Ingono Umhlaza: iimpawu, unyango

Umhlaza - kokoqobo ingxaki zezonyango namhlanje. It nangoku ayifumanekanga ichiza ukuba ingaba 100 eyiyo% ukunqanda ukukhula iiseli amabi. Ezibhedlela, oogqirha ukuba sibeka uxilongo eyoyikekayo izigulane zabo.

Kukho ezininzi lomhlaza. Naliphi na iziko likarhulumente kunye naluphi izihlunu umzimba womntu zinokuthi ngequbuliso lanefuthe yinkqubo yezifo. Enye iindawo zalapha kunokwenzeka - le ingono ndisemabeleni umfazi wakhe. Esi sifo oncological amayeza kuthiwa sisifo Paget kaThixo.

ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga nokugula

Ulwazi yokuqala isifo Paget kaThixo yabonakala ngenkulungwane XIX. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ngo1856 yi ugqirha French kunye anatomist S. Velpeau wafumana utshintsho zophendlo lwezifo le ingono-areolar complex. Ngowe-1874, uJ Paget, kuba ugqirha British kunye sezifo, ngakumbi ukufunda oluneenkcukacha sifo. Kungenxa yoko le nto kwathiwa igama lakhe kwathiwa ukugula.

isifo J. Paget kwi uphando lubonakalise unxulumano phakathi utshintsho zophendlo lwezifo le carcinoma ezimbaxa kunye nencum ingono-areolar. Esi sigqibo wenza kwiziphumo 15 kokuma. Ingcali ngo wabona iinguqu ezibalulekileyo arhabaxa. Kulo nyaka, zonke izigulane zase umhlaza kwingono webele. J. Paget kwakhona wacebisa ukuba ukudumba phezulu ichaphazela izihlunu ejikelezileyo, kunye notshintsho sisiba mandundu kuzo ngenxa ukuba uphuhliso neoplasia.

data zangoku kwi sifo kunye iimpawu zesifo

Ulwazi malunga nesifo ngo-2011, wabaqokelela iKliniki "Mayo" (USA). Iingcali ziye bazimisele ukuba original phantse kuzo zonke iimeko, utshintsho zophendlo lwezifo le kwingono ubuze. Ngamanye phambili kwesi sifo kule nkqubo ibandakanya isikhumba ndana. Kwakhona, i-data thaca, iikliniki, oko kuqatshelwe ukuba ingqokelela imbali umhlaza webele Paget ukuba zokusingatha ukuxilongwa oluchanekileyo ingathatha ukususela kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwisi-8.

Ziziphi iimpawu uphawu le umhlaza na? Ababhinqileyo abaye ezande umhlaza, sibhiyozela kwi ukutshintsha uvakalelo le ndawo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, izigulane akhalaze sokudlathuka kweenwele, nokushisa. Ngenxa iingubo phezu ingono kunye areola kwenzeka kummandla ukuba bomvu. Le ndawo ochaphazelekayo ziqale exesheni. Kumanqanaba kamva kukho Luninzi uyopha ukusuka ingono (xa umhlaza kuqhelekile). Le ingono enziwe. Amaninzi kubhaliwe waphawula flattening yokukhula yamathumba amabi.

Kokuqhubekeka kunye ezibangela izifo

Isakhiwo zonke neoplasias ezikhoyo mammary Paget umhlaza share owabelwe 0.5-5%. Ngethamsanqa ke, izifo ezinqabileyo. Xa abantu abatsha, Kudla ngokungabikho andibhaqwa. Amaninzi sifo e abadala ngezifo amabhinqa postmenopausal (iminyaka 50-60). I-avareji yobudala abantu abagulayo - ngonyaka 54.

Oonobangela zomhlaza Paget kaThixo ayikwazi kubizwa ngokuba. Njengoko nabanye imihlaza, basaqhubeka kufundwe. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingqikelelo. Ngaphambili wabeka phambili ingcamango yokuba nomhlaza iphuhlise ngenxa yokufuduka kweeseli Nedlac ecaleni ongaphantsi inwebu ye imibhobho kwi sangaphandle kwingono.

