"Ingqondo": An Uhlalutyo. Nabokov "ingqondo": Isishwankathelo

Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov - omnye wababhali ezininzi umdla zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Ezininzi iimpikiswano futhi impikiswano namasiko wenza kunye uyawafikisa emsebenzini. Ngoko ke mnandi ngokwaneleyo ukuhlalutya Nabokov. "Ingqondo" yi - hayi nje inoveli, inoveli lokuqala umbhali, nto leyo eyenza kube ngakumbi kubaluleke kunye zexabiso.

nobuciko Nabokov

Vladimir Nabokov akanakwaziwa engekasonjululwa kunye neencwadi kunzima qhina zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Abanye bathi kuye yingqondi, abanye abazange baqaphele kuye ngumbhali abanetalente. Wazalwa kwinkulungwane XIX eSt Petersburg waza wafa ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yokugqibela eSwitzerland. Inkoliso ubomi babeye bahlala kwamanye amazwe, kodwa hayi esikhohlakeleyo, Russian ebuntwaneni. Nabokov wabhala engumama, kwakunye IsiNgesi, yaguqulelwa iinoveli zakhe, kwaye emandiyenze kwi philology.

Uninzi imibhalo yakhe forestalled ilixa kwimpucuko kunye nesimbo sakhe umsebenzi ohlukileyo kulawo kangangokuba ongenawo analogue kuncwadi Russian okanye kwamanye amazwe. Le ukungacaci kunye neyantlukwano imisebenzi yakhe kwenza kube nzima ukuba ukugqiba kuhlahlelo Nabokov. "Ingqondo" kuthatha ukuba abawafundi nje kuphela kuba inoveli wokuqala Vladimir, kodwa ngenxa yokuba lo msebenzi wokuqala ebhalwe nguye ekuthinjweni.

History of indalo

Ngoko ke, siqala uhlalutyo Nabokov ( "ingqondo" - ugqaliselo ingqalelo yethu). Le noveli yabhalwa ngowe-1926 e-Berlin. Yena a lot of mibala buqu, ikakhulu ezinxulumene ukuya ekhaya, usizi kunzima ka ikhaya ezilahlekileyo amazwe.

Xa magazini "Niva" ngoko nangoko emva kokuba inoveli yapapashwa uphononongo nto, "nakwizibetho zabo Nabokov uyiluke kwi ulwandlalo yemisebenzi yakhe ... yabonisa ziyahlelwa uhlobo lwabantu -. Zizifundiswa Russian emigre" Ukuhlala amazwe ke, njengoko abaninzi abashiya ilizwe lakhe lokuzalwa kwabantu ezinzima. Ekuphela kwento Nabokov akwazi ukufumana intuthuzelo - iinkumbulo elidlulileyo, apho kumnandi, uthando, ndlu. Kuyinto ezi zimvo eliqaqambileyo obenza isiseko kwinoveli.

ISishwankathelo: Ukuqala

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka kuhlalutyo, sibheka kuzo ngokubalisa kwisiqwenga inoveli "ingqondo". IsiShwankathelo saBalawuli kuya kufuneka uqale ukuchaza emthonjeni ka-1934 e-Berlin. Umdlali oyinhloko, Leo Glebovich Ganin, ephilileyo, yeendwendwe indlu le, Russian, apho, ngaphandle kwakhe, phila;

• Alferov Aleksey Ivanovich (mathematics);
• Podtyagin Anton Sergeevich (imbongi endala)
• "Intombazana Nice" Clara wamthanda Ganin esebenza njenge oloba;
• isibini uthando - onguSibahle ballet Colin Gornotsvetov.

Ganin bafika e Berlin kunyaka ophelileyo, ngelo xesha walitshintsha imisebenzi eziliqela: medics, umsebenzi, umlungiseleli. Wakwazi ukuba wonge imali eyaneleyo ukuze ahambe, kodwa kuqala kufuneka ahlukane Lyudmila, bahambisana ne ubudlelwane kangangeenyanga ezintathu, oko siziphekuze hero udiniwe. Kodwa ibhaxa uyeke ukufumana Ganin akakwazi. Iifestile egumbini lakhe, kuba namathamsanqa aye kwisikhululo sikaloliwe, kwaye umnqweno ushiye uba nayo. Xa kugqajukelwa yokucoca zakhe iimvakalelo Leo Glebovich imemezela yeendwendwe umnini uyabaleka ngoMgqibelo.

uthando lokuqala

A lot of iimvakalelo kunye namava Nabokov lwabonakala imveliso, "ingqondo". Mfutshane Umxholo senoveli (ingakumbi iinkumbulo ezidlulileyo Ganin) Kwakhona ebonisa.

