesha Wethu"

I inoveli "A uHero Ixesha yethu" Lermontov wabhala eneminyaka eyi-25, ngonyaka phambi kokufa kwakhe kabuhlungu. Le noveli yenziwe ngohlobo kweenoveli ngamnye, amabali amafutshane, izincoko zokuhamba kunye kwidayari. Kuba umbhali ngokwesityhilelo enkulu umfanekiso umlinganiswa ophambili. Xa inoveli, Zinokuxutywa izahluko, inyaniso yembali ayikho kakhulu. Umsebenzi nzima kukuba kuyo amabali etha umbalisi ezintathu: ohambahambayo igosa, Maksim Maksimych, yaye ekugqibeleni, umlinganiswa ophambili - UGrigory Pechorin. Image Pechorin kuyo yonke imveliso edizwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kunye namazwi ulikheswa, omaziyo kunye nomhlobo hero ngokwakhe. Umfundi kuya lokumba psychology of Pechorin. Okokuqala kuya kubakho phezulu, ngoko ke kuphela iinkcukacha uhlalutyo zinzulu kunye anze. "Hero of Ixesha yethu" Lermontov lwapapashwa okokuqala ngo-1840 endlwini zokupapasha St. Petersburg phantsi kolwalathiso Ili Glazunova.

"Sail"

Nangona ubhalo nzima holova, Lermontov - yothando nokuthantamisa intliziyo kunye umdali enkulu. yahlala ezingqondweni phantse yonke imisebenzi Lermontov. "Sail" - omnye wemisebenzi yakhe enkulu, waphuma ilifa elizayo. Wabhala igubha umphefumlo wakhe, nto leyo imi ekudibaneni phambi kokuba izigqibo sibi, kwaye ngelo xesha a imbongi oselula, kubonakala ukuba silungele nantoni na. Wayeneminyaka eli-17 kuphela ubudala. Wayemele abe Decembrist okanye mbuso, kodwa isiphelo sele wazilungisela indima enye.

itheyibhile Brief ngokulandelana Lermontov

imisebenzi yabantwana Lermontov

Umxholo ubuntwana kubonakala kwinani imisebenzi kunye bekusoloko iqabane umsebenzi wakhe. imibongo yabantwana wembongi edumileyo gentle ngokungaqhelekanga kunye lyrical. Bazele ezinye ububele eyodwa ifudumale. Abantwana imisebenzi Lermontov ziquka umbongo zobungangamela ezifana "umntwana", "lullaby Cossack", "Baby yokuzalwa cute" kunye nabanye.

Kunzima ukufumana ubomi Lermontov, kodwa kuyo yonke le nto, ebuntwaneni bakhe nabo bonke bakhe 'yegolide sentwasahlobo "wayesoloko ingqalelo lelona xesha esihle ebomini.

Yonke imisebenzi Lermontov ngokwemiqathango uncwadi ezikhethekileyo kunye ezizodwa. Ngoko ke, bathi cwaka umdla nayiphi kwisizukulwana abafundi.