Ezahlukeneyo ngotshintsho zophendlo lwezifo

umhlaza ingono singaqhubela kwenye yezi ndlela okunokwenzeka:

1. Lwalo lokuqala liyasetyenziswa kuphela ngexesha iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo kwi kwingono kunye areola. Ezinye tshintsho andibhaqwa.
2. Xa ngobuwena yesibini kuphuhliso umhlaza ibanjiwe iimpawu akrokra kwi ingono-areolar complex. Zeziphi iimpawu ezibonakalayo zinokubonisa umhlaza ingono? Iifoto esi sifo, leyo kunokubonwa iincwadi ezahlukeneyo kunye namanqaku zonyango ibonisa ukuba bomvu, ukukalwa, izilonda. Ukongeza kwezi mpawu, induration uvalo, ikwanjalo nentlama emabeleni.
3. In lwalo wesithathu, utshintsho ulusu nje ulandelwe. Xa kuxilonga kutyhilwa ithumba emabeleni kunye, ngethuba loviwo histological kutyhilwa Paget umhlaza (njengoko yokufunyaniswa random).

Umhlaza ingono: imiqondiso, kuxhomekeke iintlobo zesi sifo

ezahlukeneyo Iimpawu zisenokuvela ngayo umhlaza. Kuxhomekeka umfanekiso lwezonyango, umhlaza Paget kaThixo zihlelwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• eczematid ezingapheliyo;
• eczematid olunamandla;
• ifomu psoriatic;
• ifomu pigmentary.

wenza njani ingono na umhlaza webele? Impendulo yalo mbuzo ixhomekeke kwindlela esi sifo. Xa eczematid ezingapheliyo umfazi ixesha elide kukho onokhwekhwe ingono. Phezu ngeenxa soma. Xa nyamalala, indawo yazo iba buqapheleke elila komhlaba. Xa eczematid etsolo kwaphawula hyperemia. Imbudumbudu entle phezu kwamanzi, ubovu, izilonda nazo uphawu kwesi sifo, ezinjengesifo (okanye umhlaza ingono) Paget kaThixo. Iimpawu ifomu psoriatic kwi eluswini kuvela kukubola exfoliated, ngoxa ifomu mbala - ngokohlobo amabala ngaphaya areola.

Isifo somhlaza

Xa okusolwayo iinkqubo amabi, ibakho esinobubovu mammary, amagqirha ukumisela mammography. apho X-ray, ingasetyenziswa ultrasound Olu phando non-invasive somhlaza webele,. Ekuhambeni kulo kungabonwa ngamathumba. Enye indlela loxilongo - MRI. Ngenxa yakhe, iingcali zibonisa utshintsho kwi ingono, nto leyo ngokwezonyango alibonakali.

Abo abafazi kunye kuyakrokreleka nomhlaza webele ingono waphawula isifo picture lwezonyango Paget kaThixo, yabelwa ingono kunye areola biopsy of yonke ubukhulu. Olu phando luza kuvumela ukuxilongwa, ngqo ukuqinisekisa, okanye ukuphikisa ubukho bomhlaza.

Iimpawu zonyango zomhlaza ingono

Ingcali Unyango igqiba kuxhomekeka kwiziphumo diagnostic ezifunyenweyo. Xa biopsy lelikhabayo, kuliwa esweni olutshintshayo umguli. Ukuba isifo uzenza waziva, wabonakalisa iimpawu, a biopsy yesibini.

Phezu isiqinisekiso sisifo Paget kaThixo, utyando ukususa ithumba nezihlunu ezingqongileyo, okanye ngokupheleleyo kulo lonke ibele. Kamva sathunyelwa unyango ezongezelelweyo, evumela ekugqibeleni utshabalalise iiseli ezingaqhelekanga.

Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi malunga unyango ngotyando

Olu tyando linyathelo elibalulekileyo yaye kuyimfuneko kunyango indibaniselwano somhlaza ezifana umhlaza kwingono webele. Iingcali ixesha elide akwazi ukuza kwisigqibo njengoko oko unyango kakhulu ngempumelelo. Kwenziwa izifundo ezahlukeneyo. The University of Michigan lacazulula iziphumo zonyango izigulane 36. Bonke zenziwa uqhaqho omzimba. Kwixa elizayo, ukuze isigulane waba avareji yeenyanga 113. Ngowe-11% abasetyhini waba ukuphinda.

