Incoko Heuristic - incoko ... Heuristic: inkcazelo, iimpawu kunye nemizekelo

Isiseko yeengcingane yokufunda ingxaki-based kubandakanya iindlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Enye yazo yindlela heuristic ngayo incoko. Le yindlela ekhethekileyo iingxelo zolwazi, ekhoyo ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Kukholelwa ukuba le ndlela yasungulwa uSocrates.

incoko Heuristic - ntoni na?

Uphononongo aveza imveliso le ndlela kwaqala 50 ephakathi. ngekhulu XX. Ngeli xesha, waqala nje ukuphuhlisa isiseko yeengcingane yokufunda ingxaki-based. Ezifanelekileyo kuphandwa abafundisi ezahlukeneyo. Isiphumo laliqulunqwe Eneneni, ukuchaza isakhiwo, umsebenzi, heuristic Ukuhlelwa incoko. Emva koko, ootitshala baye inkqubo kobuchule ukuba usebenzise indlela kwinkqubo yemfundo. incoko Heuristic - indlela imibuzo neempendulo zokufundisa. Akupheleli iinkcukacha zootitshala umyalezo lilungile, nokuthumela abantwana ukuchonga isigama esitsha. Imeko incoko heuristic kufuneka ibandakanye imibuzo efanelekileyo. Iimpendulo kula abafundi basebenzisa ulwazi lwabo, ngokubona nolwazi.

Okukodwa

Enye iimpawu sibe nengxoxo heuristic - le ngxaki ulwandiso ukuqwalaselwa. Utitshala uyalela abantwana uthotho lwemibuzo, apho amaqhina oqhagamshelwano kunye enye nenye kwaye ulandele omnye nomnye. Ngamnye kubo ngokuqulunqa ingxaki encinane. Ngelo xesha linye kunye kukhokelela isicombululo kule ngxaki iphambili ebuzwa ngutitshala. Imiba efakwe kwi ncoko heuristic - ndoqo indlela. Senza inomsebenzi ebalulekileyo ngokwasengqondweni.

Umzekelo nengxoxo heuristic

Kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi, abantwana ngenkuthalo uhlola okusingqongileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, inkoliso ngolwazi zingafumaneka bakubonileyo. Ukuqonda okungcono izinto ezenzeka ebantwaneni womfundisi heuristic incoko uhlobo zingasetyenziswa. Ngoko ke, utitshala ubuza umbuzo: "Yintoni ebusika?" Oku uyakwazi ukufumana impendulo elifutshane: ". Ezimfutshane nefudumeleyo" Aze utitshala aqale ukubeka-imibuzo sub olongezelelweyo. Bona iyimfuneko kuba impendulo emfutshane eliphuma asanelanga kwaye ayiniki umntwana ukuba ukukugwebela oko. Utitshala Ungacela indawo aloo mzi kwimephu ngokunxulumene shelterbelts okanye umzimba emanzini, kokucacisa kwi iimpawu ezifanayo zemozulu lommandla. Emva koku 'ukuma' ingxaki oluya: Utitshala ubuza ukuba ubusika efanayo kulo mmandla. Ngenxa yoko, utitshala eze abantwana kumbuzo wokuqala. Ngoku, ke, abafundi amnike eneenkcukacha iingcaciso impendulo zezo zimvo. Umphumo ube incoko kakhulu umdla heuristic. Umzekelo: imbali olufundwa ebudeni bolawulo benkosi. Imibuzo utitshala ukuze uqale la magama "funda uthi", "ucinga ukuba", "ukuhlalutya izenzo." Ukuphendula umbuzo, abantwana ukuqonda ngokucacileyo ezo ziganeko, ukuvavanya izenzo ngabanye, bathabatha izigqibo, ukuxhasa izimvo.

iimpawu

incoko Heuristic - nomxokelelwane imiba ezalanayo. Enkosi kubo, incoko ithatha zigigaba umlinganiswa. Imibuzo ezikwi oxhulumene hayi zoomatshini, kodwa nenengqondo. Bona zilungiswe ukuze ngasinye ezilandelayo iphuma impendulo. Le yokugqibela, nayo, luhlobo lwe linyathelo yengqondo eyahlukileyo. Kusebenza yinxenye yesisombululo le ngxaki yokuqala. Ngenxa yoko, iimpawu eziphambili wandivelisa incoko heuristic esikolweni kwibakala, ziquka:

