Sobulumko Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn: Biography, ubomi yakho, kuchaphulo olu

Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn - enye sobulumko kakhulu brilliant, ngamazwi kunye akuyo zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Nangona yokuba akazange zaqatshelwa bexesha lakhe yaye eyahlukaniswekumazwe kuluntu, waba nempembelelo enkulu phezu ukuyilwa imigaqo nemithetho ye ngokweengcinga zale mihla kunye. Wittgenstein waye owandulela ubuncinane ezintathu iindlela ezikrelekrele bulumko - positivism ubhalo, intanda ngokolwimi nocazululo ngokolwimi.

curriculum vitae

Austria kunye UK ziye zaba nempembelelo enkulu kubomi nefilosofi of uRhazes njengoko Ludwig Wittgenstein. biography emfutshane ibonisa oku ngokucacileyo. Indawo awazalelwa kuyo bulumko eVienna kwelinye iintsapho abadumileyo kwaye izityebi uBukhosi Austria-Hungarian. Uyise injineli odumileyo kunye mogul, kunye nomama wakhe ngathi ukusuka intsapho amandulo yamaYuda.

Njengoyise, Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn waqalisa ukufunda ubunjineli, ingakumbi, abanomdla kusakhiwa izixhobo eziyingozi. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kwakhokelela ekubeni kwingxaki iziseko bulumko lemathematika. Ukongeza, kukho ezinye izinto alunamdla Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn. Biography kubonisa ukuba wayezithanda umculo, ukukrola, izakhiwo, uncwadi nobugcisa. Ngenkulungwane yokuqala amabini, Wittgenstein waya Cambridge, apho waba ngumfundi kunye nomncedisi kamva kunye nomhlobo, sobulumko odumileyo Bertrand Russell.

Ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, Wittgenstein ngokuzithandela kuba ngaphambili, apho bambamba. Ezili kwinkampu yentolongo, yena phantse wayigqiba omnye yemisebenzi yakhe edumileyo - "ibhrodibhendi ibhrowudibhendi" - nto leyo eyaba negalelo elikhulu kakhulu kuphuhliso bulumko yaseYurophu kunye nehlabathi. Emva koko, wasebenza njengomfundisi kwisikolo kwilali esiqhelekileyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, Wittgenstein uyaqonda ukuba intanda yakhe becala isilela yaye kufuneka luphuculwe, ngoko waphinda wabuyela UK, apho iyaqhubeka ukusebenza umbhalo wakhe, ngoxa ukuba unjingalwazi kwiYunivesithi yaseCambridge.

Ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II wasebenza nje unyango ngocwangco, kwaye ibandakanyeka kwicala elitsha - ifilosofi ulwimi. Wittgenstein wafa ngo-1953 ngumhlaza wendlala. Zonke izimvo zakhe ngomhla wama -bulumko ulwimi zipapashwe kokufa kwakhe.

ifilosofi yokuqala Wittgenstein

Kwiminyaka bakhe omncinane Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn awayezithanda umsebenzi osebenzayo kwemibhalo-ezibalulekileyo avant-garde e Vienna, kananjalo wayenomdla iingcamango Karl Kraus - "itotshi" umhleli lowu abayisebenzayo ukwahlulwa ixabiso kunye nobugcisa actual. elinamandla kwi Wittgenstein naye iingcinga Frege uRussell, phantsi lowo wayesebenza ixesha elide. Ukususela yokuqala yamkela ingcamango umsebenzi propositional, ixabiso lokwenene neeyantlukwano lwesemantiki intsingiselo kunye nexabiso amabinzana ngolwimi lwesibini - ulwimi Uhlalutyo indlela ngendlela enengqiqo, equka khangela izibakala "atomic", kwakunye ezinye iziqalelo inkcazo ubhalo lemathematika.

iingcamango yokuqala ubhalo Wittgenstein zaphinda mawuqulunqwe "kwidayari" kwakhe apho othetha amathuba ukulandelelana entsha kunye nohlelo enengqondo. Ezi iingcinga zaba sisiseko ngomsebenzi wakhe ephambili yale xesha - "ibhrodibhendi ibhrowudibhendi".

"Ibhrodibhendi ibhrowudibhendi"

Lo msebenzi yapapashwa ngowe-1921, okokuqala isiJamani uze - in IsiNgesi. Le ncwadi ibhalwe ngohlobo aphorisms eyahlukileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga izimvo zakhe Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn. Iziphene ezibekwe ecaleni amanani angqinelanayo ebonisa inqanaba ukubaluleka aphorism.

Ngaphandle ukufana kunye iingcamango uRussell kunye Frege, le ncwadi ngeendlela ezininzi ezizodwa. Kulo mbhalo ebuza umbuzo amathuba kunye nemida yokucinga, umbhali idibanisa iingqiqo zokucinga kunye nolwimi, kunye bulumko kwi izenzo ngexesha elifanayo njengendlela bokuhlala yohlalutyo ukugxekwa ulwimi. Xa ingqikelelo ulwimi Wittgenstein xa isebenza unyulo izibakala, apho kunokwenzeka kuba isakhiwo ubhalo zangaphakathi ulwimi. Le mfundiso usaqhubeka udlala indima ebalulekileyo kumacala mihla Western ngokwasengqondweni.

ifilosofi ilanga Wittgenstein kaThixo

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn iye kwewebhu indawo yayo kwaye wala isakhiwo priori yolwimi. Usibonisa ezahlukeneyo amagama namabinzana asetyenziswa ngolwimi zendalo. Ngokuhambelana eli lizwi aluveli umfanekiso ngqondweni we sifundo, kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwamagama ngokusemxholweni ngokungqinelana nemigaqo iilwimi unika indlela ixabiso ethile.

Wittgenstein usebenza nge gama ezifana imidlalo yolwimi, apho onke amazwi ifumana intsingiselo yawo kuphela xa iimeko ezithile kuyahlangatyezwana umdlalo. Wittgenstein nayo ibonisa ukuba imfuneko ngokubuza imibuzo efanelekileyo. indawo ilanga Wittgenstein kaThixo bulumko kuchazwe emsebenzini wakhe "Uphando zefilosofi".

"Uphando zefilosofi"

Incwadi yokugqibela enkulu ukuba ukusebenza Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn. Philosophy ngokufutshane apha ukususela ekuqalisweni kwe ncwadi, apho umbhali walatha into yokuba ukuba kufuneka ingqalelo lo msebenzi xa kuthelekiswa "ibhrodibhendi".

Mu kuya kwa nshita umsebenzi ngaphambili, "Uphando zefilosofi" kuba isimbo wesiprofeto kwaye yahlulwe iinxalenye ezimbini. Inxalenye yokuqala unalo isakhiwo kulandelayo:

• Ingcamango zolwimi kunye nentsingiselo yalo.
• Uhlahlelo epistemological nesigama nasengqondweni.
• imiba jikelele Uhlalutyo iikhonsepti ngaphambili okhankanywe.

Inxalenye yesibini yencwadi ngaphantsi kwe block kwaye yokuzihlolisisa engagqitywanga. Apha umbhali uthetha la mazwi, ukubaluleka kwabo umsebenzi-bulumko kule miba.

Lyudvig Vitgenshteyn - enye zobulumko kunazo zonke zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Ngokungafaniyo bexesha lakhe, yena Akacingi kuphela, kodwa wahlala ngokungqinelana kunye iimbono zabo. Yaba nombulelo lowo bulumko yaba ifilosofi kolwimi - inzululwazi undincinayo abantu babone uchaze ihlabathi ngayo.