Kwakhona, isifundo South Korea lwenziwa. Iziphumo zahlalutywa unyango kwabafazi 104 kunye umhlaza kwingono. Iingcali Mastectomy eyabelwe izigulane 92, abantu 12 wachitha imisebenzi omzimba. Kamva 3 Ukuphinda ibhaqwe emva mastectomy kunye omnye emva ukhetho kunyango lodidi lwesibini. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba imisebenzi organ musa ukwandisa amathuba nokuphuhlisa zingabuyi yabafazi. Le ndlela unyango enikwa izigulane resection lwe zakhiwo kwingono-areola.

therapy radiation

unyango olusebenzayo umhlaza - unyango radiation. umsebenzi wayo kukuba ukutshabalalisa iiseli ingqalelo yezifo. unyango Imitha ukumelana nayo, kodwa ngenxa unyango ubunzima kuphela ithumba kodwa iiseli esempilweni. Ngenxa yeziphumo elibi emzimbeni kukho iziphumo ezingalindelekanga:

• Local - betshisa imitha emise, kukho legazi ezincinane bamalungelo ezesini ngenxa yokwanda ubu imithambo yegazi;
• inkqubo - izigulana ezikhala isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ubuthathaka, ukudinwa.

Wayenyangwa umhlaza ingono

Chemotherapy ibandakanya ulawulo amachiza anticancer ethile ukunqanda ukukhula iiseli okubulalayo nefuthe elibi kubo. unyango olunjalo zomhlaza ingono yenzelwe yenze le misebenzi ilandelayo:

• zokuthintela izifo kuwenza;
• impembelelo iphumelela ithumba isicelo elandelayo iinketho zonyango wengingqi (utyando okanye radiation).

Chemotherapy, unyango kwemitha ngokunjalo, kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ngowe-80% amatyala isicaphucaphu nokugabha. Kwakhona, ngenxa ichemotherapy, uboya uqala iwe, babe izikhonkwane ukudleka ngakumbi, inkanuko maxongo, imikhwa utshintsho incasa.

therapy hormone

lunceda impatho enjalo phambi yamathumba hormone-abaxhomekeke emzimbeni. Noko ke, umhlaza Paget ngenxa ixesha elide ezingezozakhe ngamathumba ezinjalo. Ngowe-1949 kwacetyiswa kwixesha lokuqala ukuba isifo ukuze ukuphendula hormone unyango, kodwa phantsi kweemeko ezithile. uphando kamva oku. Unyango kwamadlala ukuba isifo efana mibele nomhlaza kuye kwaphumelela phambi a neoplasm elibulalayo kakhulu receptors dlala kunye estrogen.

Okwangoku, imfuneko unyango kwamadlala, izigulane elawulwa "Tamoxifen", "Zitazonium ',' Nolvadex '. Bona ingqalelo "umgangatho igolide" kwi impatho enjalo. Noko ke, kukho imeko apho ezinokusetyenziswa la machiza: nethumba kufuneka receptors for iihomoni steroid (> 10 fmol / ziiprotein mg). Imfuneko ukuchaza unyango amachiza ziingcali hormone.

I-ALS zomhlaza ingono

Umhlaza yeyona kwezifo kakhulu kwaye iyingozi. Ngaba Akukho ngaphandle kunye ngumhlaza ingono webele. uya kuba yintoni umphumo unyango? Abantu abane ixhomekeke kwindibaniselwano zizathu:

• Inqanaba lesi sifo;
• ubudala umntu ogulayo;
• Inani leenqanawa nkovu obandakanyekayo;
• izinga yobubi;
• ubukho yeemeko ezinzima morphological.

Oogqirha bazi amatyala amaninzi xa abantu kwingono ubulawa ngumhlaza. Ukufa, ngokuqhelekileyo ziyafumaneka kwi zigaba emva kwexesha, kwiimeko phambili, le ndlongondlongo bemvelo yobubi. Ngoko, xa mpawu enobukhwele akakwazi zila ukutyelela ugqirha. Kamsinya uhlolisisa ingcali, ngokukhawuleza buya uxilongo oluchanekileyo kwaye amisele unyango kuyimfuneko.