1. umbuzo ngamnye ivela njengenyathelo ubhalo zokusetsha.
2. Zonke amakhonkco tyathanga oqhagamshelwano phakathi kwaye uqhubeke omnye komnye.
3. Ekufuneni iimpendulo okwenzelwa abantwana ngokwabo ngenkxaso kwenxenye ngutitshala. nezikhokelo zootitshala nabafundi isigqibo zonke inyathelo elinye le ngxaki.
4. Ukufuna swi iinketho zokufumana ulwazi okanye ukugwetyelwa ukuchaneka kwazo.
5. Impumelelo izisombululo ebaluleke ngokukodwa ke stock kolwazi.

iimpawu zezakhiwo kwaye esebenza

Njengoko sesitshilo ngasentla, le mibuzo kunye iimpendulo izinto ezakha incoko heuristic. imbali yamandulo, ukuma, uncwadi njani ngempumelelo wafunda kusetyenziswa le ndlela. Imiba chain kubonisa iimpendulo, nto leyo ekugqibeleni ibe nesiphelo eqhelekileyo. Isigqibo ngasinye (Impendulo) yakha inyathelo. Ugqithele kumbuzo olandelayo kunokwenzeka kuphela xa impendulo ifumanekile kwi ezidlulileyo. Phakathi ngalinye kula manyathelo utitshala ukwenza izimvo okulungisa okanye ingcaciso. Bona banikwa umsebenzi ngenkxaso. Kungakhathaliseki ezisebenzisa incoko heuristic - enkulisa, isikolo samabanga aphantsi okanye aphezulu - oko akanalo sikhokelo engqongqo nokuxuba kunye nemibuzo ezilandelelanayo kunye neempendulo. Oku kuquka iingxelo labafundi, ngokubalulekileyo, iingcaciso utitshala. ukuze kwakheke imibuzo amatyathanga ukuze impendulo emanyeneyo bonke.

iimpawu izinto

Umba incoko heuristic isebenza intsebenziswano oluntsonkothileyo nolwalamano ezahlukeneyo syntactic, ingqiqo, indalo ngokwengqondo substantive. Kucingwa into mandatory yencoko, inokujongwa ngendlela iindidi jikelele zokufundisa. Imibuzo neempendulo anxulunyaniswa ngokulungelelanisiweyo-nye, babe eziliqela kwizinto ezifanayo. isiqalelo ngasinye kwengqesho. Nangakumbi, lo mbuzo limi njengoko njengecandelo ethwele ulwalamano ziphikisana phakathi iintlobo ulwazi. Ngelo xesha uya kukufeza umsebenzi inkuthazo. Umbuzo kwencoko heuristic, wenza njengoko inyathelo lokuqala ukuya ngaphaya ulwazi okhoyo, kodwa ngaphandle apho ulwalathiso zokucinga kunye nentshukumo yokuqonda engenakwenzeka. Oku kungenxa yokuba imilo yawo lubonisa ingxaki kwaye ichaza oko. Umbuzo - ngumngeni engqondweni. isigqibo sakhe ivula indlela abantwana phambili uphendlo ukuze inyaniso. Lo mbuzo kuyanceda ukufumana indlela yokuphuma xa kubonakala ukuba isigqibo ngokutsha. Kule meko, oku iincoko candelo heuristic, wenza njengoko linyathelo eliya kwicala ukucinga ukuphumeza injongo ethile. umbuzo ngamnye entsha ikhuthaza abantwana ukuba bafumane indlela yokuphuma. Oku, kuba negalelo nokuhlaziya ulwazi okhoyo, eyimfuneko ukusombulula le ngxaki.

Imisebenzi umahluko

Nangona iindima ezahlukileyo edlalwa yi imibuzo neempendulo, zinxulumene ngokusondeleyo kunye nabanye. Last ijoliswe ukuchaza into eziyifunayo. Iimpendulo, nayo, icwangcisa mxholo. Le ngxoxo heuristic benza kungekuphela nje imbonakaliso ngesiphumo ulwazi, kodwa nje inkqubo nokwenziwa. Ukusekwa kwe umbuzo ngamnye ibonisa incompleteness msebenzi kwengqondo. Ngoko ke, bakhuthaze abantwana ukuba azalise ulwazi ekhoyo. Impendulo kumbuzo lomfundi ngokuqulunqa wayo. Akazange abone isicombululo kule ncwadi, abaziva ukusuka kutitshala. impendulo yomntwana efunyenwe kwinkqubo umsebenzi kwengqondo ngenxa yezo izibakala kunye nentetho equkayo, leyo wavelisa imigudu yakhe.

