Immanuel Kant - ngukhokho bulumko German zakudala

Immanuel Kant - sobulumko German, ngomgwebo leyo wayenempebelelo umsebenzi Plato kunye eBerkeley, Wolf and likaSextus Empiricus, Spinoza kunye Leibniz. Isazinzulu elizayo waphumelela kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, "Friedrichs-Collegium", waza waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe kwiYunivesithi Königsberg, Noko ke, ukufumana isidanga ayenzekanga ukuba kulungile. Immanuel Kant, ogama engobomi iquka iziganeko ezininzi ezinzima, kwanyanzeleka ukuba kumiswe izifundo zakhe ngenxa yokufa kayise aze aqalise ukusebenza. Kuphela ngo-1755-nzulu oselula wakwazi ukuzikhusela ithisisi zobugqirha bakhe, baza ilungelo ukusebenza njengomfundisi eyunivesithi.

Izigaba: Kwixesha "subcritical" Immanuel Kant isesikhundleni eziphathekayo lwenzululwazi, ugxininise iingxaki ubucukubhede kunye ngokuma, geography ngokwasemzimbeni kunye kwamathambo. Kweli nqanaba, oosonzululwazi nokuphuhlisa iingxaki ezibangelwe kwengcinga yentanda wangaphambili. Ngoko ke, wabeka phambili Cingela entsha kwinkqubo solar, siqala ingqiqo nabaqala nebula igesi bafunda kwaye bahlola indima yabo. Le Isazinzulu wacinga ngemvelaphi yendalo yabantu ngaphandle yokungenelela kukaThixo waza wafuna ukwenza uhlelo izilwanyana ngohlobo lwazo.

Ithuba 'amanqam "ye sobulumko Immanuel Kant awaqhubana ngayo iingxaki obunzulu, bagxile kwinkqubo yokufunda, ebonisa phezu iingxaki jikelele bulumko kwaye nobuntu yokuba abantu , nokwazi, ukuziphatha kunye ubuhle, nomthetho kunye norhulumente. Le Isazinzulu afikelele kwizigqibo malunga nokwenzeka ulwazi priori ngohlobo yenzululwazi ithiyori nemathematika, sinikela priori uhlobo ngamnye imifanekiso inkanuko. Ngeli xesha ebomini bakhe, Immanuel Kant, kwintanda-bulumko apho ukutshintsha ngokupheleleyo, kuya kusiba akaziwa, bemkhanyela ithuba ulwazi ezintweni.

Sobulumko uyaqonda ukuba ukuxelwa ngokupheleleyo amagama "indalo", "umphefumlo" nelithi "Thixo" akunakwenzeka, yaye akukho mntu uya kuba nako ukunxulumanisa la magama ngendlela ethile yenyama. A ulwazi isifundo bangacela wakhiwe yi-lokuqonda koluntu ukususela imifanekiso inkanuko usebenzisa iintlobo priori engqiqo. Scientist eqhuba umgca entle phakathi ubukrelekrele kunye nesizathu, yaye liyahambisana ingcinga yohlobo dialectical lokuqala. Ngenxa yoko, ngokoluvo sobulumko kaThixo, ingqondo yomntu ziya basenokufundiswa izinto ezingangqinelaniyo ithande ukuba ukusombulula umbuzo kwehlabathi engenasiphelo okanye anesiphelo, ukuntsonkotha okanye elula.

Obunzulu: Immanuel Kant bazitshitshisela indlela yezomthetho engqongqo nendlela yokufunda, esebenzisa endaweni indlela eya bulumko ebalulekileyo, eyona nto ithethwa apho ukuhlola amathuba engqondweni yokwazi. Umphengululi phambili ithisisi ukuba ulwazi "olunyulu" luqala ngamava, olusekelwe phezu a priori umsebenzi lokuqonda. Amandla ingqondo yomntu, njengoko Kant wacinga, akukho mda, yaye ngokufuthi ezinxulumene iimfundiso ukuba iSADC, sesa ekugwetyelweni. Kwaye ulwazi olukhulayo lwelizwe ngaphandle ayisoloko ibonisa yinyani, kodwa benziwa phantsi kwempembelelo imifanekiso ngokoluvo kunye nge Eyokuqiqa.

imfundiso: indawo ebalulekileyo imisebenzi kant athathe izimvo zakhe malunga kaThixo kunye nebandla, kwaye asiyonto hlabathi lidaliweyo ngaphandle koncedo oluvela kuThixo. Noko ke, sobulumko ikhankanya yokuziphatha wentelekelelo apho ithuku negunya yangaphandle, imigaqo ezimnandi kunye nokusebenza iimvakalelo zabantu ezahlukeneyo. Umntu kuthathwa ukuba izazinzulu ezivela macala omabini - njengokuba into ekhethekileyo njenge "nto ngokwayo". Kwelinye icala, izenzo naziphi na iintlobo ngamnye igqitywe zizinto zangaphandle kunye, kwelinye - ephakamileyo imigaqo yokuziphatha. Ngoko ke, naliphi na ilungu le-uhlanga lwabantu futhi kuyaphela umbandela kakuhle-ntle, kunye isidima, nangona le minqweno basoloko zichasene omnye komnye.