Leo Glebovich afunde Alferov ukuba ngoMgqibelo wayeza kufika umfazi wakhe - ingqondo. Le mifanekiso ze umfazi wakhe Ganin ufunda izibalo intombazana, owawa okokuqala. Lakhe bamba iinkumbulo ezidlulileyo, Waze phezu kwakhe ezingqondweni, nokuba zilishumi ngeminyaka. Yaye ngemini elandelayo uthi Lyudmila, mna wayethandana nomnye. Ganin abanovakalelo lwenkululeko wazinikela ngokupheleleyo kwimemori.

Eneminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu ubudala, oku Manor ehlotyeni, nto leyo isazama yesifo. Ediniwe mfana qamba yakhe engqondweni umfanekiso ogqibeleleyo lover, kunye elizifezekisayo kakuhle enye ngenyanga. Yaba ingqondo - kwentombazana "ngesaphetha black nezompleyini plait," amehlo avuthayo, amnyama kunye "uhambisa, lisping" ilizwi. Wayeneminyaka njalo bechwayitile, wayeyoliswa kakhulu iilekese. Xa Ganin wadibana naye kunye nabahlobo bakhe, yaye bavuma ukuya inqanawe, kodwa ngemini elandelayo ingqondo weza ngaphandle nabahlobo. Ukususela ngelo xesha, namatakane abantu baqala ukuhlangana ecaleni engenanto lisemzini.

Xa phezu eve lokuhamba ukuya eSt Petersburg, bebonana enye ngexesha lokugqibela, Ganin wabona ukuba nemivalo elinye window uvuliwe kunye negilasi ukuyichaza ubuso. Ndafumanisa ukuba enalihlola phezu kwabo unyana ka-yentolongo. Ganin Wacaphuka kangangokuba bamtyabula kakhulu.

Ngentsasa elandelayo, umlinganiswa ophambili iye ekhohlo. Ingqondo lafudukela eSt Petersburg kuphela ngoNovemba. Ke kaloku, ukuba ukuhlangana ulutsha usiba nzima - sayo qhwa, ende. Ekuphela ukhuzo omkhulu ifowuni - ngokuhlwa zikwazi ukuthetha iiyure ndawonye. Ngaphambi nje kokuba entsha kunyaka ingqondo intsapho yakowabo yafudukela eMoscow. Wothuka, Ganin waziva kule isiqabu.

Ehlotyeni befumana ithuba lokuhlangana kwakhona. Ingxaki kuphela - kulo nyaka, uyise ingqondo lwathatha ase- neekhilomitha amahlanu ukusuka Ganin kwilifa. Lo mfana waya kubona intanda yakhe, kodwa wavuka sele mnyama. Yena wambulisa ngala mazwi: "Ndingowakho mna, yenzani kum nantoni na oyifunayo." Kodwa macala onke kwakukho rustlings ezininzi kakhulu, Ganin wayevakalelwa kukuba umntu ozayo, ngoko nangoko.

Last time badibana nonyaka kamva a kuloliwe, yaye ukususela ngoko angamboniyo. banikana kuphela oonobumba abambalwa ngexesha lemfazwe.

Ukuzaliswa inoveli

Njengoko ubona, ibali sengqiqweni kakhulu kunye nobomi sisondela inoveli yayo Nabokov.

Ushwankathe- eza kubugqiba. Ngomhla olwandulela wokubuyiswa ingqondo Alferov Ganin chela emthendelekweni, esingethwe Colin Gornotsvetovym. Uceba ukuhlangabezana yena umfazi kwaye bawo nayo.

Morning Ganin ndlelantle kumabhoda kuthunyelwa kwisikhululo. kusekho seyure phambi komhla ukufika uloliwe. Ngokuthe ngcembe, intloko ukuqala sikhwele Ganin wayecinga ukuba wathandana lwabo uthando ingqondo waphela kudala. Ngaphandle silinde ukufika abafazi, uthunyelwa kwamanye isikhululo kunye namagqabi.

Theme kanye umbono

Ngokucacisa izihloko kunye neembono ukuqalisa uhlalutyo inoveli "ingqondo" Nabokov. Kubonakala ukuba isihloko sothando kulo msebenzi kuqala, ehamba phambili, kodwa akunjalo. Enyanisweni, lo inoveli Eyokuba kuphela ukuya kwilizwe ezilahlekileyo - Russia. Zonke ezinye imixholo-sub kunye mibala zihlelwe kule mfanekiso.

Xa umsebenzi Nabokov, kunye nayo, umlinganiswa ophambili, ezama ukuyibuyisela ulonwabo ezilahlekileyo, ukuba aphinde paradesi. Kodwa isiphumo Kuyimpoxo - andilahlekwanga umva, kwalo, siya kubethwa kuphela, akukho kubuya ngamva.

Impixano kwinoveli

ungquzulwano umdla kakhulu kwaye ezithile osidalileyo kwi inoveli Nabokov kaThixo. "Ingqondo" (analysis imveliso), sigqiba ukuba le ntswela eziphambili esekelwe phezu mizekelo: lokwenene - fake, yonke imihla - engaqhelekanga. Amaphupha of Russia ngokoqobo ngaphezu kobomi elubhacweni, kodwa Berlin Ayikho indawo i iindawo ezizodwa kunye engaqhelekanga ilizwe lokuzalwa kwakhe.