Umxholo indlela

Ngenxa yokuba lo mbuzo kwaye impendulo sizalwa nayiphi na ingxoxo, kufuneka ukuchaza Okukodwa yabo phakathi ingxoxo heuristic. Inyathelo lokuqala kwengxoxo gabalala, izinto ezifunekayo. incoko Heuristic kwi omdala kwiqela, abasezantsi, kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, UPawulos isenzo wenyaniso, kuqulunqo wayo, nto leyo ichazwe kule ngxaki. Umceli-mngeni kukuba ukuqaphela ukuba akukho ithathwa, kodwa kufuneka yaziwe. ingxaki Study isebenza ukuqonda yabantwana yembambano kwengqondo. isigqibo sakhe sithe asaba kususela kuphela ulwazi ekhoyo. Noko ke, ukuze sifumane impendulo kufuneka ukuze koyiswe ubunzima. Ngelo xesha linye akunakwenzeka ukuchonga imiba neengxaki. Phakathi kwabo, Kakade, kukho unxulumano. Kodwa ke ingxaki incoko heuristic isebenza uhlobo uhlobo mbuzo.

indlela yokukhangela

A kwisifundo ukuba kuyimfuneko ukwazi, ngokusekelwe ntswela izinto ezikhoyo yabantwana, kunye nolwazi ekufuneka ekhangelwe nkalwana zonke. Oku iyazingenela inkqubo yokucinga. Yena, ke, ishenxisa ukungangqinelani. Kule stock yolwazi ezendeleyo kuyo, loo nto ayithethi akhombe ngqo isigqibo ngokwayo. Ifumaneka abantwana uyabaqondisa endleleni ukufuna idatha entsha. Le ngxoxo heuristic le nkqubo uthatha indawo. Ekuqaleni lisebenza ucwangciso efunekayo, kunye nokugqitywa - ukuze ufumane impendulo efanelekileyo. Njengoko sesitshilo ngasentla, ulwazi kuphela alubonisi ndlela, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba mayisiwe ebantwini khona onke amanyathelo yaye bafumane isisombululo ngokwabo. Impendulo yalo mbuzo rhoqo ayonelanga. Kulo mba, kukho imfuneko ukukhangela isisombululo lonke ixesha. Kuphela kulo mzekelo zingasetwa, ukuba iyaneliseka impendulo okanye hayi. Ngelithini sinako ukwenza incoko esilandelayo heuristic:

1. Ukufuna.
2. izisombululo ezizezinye.
3. imveliso ngqo, ulwakhiwo ngumfundisi efuna amanyathelo kunye nokubulawa kwabantwana babo.
4. Isiphumo.

imisebenzi

incoko Heuristic ukwenza iinjongo gabalala ethile. iimpawu yababini ezifana:

1. Incentive.
2. Zemfundo.
3. Control nokulungiswa.
4. Ukusungula.
5. Zemfundo.

nqala ziquka oku kulandelayo:

1. Formation yokucinga dialectical.
2. Ukufunda iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusombulula le ngxaki, ulawulo umsebenzi nasengqondweni. Le yokugqibela ndaqonda ngokuvula ngokubonisa umendo wophendlo, kwakunye ngokuthi kwakhiwe ubuchule ukwakha inkqubo bobungqina yenkuthazo yaso ukugwetyelwa ukuchaneka kwayo,.
3. Formation ukuzimela ulwazi abantwana.

ngezigaba

Obschepedagogicheskih kwaye sifezekise iinjongo ezithile kunceda ukuseka indima, indawo, iintlobo incoko heuristic. Le misebenzi iphambili iquka incoko ejoliswe kwiziphumo zophando:

1. Iimpendulo xa abantwana bayazi indlela. Kulo mzekelo, hlanganisa kunye ukuchaza indlela nokuwela yayo. Kule meko, umsebenzi kwengqondo ibandakanya oku kulandelayo. Imiba Inkqubo ebuzwa ngutitshala, salatha amanyathelo uphendlo. Nge ngalinye impendulo abantwana khangela ngokwakho. Ngenxa yoko, abafundi inxaxheba khangela izinto.
2. Indlela xa isisombululo uyaziwa. Kulo mzekelo, kulindeleke ukuba aveze indlela apho khangela, bafunde inyaniso ulwazi. umsebenzi Cognitive ibandakanya amalungiselelo lokudlala utitshala ekhoyo izinto abantwana ngokulandelelana efunekayo ukuze kwakhiwe ulwazi ukufumana impendulo. Points System ihlaziya inkcazelo efumanekayo. Xa oku ngqo OluPhando eyenziwa.
3. Indlela kunye neempendulo. Kulo mzekelo, msebenzi yabantwana ijolise ngokufuna iimpendulo, izigaba zokufunda ezivumela indlela isisombululo. Oku kucingelwa ukuba abe udidi oluphakathi phakathi kwe yokuqala neyesibini.

incoko Heuristic kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi owomeleleyo olunzulu ikhuthaza iipateni definition kunye nobudlelwane, inika ingqiqo eziphathekayo.