Le tula lwendaba

Ukuba uqhuba kocazululo ngenyameko "ingqondo" Nabokov inoveli, icace phandle ukuba njengoko enjalo sebali okanye hayi. Umxholo imveliso ngakumbi njengomlambo osezingqondweni: omnye rhoqo yangaphakathi Ganin, abalinganiswa, iingxoxo, inkcazelo iindawo, apho kukho umcimbi othile.

Kakade ke, mayingabi sakhululwa ngokuba inoveli eyakhelwe kuphela kulo. Kukho imbono kwicala - eli bali inkcazo wesithathu umntu isithuba kukho iinkalo xa ezithile, umfundi uyakwazi ukuva nje kuphela ilizwi hero, kodwa umbuzo nabanye abalinganiswa. Noko ke, lonke kwisiqwenga kwinoveli kungancitshiswa ukuya zimbalwa izinto: Ganin kukushiya, ufumanise ngokufika elidala ngumthandi, ukhumbula abanamava elivisayo neemvakalelo uza ukubavuselela, kodwa ke ngelo wokugqibela mzuzu engavumi kuyo kunye namagqabi. Kungenxa kule yokunqaba inyathelo yabonisa ukuba nentsusa kwento kunye nobuchule engaqhelekanga Nabokov, yintoni eyenza ukuba yahlukile nayiphi Russian okanye ngababhali bamanye amazwe.

umfanekiso Ganin

Umfanekiso umlinganiswa ophambili ngandlela ezininzi ukhutshelwe Vladimir Nabokov ngokwakhe. "Ingqondo" (uhlalutyo iimvakalelo kunye namava njenge emigrant Ganin) kanye iyakungqina oku kwakhona. E Berlin ukuba akukho ukusetyenziswa nakubani, yena, naye, nabani. Leo Glebovich ndililolo ungonwabi, ndidandathekile, umphefumlo wakhe wathabatha ilifa ilangazelela nathemba. Uye akukho umnqweno ukulwa into okanye utshintsho into.

Nowokuchwayita hero kuphela ziinkumbulo ingqondo. Iingcinga elidluleyo ukuvuselela umzimba wakhe umphefumlo, le ufudumala ulonwabo waseMelika, ityhalela amanyathelo, inika ithemba lekamva. Kodwa hayi runs elide le ibenza. Ehleli kwisikhululo, elinde kuba ingqondo, yena ngesiquphe liyayiqonda into yokuba akunakwenzeka ukuba babuyele yangaphambili, ngayo iparadesi elahlekileyo (looMawokhulu), unako nje ngalo, kodwa aphinde akwenzeki.

Ngumfanekiso ingqondo

Akunakwenzeka, ukwenza uhlalutyo "ingqondo" ibali (Nabokov), musa ukunikela ingqalelo umfanekiselo umlinganiswa ophambili, nokuba ibonakala kuphela ephupha Ganin. Ndikunye ingqondo kwi imveliso enxulumene kuphela iinkumbulo eziqaqambileyo yaye bonwabile. Kuvela umfanekiso wentombazana iba isimntwiso zonke ulonwabo elahlekileyo, eRashiya phambi kokuba imfazwe kunye revolution.

Isibakala sokuba ingqondo, nesele umfanekiselo lokhokho, yaye akafuni kubonakala kwinoveli, uthi iparadesi ongafikelelekiyo (Russia). It ibonakala kuphela iinkumbulo kunye namaphupha, ngakumbi abasuka kwamanye ayikho.

Le peculiarity ngesiphelo kwinoveli

amaninzi kakhulu kulo msebenzi udlalwa kwi inkohliso kokulindelwe umfundi Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov: ingqondo (analysis of umfanekiso walo uchazwe apha ngasentla) kwaye alibonakali, i kutyholwa uthando unxantathu, leyo utyhala intsalela abalinganiswa abaphambili, kungcono ninikane zilch, kwaye owazisa ayihambelani zesithethe iindlela boncwadi.

Isiphelo inoveli bulumko ngaphezu nasengqondweni. Nabokov akavumi ukuhlangabezana amaqhawe hayi ngenxa yokuba namava anzulu ngokomoya, kodwa ngenxa kwixesha elidlulileyo endingayi kubuya ngawo.

isiphelo

Ngoko ke, lo eyinqaba kunye uhlalutyo ethile imveliso eyayinaso iqinisekisa Nabokova. "Ingqondo" kulo mongo - xa nditshoyo, andithethi kuphela yokuqala inoveli ngumbhali, kodwa ingxelo sakhe esisodwa italente leyo kuphela esithile kamva imisebenzi.